• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2010년도 제35회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.177-180
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• 2010

고압관, 가압관, 발사관으로 구성된 Ballistic Range의 일종인 2단식 경가스 총을 사용하여 초음속 액체 제트의 분무 특성을 연구하였다. 135 bar의 압축공기는 고압관과 가압관 사이에 OHP필름으로 구성된 격막을 파열시킨 후 가압관의 발사체를 약 250 m/s의 속도로 가속하였다. 가속된 발사체는 액체 저장부에 충돌하여 액체를 초고압으로 가압한 후 초음속으로 분사시키며, 특히 초음속 액체 제트는 미립화된 다중 제트의 형태를 나타내고 액체 제트 전방 영역에서 충격파를 수반한다. 다양한 분사 노즐의 기하학적 형상에 대한 분무시험결과 초음속 액체 제트의 속도와 충격파 각도가 각각 다르게 생성되었으며, L/d가 9.9, 11.9, 23.8의 조건에 대하여 L/d가 23.8의 경우에 액체 제트의 분사속도가 마하수 1.53으로 가장 낮게 측정되었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.1177-1184
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• 2011

GTS 기술은 천연가스 하이드레이트 생산, 해양수송 및 재기화의 3 단계로 구성되며, 대규모 재기화 플랜트의 효율적 운용을 위해서는 하이드레이트 펠릿의 재기화에 필요한 열수 온도와 유량의 정확한 예측이 필수적이다. 하이드레이트 펠릿이 열수에서 해리할 때 펠릿 표면에서 분출되는 가스는 주변 유동장과 열전달 특성에 영향을 미칠 것이며 본 실험에서는 가압된 용기내의 중저온 열수에서 해리하는 메탄가스 하이드레이트 펠릿의 용해특성을 연구하였다. 해리과정 중 변화하는 펠릿 형상을 관찰하고 해리 완료시간을 측정함으로써 하이드레이트 전환율, 열수 온도 및 유동속도가 해리에 미치는 영향을 파악하였으며, 펠릿 표면에서 분출되어 상승하는 메탄가스 기포류가 유발한 2 차유동이 열전달률을 증가시켜 해리 완료시간이 단축됨을 확인하였다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2004년도 제22회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.75-78
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• 2004

Various jet engines (Turbine engine family and RAM Jet engine) have been developed for high speed aircrafts. but their application to hypersonic flight is restricted by principle problems such as increase of total pressure loss and thermal stress. Therefore, the development of next generation propulsion system for hypersonic aircraft is a very important subject in the aerospace engineering field, SCRAM Jet engine based on a key technology, Supersonic Combustion. is supposed as the best choice for the hypersonic flight. Since Supersonic Combustion requires both rapid ignition and stable flame holding within supersonic air stream, much attention have to be given on the mixing state between air stream and fuel flow. However. the wider diffusion of fuel is expected with less total pressure loss in the supersonic air stream. So. in this study the direction of fuel injection is inclined 30 degree to downstream and the total pressure of jet is controlled for lower penetration height than thickness of boundary layer. Under these flow configuration both streams, fuel and supersonic air stream, would not mix enough. To spread fuel wider into supersonic air an aerodynamic force, baroclinic torque, is adopted. Baroclinic torque is generated by a spatial misalignment between pressure gradient (shock wave plane) and density gradient (mixing layer). A wedge is installed in downstream of injector orifice to induce an oblique shock. The schlieren optical visualization from side transparent wall and the total pressure measurement at exit cross section of combustor estimate how mixing is enhanced by the incidence of shock wave into supersonic boundary layer composed by fuel and air. In this study non-combustionable helium gas is injected with total pressure 0.66㎫ instead of flammable fuel to clarify mixing process. Mach number 1.8. total pressure O.5㎫, total temperature 288K are set up for supersonic air stream.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1765-1772
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• 2006

