• Journal of Information Technology Services
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.149-164
• /
• 2014

The laws and policies governing Korea's game regulations are becoming more and more topics for debate as we enter the Age of Internet. The nature of the basis for Internet regulations and policies are not rooted in freedom of speech or fundamental values of democracy, but rather focused on solving real-world problems such as protection of the youth. Furthermore, the reality is that regulatory devices for keeping the social order such as regulating gambling are being applied directly to games without consideration on the characteristics of Internet gaming, raising concerns that the expansion of constitutional values and innovative empowerment inherent to the Internet are being weakened. The Geun-Hye Park Administration which succeeded Myung-Bak Lee's Administration, even went so far as to implement the so-called "Shutdown Policy", which prohibits access to Internet games during pre-defined time zones and also instigated a time zone selection rule. In order to curb the gambling nature of Internet games, government-led policies such as the mandatory personal identification and prohibition of player selection or in other words mandatory random player selection are being implemented. These institutions can inhibit freedom of speech, which is the basis of democracy, violate the right of equality through unreasonable discrimination between domestic and foreign service providers, and infringe upon the principles of administrative law, such as laws, due process in policies, and balance in among policies and governmental bodies. Going forward, if Korea's Internet game regulations and polices is to develop in a rational manner, regulatory frameworks will need to be designed to protect the nature of the Internet and its innovative values that enable the realization of constitutional values; for example, the Internet acting as the "catalytic media for freedom of expression as a fundamental human right ", which has already been acknowledged by the Korea's Constitutional Court. At the same time, transparent procedures should be put into place that will allow diverse participation of stakeholders including game service providers, game users, the youth and parents in the legislation and enforcement process of regulatory institutions; policies will also need to be transformed to enable not only regulatory laws but also self-regulation system to be established. And in this process, scientific and empirical analysis on the expected effects before introducing regulations and the results of enforcing regulations after being introduced will need to be strengthened.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.237-253
• /
• 2018

In order to understand China's internet governance, this paper examined 1,931 Internet policies of China by bibliometric techniques. Specifically, the bibliometric techniques include simple document counting, co-word analysis, collaboration network analysis and citation analysis. The findings include: (1) China's Internet legislations mainly emphasized e-commerce and Internet governance, and, to some extent, neglected personal data protection; (2) China's Internet is under intensive multiple regulatory controls by central government. A large number of government agencies are involved in Internet policy-making. The Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Information Leading Group of the State Council, enforced fewer policy documents, but occupy higher positions in the Internet governance hierarchy; (3) China's Internet legislation system is primarily composed of industry-specific administrative rules, rather than laws or administrative regulations. Nevertheless, laws and administrative regulations received significantly more citations owing to their superior force. This paper also discussed current gaps in China's internet governance and how the country's internet policies are situated in the broader global context.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.30 no.6
• /
• pp.111-124
• /
• 2009

The importance of information media in personal lives has increased rapidly, indicating the average ages of users are becoming younger. School-age children, despite the inconsequential differences, are reported to have used the internet for their free time, information search, communications, and education. Recent researches are focused on various variables affecting internet-addictions since these problems have become a major issue in education due to prolonged use of the internet or mobile. The regulations as a preventative measure and the setting of standard are also considered as major issues of research. In terms of policy, there should be revisions on laws and regulations about the internet and mobile in order to protect school-age children from vicious environments. For the education's part, there should be appropriate amount of education, for children and their parents, on how to use computers and the internet properly and how to prevent internet-addiction.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.2171-2185
• /
• 2014

From the perspectives of regulation and convergence, several debates on the industrial definition of smart TV service in the Korean broadcasting and communications market are currently in progress. The most heated controversy mainly depends on whether smart TV is controlled under broadcasting regulations or under communications regulations. This Korean- specific problem is summarized in regulation fairness or asymmetric regulations between smart TV and IPTV operators. Although both operators utilize very similar technology and share the same business model, the regulations for only smart TV operators are unfettered. This would be an intrinsic cause that prohibits fair competition in the new converging market. Currently we confront the matter of asymmetric regulations between smart TV and others including IPTV or ISP. The purpose of this study, thus, is to provide the strategic, regulatory guidance and theoretical definitions on smart TV service, as one of converging services, based on a qualitative approach through subjectivity methodology. The study identifies three issues net neutrality, regulation fairness and new media and new market and proposes desirable promotion plans regarding those issues. The study draws lessons learned through a Korean smart TV case and provides directions to strategic-policy studies for future emergent converging services.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.21-34
• /
• 2011

