• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.15-24
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• 2021

Purpose: The research is to find out the perception of consumers for the convenience store (c - store) image in an emerging market, with a sample from Ho Chi Minh City. Research design, data, and methodology: Data were collected using a 24 - item structured questionnaire into six factors, namely: store atmospheric, merchandise, supplementary service, customer convenience, sales personnel, promotion. Five hundred consumers shopped at the different c - stores were collected for a multidimensional scaling technique that creates a perceptual map illustrating of c - store image. Results: The results point out that consumers' perception of a different c - store is different. The trend of c- stores are focusing on the dimensions of the function aspect. The customers also put their attention on the psychological dimension, which, in this case, is customer convenience with a sharp point. Almost all stores are bad on store atmospheric in customer- based. Conclusions: The modern retail store chains need to focus on elements to create a store image positioning and improve the perceptions of the consumers towards the store. Besides, customers not only visit the stores, not due to its convenient location, mass media or shopping experience, but also a strong identity for the store's brand image.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.797-810
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• 2019

Image saliency detection is the basis of perceptual image processing, which is significant to subsequent image processing methods. Most saliency detection methods can detect only a single object with a high-contrast background, but they have no effect on the extraction of a salient object from images with complex low-contrast backgrounds. With the prior knowledge, this paper proposes a method for detecting salient objects by combining the boundary contrast map and the geodesics-like maps. This method can highlight the foreground uniformly and extract the salient objects efficiently in images with low-contrast backgrounds. The classical receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, which compares the salient map with the ground truth map, does not reflect the human perception. An ROC curve with distance (distance receiver operating characteristic, DROC) is proposed in this paper, which takes the ROC curve closer to the human subjective perception. Experiments on three benchmark datasets and three low-contrast image datasets, with four evaluation methods including DROC, show that on comparing the eight state-of-the-art approaches, the proposed approach performs well.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.147-148
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• 2010

Recently, advancement in the visual technology has lead to the further development of the three dimensional (3D) imaging systems. The visual perception to view a pair of images simultaneously, is a crucial factor to build a stereoscopic 3D image. In this paper, we present the depth cues between the intensities of the two images when viewing with both eyes. Due to this stereoscopic effect, objects at different distances from the eyes differ in their horizontal positions, giving the depth cue of horizontal disparity. By simple image processing technique, we also present the binocular disparity map between the two images. A median filter has been used to filter out all the noises occurring in the disparity map image.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.916-926
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• 2011

It is well known that high-resolution 3D movie contents frequently do not deliver the identical 3D perception to low-resolution 3D images. For solving this problem, we propose a novel method that produces a new stereoscopic image based on depth map transformation using the spatial complexity of an image. After analyzing the depth map histogram, the depth map is decomposed into multiple depth planes that are transformed based upon the spatial complexity. The transformed depth planes are composited into a new depth map. Experimental results demonstrate that the lower the spatial complexity is, the higher the perceived video quality and depth perception are. As well, visual fatigue test showed that the stereoscopic images deliver less visual fatigue.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.369-388
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• 1999

This study is a descriptive research to establish a positioning strategy of nursing service image, making a perception map on each hospital's nursing service image and ranking construct factors of nursing service image. The results in this study were as follows; 1. The rank of construct factors of nursing service image which were thought important by subjects was the first 'Kindness', the second 'Reliability', the third 'Professional Knowledge', the fourth 'Responsibility', and the fifth 'Advanced Nursing Skill'. 2. The perception map for nursing service image on each hospital showed a hierarchial structure and positioned the first B hospital, the second C hospital, the third D hospital, the fourth A hospital, and the fifth E hospital. The perception map for construct factors of nursing service image and hospitals showed the first dimension : 'Reliability', the second dimension : Kindness', the third dimension : 'Mission', 'Accuracy', 'Neat Appearance', and 'Ethical Aspect', and the fourth dimension : 'Client Advocate', 'Humanistic Consideration', 'Professional Knowledge', 'Responsibility', and 'Advanced Nursing Skill'. 3. The findings of subject's characteristics which affected degree of likeness on each hospital nursing service image to make a marketing strategy were as follows : In A hospital D hospital, and E hospital, the subject group whose hospital dates were under 1 week, education level was upper graduate university, and age was between 40's and 50's, were appeared to have low nursing service image on following construct factors : 'Kindness', 'Reliability', 'Responsibility', 'Mission', 'Neat Appearance', and 'Humanistic Consideration'. In B hospital and C hospital the subject group whose hospital dates were under 1 week or over 5 weeks, sex was woman, and age was 20' s or 40's, having a admission experience on subject hospitals, were appeared to have low nursing service image on following construct factors : 'Professional Knowledge', 'Advanced Nursing Skill', 'Ethical Aspect', and 'Humanistic Consideration'. As the based on above results, nursing managers can use positioning method to develope a marketing strategy for nursing service image.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.155-168
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• 1992