High-pressure die casting such as thixocasting and rheocasting is an effective process in the manufacturing automotive parts. Following the recent trend in the automotive manufacturing technologies, the product design subject to the die casting becomes more and more complex. Simultaneously the injection speed is also designed to be very high to establish a short cycletime. Thus, the requirement of the die design becomes more demanding than ever before. In some cases the product's shape can have multiple slender manifolds. In such cases, design of the inlet and outlet parts of the die is very important in the whole manufacturing process. The main issues required for the qualified products are to attain gentle and uniform flow of the molten liquid within the passages of the die. To satisfy such issues, the inlet cylinder ('bed cylinder' in this paper) must be as large as possible and simultaneously the outlet opening at the end of each passage must be as small as possible. However these in turn obviously bring additional manufacturing costs caused by re-melting of the bed cylinder and increased power due to the small outlet-openings. The purpose of this paper is to develop effective simulation methods of calculation for fluid flows in multiple columns, which mimic the actual complex design, and to get some useful information which can give some contributions to the die-casting industry. We have used a commercial code CFX in the numerical simulation. The primary parameter involved is the size of the bed cylinder. We will show how the very small opening of the outlet can be treated with the aid of the porous model provided in the code. To check the validity of the numerical results we have also conducted a simple experiment by using water.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.146-159
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• 2015

Since the power capacity needed for the propulsion of large ships is very large, a multiphase AC induction propulsion mode is generally adopted to meet the higher requirements of reliability, redundancy and maintainability. This paper gives a detailed description of the development of a 20MW fifteen-phase PWM driver for advanced fifteen-phase propulsion induction motors with a special third-harmonic injection in terms of the main circuit hardware, control system design, experiments, etc. The adoption of the modular design method for the main circuit hardware design can make the enclosed mechanical structure simple and maintainable. It can also avoid the larger switch stresses caused by the multiple turn on of the IGBTs in conventional large-capacity converter systems. The use of the distributed controller design method based on a high-speed fiber-optic ring net for the control system can overcome such disadvantages as the poor reliability and long maintenance times arising from the conventional centralized controller which is designed according to point-to-point communication. Finally, the performance of the 20MW PWM driver is verified by experimentation on a new fifteen-phase induction propulsion motor.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2004

액체로켓 엔진에 사용되는 가스발생기를 최적설계 하였다. 추진제는 RP-1/LOx 이고, open cycle터보펌프 시스템을 사용하였으며, 가스발생기는 농후 (fuel-rich) 연소를 적용하였다. 최적설계의 목적함수는 주연소설의 비추력의 최대화이고 설계 제한조건은 가스발생기 연소 실온도와 터빈-펌프의 출력일치이다. 가스 발생기의 설계에 사용된 설계변수는 가스발생기 유량, O/F비, 터빈 노즐 입구 각, 부분분사비, 그리고 터빈 원주속도이며 이들을 이용하여 가스발생기의 열역학적 성능을 계산하였다. 그리고 설계 제한조건을 만족하면서 목적함수를 최대화 할 수 있는 가스발생기의 크기와 성능조건을 확인하였다. 설계된 가스발생기 기본형상은 연소시험에 적용된 후 최종적으로 결정된다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.311-315
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• 2005

농약 제품의 제조기업에서는 여러 가지 제품을 연속적으로 생산하고 있으므로 품질관리를 위한 동시 또는 연속적인 제품분석의 필요성이 있다. 본 연구는 생산현장에서 신속하고 정확한 제품의 품질관리를 위하여 일정한 분석기기 조건에서 각각의 성분을 혼합하여 한번주입으로 여러 성분을 동시에 분석할 수 있는 다성분 동시분석에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 대상농약은 iprobenfos 17%GR, isoprothiolane 12%GR, tebufenozide 20%SC를 선정하여 GLC와 HPLC를 이용하여 분석을 실시하였다. GLC를 이용한 분석에서는 iprobenfos와 isoprothiolane 등 2성분이 동시분석 가능하였으나, tebufenozide는 검출이 되지 않아 분석이 불가능하였다. HPLC를 이용한 분석에서는 iprobenfos, isoprothiolane, tebufenozide 등 3성분 모두 동시분석이 가능하였다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2015

