• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.163-175
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• 1997

This study investigated the relationship between mother's verbal control modes and children's social competency, the relationship between mother's verbal control modes and children's internal-external control, and the relationship between children's internal-external control and children's social competency. The subjects of this study were 157 boys and 144 girls attending elementary schools and their mothers in Busan. Lee's(1993) questionnaire on mother's verbal control modes, the modified version of Nowicki and Strickland's CN-SIE on internal-external control and Choi's(1992) questionnaire on social competence were used. The results were as follows: 1) The mothers control their children mostly by position-oriented mode. And mother's imperative mode for boys differed significantly from that for girls. Boys perceived mother's verbal control mode as more imperative. 2) There were significant negative correlations between mother's imperative mode and boy's social competency, between mother's imperative mode and boy's anxiety, and between mother's imperative mode and boy's internal-external control and boy's social competency, and between boy's internal-external control and boy's leadership. There were significant correlations between mother's position-oriented mode and girl's leadership, between mother's position-oriented mode and girl's, affection on parents, between mother's position-oriented mode and girl's internal-external control. There were significant negative correlations between girl's internal-external control and girl's anxiety. 3) Children's internal-external control was the predictor variable influencing on children' social competency, children's leadership. Children's sex was the predictor variable influencing on children' anxiety. And the mother's imperative mode and the mother's position-oriented mode were the predictor variables influencing on children' affection on parents.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.1213-1221
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• 2007

In most case of previous research about vehicle control system, external error occurred by unexpected environmental situation was hardly considered. However, in this paper, to have more accurate position control of differential derive vehicle, we separate the error as an internal error and external error. To calculate the vehicle position in real time, we introduced the Dead-Reckoning algorithms and the simulation result show that the proposed internal and external error control system has fast and accurate position tracking with remarkable diminishment of orientation error. The results reported here can easily be extended to the control of similar type vehicle.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.27-39
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to explore mediating effects of internal-external control between directors' servant leadership and teachers' emotional labor. The subjects of the study were 425 childcare teachers in Seoul, Gyeonggi province and Incheon in Korea. The statistics program used to analyze the data was SPSS(version +18.0). The statistics methods applied were the Pearson correlation coefficient, simple linear regression, and multiple linear regression. The major results of this study were summarized as follows: First, emotional labor and internal control caused by the servant leadership style were found to be positively correlated. Second, servant leadership affected the ability of the teachers to act naturally. These effects were mediated in part by the amount of internal-external control that was shown. Third, servant leadership affected the internal behaviors of the teachers. These effects were mediated in part by amount of the internal-external control that was shown.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.127-138
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• 2011

This study analyzed the internal-external controls, psychological well-being and depression of mothers as factors that affect mothers's parenting style of young children. The participants were 228 mothers of preschoolers. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's productive correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results showed that positive mothers parenting style had positive relationships with internal control and psychological well-being. On the other hand, positive mother's parenting style had negative relationships with external control and depression. In addition, negative mother's parenting style had positive relationships with external control and depression. On the other hand, negative mother's parenting style had no relationship with psychological well-being and internal control. Psycholobrical well-being had the strongest effect on positive mother's parenting style and external control had the strongest effect on negative mother's parenting.

• 아동학회지
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• 제4권
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• pp.53-61
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• 1983

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of internal-external locus of control on level of aspiration in Korean Children. The locus of control was measured by means of the Nowicki & Strickland's "A Locus of Control Scale for Children (1973)". The level of aspiration was measured by "Throw Balls into the Basket Game" Sixty internal controlled children(30 girls and 30 boys) and 60 external controlled children(30 girls and 30 boys) were selected among 853 children in fifth grade. For the data analysis, two - way analysis of variance and t-test were applied, Pearson correlation coefficient was computed. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Goal discrepancy score were significantly higher in the internal controlled children than in the external controlled children. 2. Shift value were significantly higher in the external controlled children than in the internal controlled children. 3. School achievement were significantly higher in the internal controlled children than in the external controlled children. 4. There was no significant difference in the school achievement between the children who showed high goal discrepancy score and the children who showed low one. 5. There was no significant difference in the locus of control between girls and boys. 6. Goal discrepancy score were significantly higher in boys than in girls, but there was no significant difference in the shift value between girls and boys.

