• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.141-148
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• 2019

Purpose: The present study investigated the effects of 12-week aquatic exercise training on isokinetic muscle function of the shoulder in adolescents with cerebral palsy. Methods: The study included four male and four female adolescents with cerebral palsy. Isokinetic muscle function was measured at an angular velocity of $60^{\circ}/s$, using Biodex System VI Pro. The peak torques of internal rotation and external rotation were measured before and after training. Aquatic exercise training was performed once a day for 120 min, 4 times a week for 12 weeks. Results: The peak torque of external rotation according to body weight and mean power of internal rotation were significantly higher after training (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that 12-week aquatic training for adolescents with cerebral palsy can improve isokinetic muscle function of the shoulder. Future studies should analyze the changes in isokinetic muscle function of the shoulder in more detail using various aquatic exercise programs to investigate their effects on individuals with cerebral palsy.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.98-104
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• 2020

Objective: The shoulders are a particularly an important body part for elite boxers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the upper trapezius (UT), infraspinatus (IS) muscle tone, pain, and isokinetic muscle function of shoulder movements such as external rotation, internal rotation, protraction, and retraction according to the scapular position of elite boxers of the Korean national team. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Using the double square method, the scapular position was measured and divided into the forward scapular position group (n=8) with a measurement distance of 135 mm or more, and the normal scapular position group (n=10) with a measurement distance of less than 135 mm. Through the numeric rating scale of the subject, the pain value displayed during movement was measured. The muscle tone of the subjects' UT and IS were measured. The isokinetic muscle function of ER, IR, protraction, and retraction were measured using isokinetic exercise equipment. Results: The results of this study showed statistically significant differences when comparing muscle tone of the UT and IS, shoulder pain, isokinetic function of ER and IR, protraction, and retraction according to scapular position (p<0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study were that shoulder muscle tone, pain, and isokinetic muscle function were affected according to the scapular position of elite boxers. In the future, this information may be a useful indicator when studying the effects of medium and long-term intervention in elite boxers who possess these characteristics.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.201-205
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• 2023

Objective: Resistance exercise is a necessary element to improve quality of life, and measurement and evaluation of muscle strength provide important information for prescription and management of rehabilitation and exercise programs. This study analyzed the correlation between direct and indirect 1RM for isokinetic maximum torque of the knee joint in order to provide useful information in the field of exercise programs. In addition, the flexion-extension ratio and the difference in left-right deviation were verified. Design: A cross-sectional study Methods: The subjects of this study were 33 healthy adult men and women without medical problems who participated in the health exercise class program at S University in Seoul. The correlation between isokinetic maximum torque and direct and indirect 1RM was analyzed, and a dependent t-test was performed to analyze the flexion-extension ratio and left-right deviation. Results: There was a high correlation between the isokinetic maximum torque and direct and indirect 1RM, and no statistically significant difference was shown between the test methods in the analysis of the flexion-extension ratio and left-right deviation. Conclusions: Isokinetic muscle function measuring equipment is expensive, so it is difficult to use it in local exercise rehabilitation and training sites. Through this study, it was found that direct and indirect 1RM isokinetic maximum torque showed a high correlation, and there was no difference in evaluating muscle function such as flexion-extension ratio and left-right deviation. Therefore, it is considered that the muscle function evaluation using 1RM in general field can be usefully utilized.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.167-173
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• 2013

Purpose: To obtain the isokinetic normative data of isokinetic laboratory of department of Rehabilitation Medicine in the normal subjects for those twenties of Korea. Methods: A total of 228 volunteers participated in this study and isokinetic evaluation of knee extensors and flexors at speed $60^{\circ}/sec$ BIODEX System 3 Isokinetic Dynamometer was performed in 128 males and 100 females. Results: In the normal subjects for those twenties, Normative data were presented. Absolute muscle strength of knee-extensors and knee-flexors, Relative muscle strength, bilateral muscle strength deficit, and flexor/extensor strength ratio were presented. Conclusion: Those results expect that it will be available for patients with 20's knee diseases to apply as the basic materials for the muscle function improvement of knee extensors and flexors.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.9-16
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of kinesio taping of thigh muscle on isokinetic muscular function during closed kinetic chain exercise of lower extremity. Methods : Twenty healthy males were participated in this study. The isokinetic muscular function of closed kinetic chain were measured for peak torque, peak torque % body weight, average power, max rep tot work before and after application of kinesio taping on thigh muscles. Results : At $60^{\circ}/s$ peak force and peak force % body weight were significant increased in both extension(p<0.01) and flexion(p<0.001) after applying kinesio taping. At $180^{\circ}/s$ average power was significant increased in both extension and flexion after applying taping(p<0.001). At $240^{\circ}/s$ max rep tot work was significant increased in both extension(p<0.001) and flexion(p<0.05). Conclusion : This study suggests that application of kinesio taping on thigh muscle was more effective to improve isokinetic muscular function in closed kinetic chain exercise of lower extremity.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.166-174
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• 2014