The purposes of this study were: (1) to identify the image dimensions of apparel stores according to how the consumers rate the importance of store attributes; (2) to classify the apparel stores in Seoul, Korea according to consumers' perception of the image attributes of their preferred store; (3) to develop a positioning map of the apparel stores according to their salient image dimensions; and (4) to classify the female adults in Seoul according to the criteria of their preferred store and to describe the characteristics of target customers according to storetype. 'A questionnaire was developed to measure store patronage, perceived importance of the store image attributes, perception of the store image attributes for the respondent's most frequently patronized store, and demographic information. Data from 520 female adults living in Seoul were analyzed. The results were as follows; 1. The image dimensions of fashion stores were product quality, shopping convenience, location, promotion, atmosphere, product information, design characteristics and price. 2. The apparel stores in Seoul were classified into five groups by the perception of store image, which were labeled as national chain store, designer store, specialty store, wholesale store and independent store, according to their discriminant characteristics. 3. According to the positioning map, product quality and location convenience were identified as the most important apparel store type patronage criteria. 4. The female adult group divided by store preference indicated significant differences in the perceived importance of store attributes. Each group showed multi-store patronage.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.2379-2384
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• 2005

We propose a novel method for object recognition using the smart tag system with a stereo vision on a pan-tilt mechanism. We developed a smart tag which included IRED device. The smart tag is attached onto the object. We also developed a stereo vision system which pans and tilts for the object image to be the centered on each whole image view. A Stereo vision system on the pan-tilt mechanism can map the position of IRED to the robot coordinate system by using pan-tilt angles. And then, to map the size and pose of the object for the robot to coordinate the system, we used a simple model-based vision algorithm. To increase the possibility of tag-based object recognition, we implemented our approach by using as easy and simple techniques as possible.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.1-16
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to investigate any differences in perception of fashion brand positioning between a manufacturer and a consumer. So this can provide theoretical suggestions for the development of brand positioning strategy for fashion brand. For this study, three brands, (MINE, TELEGRAPH, and MICHAA,) were selected by the criteria. The data were collected via a selfadministered questionnaire and analysed by the statistical method. The results of investigation were as follows: 1. The consumers had good attitudes in the order following: MINE, MICHAA, and TELEGRAPH in the factors1). In the case of purchasing the goods, the result of the research showed presented that the consumer had better attitudes than in the case of unpurchasing the goods. Contrary to our expectation, TELEGRAPH has the best attitude in personality, one of the factors. 2. In the image positioning map between the manufacturer and the consumer, the consumer had the same perception about the manufacturer. However, there is a gap on the degree of agreement for positioning map. In the case of purchasing the goods, the result of the research represents that the consumers are similar to the manufacturer in perception of the image positioning. 3. In the results of forming attitudes and recognizing brand by the consumer, there is a difference in brand positioning. The display and the shop appearance are very important means of attractions very to the consumers but salesmen‘s service or direct mail (DM) do not appeal to the consumer.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.29-42
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• 2013

In this paper, we analyze the effect of the depth perception, volume perception and visual discomfort according to the change of the quality of the depth image and the depth of the major object. For the analysis, a 2D image was converted to eighteen 3D images using depth images generated based on the different depth position of a major object and background, which were represented in three detail levels. The subjective test was carried out using eighteen 3D images so that the degrees of the depth perception, volume perception and visual discomfort recognized by the subjects were investigated according to the change in the depth position of the major object and the quality of depth map. The absolute depth position of a major object and the relative depth difference between background and the major object were adjusted in three levels, respectively. The details of the depth map was also represented in three levels. Experimental results showed that the quality of the depth image differently affected the depth perception, volume perception and visual discomfort according to the absolute and relative depth position of the major object. In the case of the cardboard depth image, it severely damaged the volume perception regardless of the depth position of the major object. Especially, the depth perception was also more severely deteriorated by the cardboard depth image as the major object was located inside the screen than outside the screen. Furthermore, the subjects did not felt the difference of the depth perception, volume perception and visual comport from the 3D images generated by the detail depth map and by the rough depth map. As a result, it was analyzed that the excessively detail depth map was not necessary for enhancement of the stereoscopic perception in the 2D-to-3D conversion.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.28-30
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• 2009

This paper describes a 3-DTIP(3-D Tour Into Picture) using depth map for a Korean classical painting being composed of persons and landscape. Unlike conventional TIP methods providing 2-D image or video, our proposed TIP can provide users with 3-D stereoscopic contents. Navigating inside a picture provides more realistic and immersive perception. The method firstly makes depth map. Input data consists of foreground object, background image, depth map, foreground mask. Firstly we separate foreground object and background, make each of their depth map. Background is decomposed into polygons and assigned depth value to each vertexes. Then a polygon is decomposed into many triangles. Gouraud shading is used to make a final depth map. Navigating into a picture uses OpenGL library. Our proposed method was tested on "Danopungjun" and "Muyigido" that are famous paintings made in Chosun Dynasty. The stereoscopic video was proved to deliver new 3-D perception better than 2-D video.