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2021

목적 : 시설에서 거주하고 있는 노인의 내·외 통제성이 시설의 노인들에게서 나타나는 관계적 공격성에 대한 인식에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 확인하는 데 있다. 연구방법 : 시설거주 노인을 대상으로 설문을 통하여 내·외 통제성과 관계적 공격성 인식을 조사하였다. 자료 수집은 설문지 165부를 배부하여 결측지와 중도포기 17부를 제외한 총 148부의 설문지를 최종 분석에 활용되었다. 독립변인은 내·외 통제성의 내적 통제성과 외적 통제성, 종속변인은 부정적 행동과 괴롭힘 행동의 관계적 공격성, 통제변수는 노인의 일반사회학적 특성으로 구성하여 결과를 분석하였다. 결과 : 본 연구의 결과는 첫째, 시설 거주기간에 따라 내·외 통제성은 유의한 차이가 있었다. 교육수준과 입소기간, 배우자의 유무, 경제수준에 따라 관계적 공격성 인식에는 유의한 차이가 있었다. 셋째, 내·외 통제성에 따른 관계적 공격성 인식의 비교에서는 유의한 차이가 있었다, 넷째, 내·외 통제성은 관계적 공격성 인식에 영향을 주었다. 결론 : 인구사회학적 특성에 따라 시설거주 노인의 내·외 통제성과 관계적 공격성 인식은 차이가 있고 내·외 통제성에 따라 시설거주 노인의 관계적 공격성 인식도 차이가 있으며 내·외 통제성은 시설거주 노인의 관계적 공격성 인식수준에 영향을 주고 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.347-358
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• 1997

Locus of Control of Reinforcement (LOCR)' is considered as one of the most important factors on responsible environmental behaviors(REB). It is defined as 'an individual's perception of his or her ability to bring about change through his or her behavior'. This psychological construct is divided up into two directions: the external locus and internal locus. The internal locus is important as a predictor of REB. Recently, 'The Environmental Action Internal Control Index: EAICI' has been developed and it is a valid and reliable instrument to measure the relationship of two variables. The purposes of this study were to develop a strategy to reinforce the internal locus or to converse external locus to internal locus. and to verify the effects by EAICI. A new strategy, 'Self Control Management Strategy' was based on the characteristics of internal locus and the key idea of this was to self-control and to manage the courses by themselves. EAICI scores of the control group was 99.83. All of them were internal and the LOCR of females was more internal than that of the males. This strategy was applied when the instructions were carried out on seven environmental issues by the experimental group. According to the results. the seven points of the EAICI were increased significantly. Therefore this strategy is helpful in reinforcing the internal locus or to converse external locus to the internal locus.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.149-163
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• 1995

This study investigated the relation between children's internal-external locus of control and social comtetency. The subjects of this study were 453 mothers and their children of third and sixth grades in the five elementary schools located in Seoul. The modified version of Nowicki and Strickland's CN-SIE(Locus of Control Scale for Children) was administered to asses the children's internal-external locus of control. To assess the children's social competency, questionaire developed by Lee Kyung Hee(1993) was used. The major findings of this study were as follows : 1) There was significant interaction between grade level and sex in children's locus of control. Significant difference was found in children's locus of control in terms of children's social status level. 2) Significant difference were found in children's social competency in terns of children's sex and social status level. 3) Children's social comtetency was positively related to the internal locus of control orientation. 4) The relation between children's internal-external locus of control and social competency for boys was greater than that for girls. The relation between children's locus of control and social competency was not influenced by children's grade level, but affected by children's social status level. Social status level was positively related to the relation of the two concerned variables.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.107-124
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• 1998