Background: Our study was to determine the effect on shoulder isokinetic muscle strength and muscle endurance in isolated full-thickness supraspinatus tendon tear and combined other rotator cuff tear. Methods: Total of 81 male patients (mean age $57.8{\pm}7.4$ years) who were diagnosed as a full-thickness supraspinatus tendon tear were included. They were classified into isolated or combined tear. The isokinetic muscle strength and muscle endurance were measured using the Biodex multi-joint system $PRO^{(R)}$ (Biodex Medical Systems, Shirley, NY, USA) in following movements: shoulder abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, external rotation, and internal rotation. Then, the difference in muscle function according to the type of tears were assessed. Fifty-seven patients had isolated supraspinatus tendon (mean age $56.9{\pm}7.3$ years). They were classified into either anteroposterior tear or modified mediolateral tear. The size were measured using T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans in sagittal plane. Results: Between subjects categorized into the type of tear, we found significant inter-categorical differences in isokinetic muscle strength during abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, and internal rotation, and in muscle endurance during flexion, extension, and internal rotation. Anteroposterior diameter tear, we did not show significant differences in either isokinetic muscle strength or muscle endurance during any movements. However, with modified mediolateral diameter, we found significant differences with isokinetic muscle strength during adduction, and in muscle endurance the external rotation and internal rotation. Conclusions: We found that a supraspinatus tendon tear associated with more numbers of rotator cuff tears has lower isokinetic muscle strength and muscle endurance than a tear found alone.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.229-242
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• 1997

This study was performed to figure out effects of stroke rehabilitation on education using isokinetic exercise on physical function recovery. It is considered isokinetic exercise will playa primary role in muscle strength, ROM of joint, and body balance recovery for stroke rehabilitation and so far can be used as a basic references to increase the health of all people. The study consisted of 42 stroke patient(21 training group, 21 control group) diagnosed as cerebral hemorrhage from Oriental Rehabilitation Department of Kyung Hee University. Upper extremity and lower extremity exercise was performed in the training group using isokinetic ergometer. The recovery of physical function(muscle strength, ROM of joint, body balance) data between the two groups were compared and ana lysed by paired t-test are as followed. 1. Muscle testing record showed increased in the strength of elbow flexion, knee flexion, knee extension, ankle extension of the training group com paired to control group(p < .05). In the measurement of ROM, however other parts of the body motion showed no significant changes, only shoulder extension of the training group was increased(p < .05). 2. Body balance increase was highly significant in all training group compaired to control group(p<001). Based on these findings, stroke rehabilitation education with isokinetic ergometer showed available effects on recovery of physical function rehabilitation program with isokinetic exercise will play a primary role in the recovery of physical function of stroke or brain injury patients as well as to promote the health of all people.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.103-110
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• 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate effect of core stabilization exercises on the erector spinae contractile properties and trunk isokinetic muscle function of middle age with low physical activity and sedentary lifestyle. Method: Twenty (female: n=10, male: n=10) middle-age subjects (age: 37.25 ± 6.08 years, height: 168.01 ± 6.84 cm, weight: 71.37 ± 11.75 kg) participated in this study. Tensiomyography was measured on the erector spinae, and the isokinetic trunk muscle function test was measured at an angular velocity of 60 °/s and 90 °/s. All subjects performed the core stabilization exercises for 60 min per day, 3 times a week, for 7 weeks. A paired t-test was performed with a significance level of 0.05. Results: Tensiomyography of the erector spinae revealed a significant post-exercise increase in the maximum radial displacement (p < .05) and velocity of contraction (p < .05), however, there wasn't a significant post-exercise change in the contraction time. Additionally, the isokinetic muscle function test of the trunk revealed a significant post-exercise increase in trunk extensor relative strength (p < .05) and strength ratio (p < .05). Conclusion: Our results indicated that core stabilization exercises reduced erector spinae muscle stiffness, increased the velocity of erector spinae contraction. Additionally, data showed the improvement in the trunk extensor strength help induce a more balanced development in trunk muscle.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.427-435
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a brisk walking intervention for 8weeks on isokinetic muscular function factor(strength, power, endurance). The following results were found from the current study: First, Isokinetic muscle function(strength, power, endurance) on $60^{\circ}/sec$ in extension and flexion was significant exercise group and interaction in left knee flexion and right knee extension(P<.00l). Secondly, Isokinetic muscle function(strength, power, endurance) on $120^{\circ}/sec$ in extension and flexion was significant exercise group and interaction in left knee flexion and right knee extension(P<.001). Thirdly, Isokinetic muscle function(strength, power, endurance) on $180^{\circ}/sec$ in extension and flexion was significant exercise group and interaction in left knee flexion and right knee extension(P<.001). Considering the above result of the study the brisk walking had more improvement knee flexor and extensor muscular power. Therefore the brisk walking in the study can be proposed as effective plan to prevention hurt from a sarcopenia and to raise quality in life.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.278-281
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• 2022

Purpose: This study sought to compare the muscle activity of the deltoid muscle according to the range of motion during the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) upper extremity D2 pattern exercise performed with an isokinetic exercise device. The aim was to provide basic data for selecting an exercise for the relevant segment of the range of motion to enhance function in clinical practice. Methods: In this study, the relevant measurements of the anterior and middle trapezius of 25 healthy adults were taken using a surface electromyography system. The upper extremity pattern exercise was performed in three ranges (0% to 50%, 50% to 100%, and 25% to 75%) using the upper extremity isokinetic device. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the muscle activity ratios of the anterior and middle deltoid muscles according to the measurement conditions (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the activity ratio of the middle deltoid muscle according to the measurement conditions in the ratio from the start range to the end range (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the muscle onset time difference according to the measurement conditions (p>0.05). Conclusion: The muscle activity of the anterior and middle deltoid muscles was analyzed according to the range of motion during the PNF upper extremity pattern exercise performed with an isokinetic device. The results could be used as a basis for selecting exercises for the relevant segment of the range of motion according to the function to be emphasized.