In this paper, we describe the development of a bioreactor for a cell-culture experiment on the International Space Station (ISS). The bioreactor is an experimental device for culturing mouse muscle cells in a microgravity environment. The purpose of the experiment was to assess the impact of microgravity on the muscles to address the possibility of long-term human residence in space. After investigation of previously developed bioreactors, and analysis of the requirements for microgravity cell culture experiments, a bioreactor design is herein proposed that is able to automatically culture 32 samples simultaneously. This reactor design is capable of automatic control of temperature, humidity, and culture-medium injection rate; and satisfies the interface requirements of the ISS. Since bioreactors are vulnerable to cell contamination, the medium-circulation modules were designed to be a completely replaceable, in order to reuse the bioreactor after each experiment. The bioreactor control system is designed to circulate culture media to 32 culture chambers at a maximum speed of 1 ml/min, to maintain the temperature of the reactor at $36{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, and to keep the relative humidity of the reactor above 70%. Because bubbles in the culture media negatively affect cell culture, a de-bubbler unit was provided to eliminate such bubbles. A working model of the reactor was built according to the new design, to verify its performance, and was used to perform a cell culture experiment that confirmed the feasibility of this device.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.437-444
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• 2005

Unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC) emissions from gasoline engines remain a primary engineering research and development concern due to stricter emission regulations. Gasoline engines produce more UBHC emissions during cold start and warm-up than during any other stage of operation, because of insufficient fuel-air mixing, particularly in view of the additional fuel enrichment used for early starting. Impingement of fuel droplets on the cylinder wall is a major source of UBHC and a concern for oil dilution. This paper describes an experimental study that was carried out to investigate the distribution and 'footprint' of fuel droplets impinging on the cylinder wall during the intake stroke under engine starting conditions. Injectors having different targeting and atomization characteristics were used in a 4-Valve engine with optical access to the intake port and combustion chamber. The spray and targeting performance were characterized using high-speed visualization and Phase Doppler Interferometry techniques. The fuel droplets impinging on the port, cylinder wall and piston top were characterized using a color imaging technique during simulated engine start-up from room temperature. Highly absorbent filter paper was placed around the circumference of the cylinder liner and on the piston top to collect fuel droplets during the intake strokes. A small amount of colored dye, which dissolves completely in gasoline, was used as the tracer. Color density on the paper, which is correlated with the amount of fuel deposited and its distribution on the cylinder wall, was measured using image analysis. The results show that by comparing the locations of the wetted footprints and their color intensities, the influence of fuel injection and engine conditions can be qualitatively and quantitatively examined. Fast FID measurements of UBHC were also performed on the engine for correlation to the mixture formation results.

• 대한치과마취과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.179-188
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• 2013

Background: Today, there are computer controlled local anesthesia devices used clinically. The main principle is to control injection speed by computer aided system, and it relieves pain. However, there are few objective data considering this subject. In this literature review, we researched studies about computer controlled anesthetic delivery. We compared pain control effect of computer controlled to conventional local anesthetic syringe system. Methods: A bibliographic search in PubMed was performed and we reviewed original articles. Results: There were 18 publications that compared pain control effect of computer controlled to conventional system. There were 8 articles reported of children, similar pain control effect was found in 7 of them. One study showed superior pain control effect of computer controlled anesthetic delivery. For adults, 10 studies showed superior pain control effect in computer aided system. Conclusions: Computer controlled anesthetic delivery has similar or superior pain control effect compared to conventional local anesthetic syringe system. For both children and adults, computer controlled anesthetic delivery could be clinically useful, still it may be more effective for adults.