Based on King's goal attainment theory, this research deals with applying nursing intervention of mutual goal settings to gastrectomy patients. It tests the effects of nursing intervention, according to the patients' health locus of control, suggested as external boundary criteria for the theory by employing a quasi-experimental design which consists of a pretest-posttest non-equivalent control and experimental groups. The subjects of this research were 62 gastrectomy patients hospitalized at Y medical center and the experimental and control groups consisted of 31 subjects. The experimental group received nursing intervention at the mutual goal setting of 5 times from the day before the surgery to the 5th day after the surgery, while the control group received only routine nursing care. Recovery indicators of both groups were measured and compared. Measurement variables included patients' characteristics, health locus of control, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, peak expiratory flow, bowel movement recovery, mobility recovery, level of pain, patients' stress and patients' satisfaction. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical package and the hypotheses were tested by ANOVA and ANCOVA. Results of the analyses are summarized as follows : 1) Internal health locus of control had higher effects of the nursing intervention of mutual goal setting than external health locus of control on pulmonary ventilatory functions of forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, and peak expiratory flow. 2) There was no statistically significant difference in the effects of nursing intervention of mutual goal setting on the bowel movement recovery between the internal and external health locus of control. 3) There was no statistically significant difference in the effects of nursing intervention of mutual goal setting on the mobility recovery between the internal and external health locus of control. 4) There was no statistically significant difference in the effects of nursing intervention of mutual goal setting on the level of pain between the internal and external health locus of control. 5) There was no statistically significant difference in the effects of nursing intervention of mutual goal setting on the level of stress between the internal and external health locus of control. 6) There was a statistically significant difference in the effects of nursing intervention of mutual goal setting on the level of satisfaction with provision of nursing information between the internal and external health locus of control, and there was no statistically significant difference in the effects of nursing intervention of mutual goal setting on the level of satisfaction with outcome of nursing between the internal and external locus of control. On the basis of the research results, the following are recommended : 1) Repeated research on responses to health locus of control is necessary. 2) Not only the effectiveness of nursing intervention in acute recovery periods, but also the long term effects are to be investigated. 3) The development of instruments is needed to accurately measure mutual goal setting regarding postoperative deep breath, coughing, early ambulation, etc. so that the relationship among the postoperative recovery indicators may be explored. 4) It is required that an instrument be developed to measure perception which facilitates goal attainment in the interactive setting between patients and nurses.

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2020

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 중증치매노인보호자의 내·외적 통제성과 돌봄스트레스가 우울에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 요인을 파악하여 작업치료 중재의 기초자료를 제공하는데 있다. 연구방법 : 의료기관에서 CDR을 통한 중등도이상의 치매판정을 받은 노인의 보호자를 대상으로 내·외통제성, 돌봄스트레스, 우울정도를 설문지를 통하여 검사하였다. 내·외통제성, 돌봄스트레스에 의한 우울정도는 독립표본 t-test와 ANOVA를 사용하였고 내·외 통제성과 돌봄스트레스가 우울에 미치는 영향은 다중회귀분석(Multiple regression analysis)을 실시하여 분석하였다 결과 : 본 연구의 결과는 첫째, 내·외 통제성 구분에 따른 우울정도의 차이는 유의하였다. 둘째, 돌봄스트레스의 항목에 따른 차이는 유의하였다. 셋째, 내적 통제성, 돌봄스트레스가 우울정도에 미치는 영향은 통계적으로 유의한 것으로 나타났다 결론 : 분석된 결과를 근거로 중증치매노인의 보호자는 내적통제성과 돌봄스트레스가 우울감에 영향을 미칠 수 있으므로 작업치료 중재에서 보호자의 내적통제성을 높이고 돌봄스트레스를 낮추어 줄 수 있는 작업치료사의 역할모색이 필요하다.