Spam refers to any unwanted or unauthorized commercial messages. Spam may violate individuals' privacy or other personal rights. Spam often overloads network traffic, wastes individuals' time, lowers productivity and quality of life, and limits the trustworthiness of Internet businesses. As the use of mobile messaging services and social networking services both on mobile communication networks and on the Internet increase, newer and more complex types of IT applications and services are often used as new means of spam. In this research, the characteristics and impact of new and future forms of spam, and anti-spam related policies and regulations are surveyed. To improve the effectiveness of anti-spam policies and regulations in Korea, adding a definition of spam in the law, changing policies to focus on the 'type of services' rather on the medium of transmission, and redefining the scope of 'commercial purposes' in Korean law are suggested.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2003

This article is that we develop a learning Serpinsky Triangle using on the internet by the domain of regulations and function in elementary school mathematics. We construct the learning operation of zoom Serpinsky Triangle that can be used on the internet and develop the java program for understanding the concept of the Serpinsky Triangle.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.134-149
• /
• 2018

The number of children wearing make-up is increasing. "Children's cosmetics" is not a legal term though it is commonly used. The purpose of this study is to analyze discussions on children's cosmetics based on news articles found on the internet. This study also identifies what products are being distributed as children's cosmetics. Keyword searches were conducted using internet portal sites. Information was extracted from news articles and Best Item 100 for children's cosmetics. The results of analyzing news articles and Best Item 100 lists are as follows : 1. There were two main discussion topics in news articles. The first topic was related to marketing(the branding and trends of children's cosmetics). The other topic was about government regulations(side effects, harmful ingredients, control, regulations, attention, proper product usage, product categorization, and the overall safety of children's cosmetics). By 2014, many articles had covered government control and regulation. However, since 2017, news articles have focused on the product categorization and the concern for overall safety has dramatically increased. 2. Three different product categories have appeared in the Best Item 100; they are cosmetics, toys, and other products. In market, consumers recognized children's cosmetics as cosmetics and also as toys. Between 2017 and 2018's Best Item, other products are dramatically down, color cosmetics and single cosmetics are on the rise, and the purchase of domestic products has increased.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 2021

As drone industry increase with the advent of the 4th industrial revolution, yet ensured the safety of a drone crashing and incurring accidents which may result in significant damage to human life and assets. Thus, the authentication of drone safety is very urgent. For this reason, many countries are in need of institutional improvement in the aspect of authentication/legal systems by considering the importance of safety for drone. In this study, the regulations, research, and standards concerning drone safety are compared and analyzed. The analysis results can be used for improving the regulations of drone safety and standardization. The study can be contributed to invigorate drone industry by ensuring drone safety.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.201-208
• /
• 2022

As around the world, ground and underground transportation capacity is reaching its limit, centering on urban areas. As urban traffic becomes congested, time and cost are astronomical, and environmental destruction caused by urban pollution is becoming increasingly serious. As a way to solve this problem, the means of flying over the air are in the spotlight as the next generation of future transportation, and the concept of urban air mobility (UAM, Urban Air Mobility) is defined as systematic planning. The development of an electric-powered vertical take-off (eVTOL) aircraft that obtains electric power through a battery using a personal aerial vehicle (PAV) as a means of transportation has accelerated. As the aircraft development of new technology aircraft in the evtol method is actively carried out, the need to prepare systems such as aircraft certification standards, pilot qualification systems, and qualification management is emerging. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), which lead international standards, announced new special technical conditions and temporary regulations SCVTOL-01, respectively. However, the pilot qualification system for operating the uam aircraft has not yet been clearly announced. Therefore, this paper analyzes the recently announced FAA regulations and EASA regulations to identify differences and directions in perspectives on UAMs and study the existing vertical take-off and landing aircraft (VTOL) pilot qualification system to present directions for qualification classification.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
• /
• v.18C no.2
• /
• pp.61-70
• /
• 2011

Even though internet community is becoming the basic communication tool with rapidly changing internet environment, its damage is on the rise due to increasing spam messages of unspecified individuals. Currently, various methods to block spam mails, but studies on block spam messages from being automatically posted in community are still insufficient. This study suggested methods to block spam messages in internet community by collecting spam messages posted in internet community to analyze characteristics and frequencies of the messages and create block regulations. It collects spam messages of all messages saved in database of internet community, analyze the collected messages to create normalized rules that can define spam messages, and inspect spam messages among posted messages by using the regulations to block them. The suggested method has a structure that can block various types of spam messages by using information of spam messages collected and flexibly deal with changing spam message types.