• Mycobiology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.67-68
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• 2009

Antifungal activity of celery essential oil against Malassezia furfur was investigated using broth microdilution and vapor contact methods. Potent antifungal activity was evident using both methods. Fungicidal activity was revealed in the vapor contact method.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2007

Antifungal activity of compost teas was evaluated in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro test, fourteen compost teas were produced using five different composts and through six different methods for compost tea production. Eleven pathogenic fungi were used as indicators of antifungal activity of compost teas. In vivo test, one of the compost teas used in vitro test was sprayed to cucumber leaves which were infected with powdery mildew in order to evaluate antifungal activity of compost tea. From the results of the tests, it was found that all compost teas used this study showed antifungal activity and the proper application of compost teas against pathogenic fungi for obtaining optimal effects was important to know.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.586-589
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• 1997

Antifungal activities of 6-[(N-4-bromophenyl)amino]-7-chloro-5,8-quinolinedione (RCK7) were tested. The MIC values of RCK7 were determined for antifungal suceptibility, in vitro against Aspergillus niger, Cryptococcus neoformans and Trichophyton mentagrophyte by standard agar streak method. In vitro, RCK7 showed more potent antifungal activity than fluconazole and ketoconazole. Also, RCK7 was tested for in vivo antifungal activity in the treatment of systemic infection with Candida albicans in normal mice. The therapeutic potential of RCK7 had been assessed by evaluating their survival rate against systemic infections compared with that of ketoconazole. $ED_{50}$ of intraperitoneally administered RCK7 ws $2.05{\pm}0.30mg/kg$ but that of ketoconazole was $8.00{\pm}0.73 mg/kg$, respectively. When RCK7 was administered intravenously at the $ED_{50}$(2.05 mg/kg). the colony counts of Candida albicans in the liver after 7 days and 14 days were reduced as likely as ketoconazole at the $ED_{50}(8.00 mg/kg)$, and the better survival rates than ketoconazole's were achieved after 14 days. The results suggest that RCK7 may be a potent antifungal agent.

• Mycobiology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.190-192
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• 2000

Antifungal bacteria for biological control of plant diseases or production of novel antibiotics to plant pathogens were isolated in 1997 from various soils of Ansung, Chunan, Koyang, and Paju in Korea. Sixty-four bacterial strains pre-screened from approximately 1,400 strains were tested on V-8 juice agar against eight plant pathogenic fungi using in vitro bioassay technique for inhibition of mycelial growth. Test pathogens were Alternaria mali, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, C. orbiculare, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Magnaporthe grisea, Phytophthora capsici, and Rhizoctonia solani. A wide range of antifungal activity of bacterial strains was found against the pathogenic fungi, and strain RC-B77 showed the best antifungal activity. Correlation analysis between inhibition of each fungus and mean inhibition of all eight fungi by 64 bacterial strains revealed that C. gloeosporioides would be best appropriate for detecting bacterial strains producing antibiotics with potential as biocontrol agents for plant pathogens.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.606-611
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• 1998

An antagonistic bacterium, Pseudomonas flurorescens MC07 inhibited the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium ultimum, Fusarium oxysporum, and Phytophthora capsici in on potato dextrose agan (PDA) and other media. The strain MC07 conlonizes various plant roots and possesses antifungal activity. To determine the role of antifungal activity of the bacterium in disease suppression, a mutant Okm3-4 which lost its activity was isolated after screening 2,500 colonies generated by Omegon-Km insertions. The mutant Okm3-4 showed diminished growth inhibition of R. solani, P. ultimum, F. oxysporum, and Ph. capsici in vitro and had reduced suppressive effects on sesame damping.-off compared to the parental strain. In soils, accumulation of the pathogens by continuous cropping, 90% of sesame plants were killed by natural infection of damping-off whereas, only 29% of plants grown from seeds treated with MC07 were killed. On the other hand, 85% of plants died when sesame seeds were treated with the Okm3-4 cells. This indicated that antifungal activity of MC07 in vitro is directly responsible for the suppression of damping-off disease. Emergence rates of sesame seeds in pots containing diseased soil were 33%. However, MC07 treatments on seeds significantly improved emergence rates, which has similar effects of Benomyl treatment. The mutant Okm3-4 exhibited 53% of emergence rate. This indicated that antifungal activity of MC07 also affects the emergence rate of sesame seeds.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.672-674
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• 1999

