• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.100-107
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose an expert system for electronic interlocking which enhances the safty, efficiency and expanability of the existing system by designing real-time interlocking control based on the interlocking table automatically generated using artificial intelligence approach. The expert system consists of two parts; an interlocking table generation part and a real-time interlocking control part. The former generates automatically the interlocking relationship of all possible routes by searching dynamically the station topology which is obtained from station database. On the other hand, the latter controls the status of station facilities in real-time by applying the generated interlocking relationship to the signal facilities such as signal devices, points, track circuits for a given route. The expert system is implemented in C language which is suitable to implement the interlocking table generation part using the dynamic memory allocation technique. Finally, the effectiveness of the expert system is proved by simulating for the typical station model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.10-19
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• 1998

Described in this paper is the software to design of a railway interlocking table, which describes the functional specifications of an interlocking device. Interlocking tables has been designed mainly based on personal expertise among signal engineers. However, this expertise needs to be analyzed with technical uniformity and integrated in an organized system. The proposed software is amount to the signal engineer's expertise, yet a generalization of interlocking reasoning. The algorithm is based on the train route setting principle, and is applicable in solving practical problems by computers. The software was evaluated through man-made and machine-made interlocking tables are compared. The evaluation results proves the software to be effective for computer control of the signaling system as interlocking system with a much improved safety.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.427-435
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• 1998

In this paper will be presented an algorithm for designing of a railway interlocking table which is a document describing the functional specification of the interlocking device. The ability to produce an interlocking table has been handed down in the signalling engineers society. And the signalling engineer makes the most of his expertise to produce an interlocking table. But, the expertise has not yet been organized into technical system, the core of the expertise is a hard nut to crack. Therefore, we analyze into signal engineering expertise, and propose a generalization of interlocking notion. Also, an algorithm is drawn up based on a train route setting principle to solve practical and general problems by computer And the performance of the algorithm is evaluated for test program based on AutoCAD technology. The evaluation result shows that it can be utilized as the effective algorithm for computer control of the signalling system as interlocking device, that it improved in safety

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.831-839
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• 2009

An interlocking equipment of railway signalling systems is manufactured with electrical devices and electrical interlocking equipment has been substituted for existing interlock equipment(relay sequential logic type). But interlock conditions are still generated from rail diagram and used to make Interlock Table manually. In order to make EIS(Electrical Interlock System) operate, we should write interlock data which is made from interlock table. But, as the station is larger and more complicated, handwork may becomes a very tediou work and makes more mistakes. Therefore the development of CAD system for Interlocking System is very significant, if CAD can reduce the mistakes from handwork and help the configuring the interlocking system. In this paper, we first arrange some rules which can be used to extract route information automatically from rail diagram and interlocking rules. And then we propose "Search-And-Rollback" algorithm to extract route information and individual interlocking rules. The proposed algorithm is implemented and tested through the signal design process of the Hyundai-Steel private railway to carry melted pig iron from the blast furnace to the steel-making workshop. some cases. It shows that CAD for Interlocking system is very helpful in time saving aspect and system reliability.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.125-130
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• 2000

DES software is a Computer Aided Design(CAD) tool. It is built based on objected-oriented principle. Utilizing strong processing capability and quirk calculation of computer, it can search out all possible routes, and give out interlocking table on the base of chosen routes by user. It can provide a large number of data for computers included in computer interlocking system. It is efficient and reliable.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.07b
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• pp.1264-1266
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• 2002

We have developed interlocking signalling chart using computer. The basic tool for the automatic signalling chart is table which represent relation between routes and track circuit and track circuit and switch, from track layout being traced using CAD system. In this paper, three elements to be considered are proposed when the signalling chart is build.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.10c
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• pp.302-304
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• 2005

무선통신기술의 발달은 Smart열차제어시스템 개발의 동기를 제공하였다. Smart열차제어시스템의 진로제어장치도 무선통신기술을 적용하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존연동장치의 특징, 연동논리를 포함한 Smart 진로제어시스템의 개요 등을 검토하여 새로운 연동도표를 제안하고 있다.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.11b
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• pp.1220-1226
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• 2008

A route control in railway is one of the very important system to operate a train. An efficient train route control assures to increase train operation performance with a same railway system. The erroneous route control can accompany serious accidents which occur train collision or derailment which provokes death. A Route control carries out exactly lest the accident should take place. An interlocking table is widely used for the exact route control. The table has the problem of its exactness proving because it has been established by experts. In this paper, We tried to formalize a route control using mathematical logic. A route consists of symbolized tracks, signals, switch and crossing. It represents as a set, respectively. We proposed route setting control logic, converted the elements to set logics and construct route logics with the set logics of the elements. Finally we proposed a model which presents a prototype routes and we proved the proposed logics using the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.85-93
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• 2021

The seventy percentage of Korean Peninsular is covered by the mountainous area, and the depth of west sea and south sea is relatively shallow. Therefore, a large scale land reclamation from the sea has been implemented for the construction of industrial complex, residental area, and port and airport facilities. The common problem of reclaimed land is consisted of soft ground, and hence it has low load bearing capacity as well as excessive settlement upon loading on the ground surface. The hollow concrete block has been used to reinforce the loose and soft foundation soil where the medium-high apartment or one-story industrial building is being planned to be built. Recently the earthquakes with the magnitude of 4.0~5.0 have been occurred in the west coastal and southeast coastal areas. Lee (2019) reported the advantages of hollow concrete block reinforced shallow foundation through the static laboratory bearing capacity tests. In this study, the dynamic behavior of hollow concrete block reinforced sandy ground with filling the crushed stone in the hollow space has been investigated by the means of shaking table test with the size of shaking table 1000 mm × 1000 mm. Three types of seismic wave, that is, Ofunato, Hachinohe, Artificial, and two different accelerations (0.154 g, 0.22 g) were applied in the shaking table tests. The horizontal displacement of structure which is situated right above the hollow concrete block reinforced ground was measured by using the LVDT. The relative density of soil ground are varied with 45%, 65%, and 85%, respectively, to investigate the effectiveness of reinforcement by hollow block and measured the magnitude of lateral movement, and compared with the limit value of 0.015h (Building Earthquake Code, 2019). Based on the results of shaking table test for hollow concrete block reinforced sandy ground, honeycell type hollow block gives a large interlocking force due to the filling of crushed stone in the hollow space as well as a great interface friction force by the confining pressure and punching resistance along the inside and outside of hollow concrete block. All these factors are contributed to reduce the great amount of horizontal displacement during the shaking table test. Finally, hollow concrete block reinforced sandy ground for shallow foundation is provided an outstanding reinforced method for medium-high building irrespective of seismic wave and moderate accelerations.