Cepacidine A was first identified as a novel antifungal antibiotic which was isolated from the culture broth of Pseudomonas cepacia AF200l. It showed a potent in vitro antifungal activity against various pathogenic fungi, but did not show any activity against bacteria. Recently, the immunosuppressive action of cepacidine A was discovered using an in vitro screening system involving inhibition of the proliferation of murine lymphocytes stimulated by 2 mitogens, and also by in vivo mouse models involving inhibition of delayed type hypersensitivity and SRBC hemagglutination. Cepacidine A showed a significant activity of cellular immunosuppression (ED/sub 50/) at concentration levels of 1-3 ㎎/㎏, i.p.. Unfortunately, the delayed toxicity at a dose of above 3 ㎎/㎏ i.p. was apparent.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.178-186
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• 2007

42 compounds such as ester, sulfonyl ester, phosphoyl ester and ether derivatives of 4-isopropylphenol (I) and 2-isopropylphenol (II) were synthesized. These derivatives were identified by IR, GC/MS and $^{1}H-NMR$ spectra. Their in vitro antifungal activities were tested against 10 plant pathogenic fungi. Among them, several compounds showed potent in vitro antifungal activity. The selected compounds showing potent in vitro antifungal activity were tested for their in vivo antifungal acitvities against 5 plant diseases such as rice blast, rice sheath blast, cucumber anthracnose, cucumber gray mold and tomato late blight. As a result, 2-isopropylphenyl piperonyloate (II-7a) showed a potent in vivo antifungal activity against cucumber anthracnose and tomato late blight, 4-isopropylphenyl 4-methoxybenzenesulfonate (I-6b) effectively inhibited the development of rice blast.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.441-446
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• 2000

Trichoderma harzianum is an aggressive causal agent of green mold disease on mushroom cultivation. Some bacterial strains isolated, from oyster mushroom compost in Wonju, were found to have in vitro antifungal activity against Trichoderma harzianum ATCC 6385, 6504, and our isolates Trichoderma spp. Y and G. Further in vitro antifungal studies on several strains of phytopathogenic fungi showed that all of 12 phytopathogenic fungal strains were significantly inhibited by the isolated antifungal bacteria in Petri dishes. Of these, KATB 99121 showed the broadest inhibiting effect and displayed as negative coagulase, negative sulfide production and rod shape. KATB 99121 was resistant to ampicillin, chlorampenicol, and kanamycin. Identification of isolates was determined by Biolog GN system, and KATB 99121 was identified as Photobacterium logei because of 96 probability, 0.65 similarity, and 4.97 disturbance. With electron microscopy, thin section of KATB 99121 strain revealed typical rod-like shaped cell (0.6-0.8${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$$\times$1.5-2.0${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) with prokaryotic structure and organization.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.178.1-178.1
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• 2003

6-Arylthio-/6-arylamino-4,7-dioxobenzothiazoles were synthesized and tested for in vitro antifungal activity against Candida species and Aspergillus niger. 6-Arylamino-4,7-dioxobenzothiazoles showed, in general, more potent antifungal activity than 6-arylthio-4,7-dioxobenzothiazoles. The 6-arylamino-substituted compounds exhibited the greatest activity. In contrast, 6-arylthio-, 2-/5-methyl-or 5-methoxy-moieties of compounds did not improve their antifungal activity significantly. The results of this study suggest that 6-arylamino-4,7-dioxobenzothiazoles would be potent antifungal agents

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.2071-2075
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• 2007

Fourteen Bacillus thuringiensis isolates having both insecticidal activity and in vitro antifungal activity were selected and tested for in vivo antifungal activity against tomato late blight, wheat leaf rust, tomato gray mold, and barley powdery mildew in growth chambers. All the isolates represented more than 70% disease control efficacy against at least one of four plant diseases. Specifically, 12 isolates exhibited strong control activity against barley powdery mildew. Under glasshouse conditions, four (50-02, 52-08, 52-16, and 52-18) of the isolates also displayed potent control efficacy against cucumber powdery mildew. To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. thuringiensis isolates that have disease control efficacy against powdery mildew of barley and cucumber as well as insecticidal activity.