• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 1971

During 1968-1970, rearing method being held yearly through was conducted to find adequate rearing season under joint projects in various areas; Chung-nam area, Kyung-buk area, Chun-nam area. The results are summarized as follows: 1. In view of rearing results, earlier transfer represents better, in spring season while early transfer worst in autumn season. If the conventional transfer sets on critical point in autumn season, the value recorded gradually decreased in earlier and later transfer and rapidly in earlier and later. 2. With rearing season, obtained results are degraded in order of spring(1st-4th), autumn(7th-10th), late autumn(11th), summer(5th) , early autumn(6th). Late autumn transfer could be delayed for about 6-7 days in southern area. 3. With referrence to rearing results alone, it may be concluded that 4 time ordinary rearing is adoptable in multi-rearing method, dividing into 2 seasons which are 2 time spring rearing(1st-3rd) and 2 time autumn rearings(8th-10th).1st period of spring rearing should be done 3-4 days ahead of the conventional transfer dates being practiced in each local, and 2nd period of spring transfer 5-6 days delayed. In autumn transfer, 2-5 days ahead and 3-6 days delayed batches tested are preferable. In branch rearing, it is recommended that 4 time branch rearing is conducted to divide into 2 seasons which are 2 time spring rearing(1st-3rd) and 2 time autumn rearing (9th-11th) and that the former is carried out in the same level of the 2 time spring rearing, latter in the same level of the conventional autumn .earing (9th) , and late autumn rearing (11th).

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.784-788
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• 2006

Purpose: For the reconstruction of the ankle joint as well as the soft tissue defect in the distal lower leg, a free flap or a local flap has been used, and because of the condition of patients, if a complex microvascular surgery under general anesthesia could not be performed, it could be reconstructed by using the distally based lateral supramalleolar fascio-cutaneous island flap using the perforating branch of the peroneal artery in the ankle area. Methods: The study subjects were 4 male patients between 53 years and 73 years of age. 2 cases were tissue defect in the medial malleolus area due to systemic diseases such as gouty arthritis accompanied traffic accident, diabetes mellitus foot, atherosclerotic obliterans, etc., 1 case was the defect in the pretibia area, and 1 case was the defect underneath the lateral malleolus, which was reconstructed by the distally based lateral supramalleolar fascio-cutaneous island flap. The donor area was the skin harvested from the groin, and the full thickness skin graft was performed. The size of the flap varied from $4{\times}3cm$ to $9{\times}6cm$. As the flap border, the medial side was to the tibialis anterior tendon, the lateral side was to the fibula crest, and the proximal area was less than the fibula size. Results: The consequence is that, in total 4 cases, the congestion in the flap began from 12 hours after the surgery, and the progression of congestion was ceased on the 5th day after the surgery, and finally epidermal bulla and sloughing, partial necrosis was developed. After the end of necrosis, the defect area was reconstructed successfully by the second full thickness skin graft. Conclusions: Although the distally based lateral supramalleolar fascio-cutaneous island flap has the shortcoming of requiring the second skin graft, it has the advantages that it does not require a long complex microsurgery, the flap itself is thin, it is similar to the color of the skin in the recipient area, and it does not leave a big scar in the donor area. Therefore, it is thought that for the cases who could not undergo a long complex surgery due to systemic diseases or the cases of patients whose condition of the recipient area is not suitable for microsurgery, the lateral supramalleolar fascio-cutaneous island flap is very useful for the reconstruction of the distal lower leg and the ankle joint area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Spine Surgery
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.185-195
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• 2018

Study Design: Literature review. Objective: Ultrasound-guided injections are a common clinical treatment for lower lumbosacral pain that are usually performed before surgical treatment if conservative treatment fails. The aim of this article was to review ultrasound-guided injections in the lumbar and sacral spine. Summary of Literature Review: Ultrasound-guided injections, unlike conventional interventions using computed tomography or C-arm fluoroscopy, can be performed under simultaneous observation of muscles, ligaments, vessels, and nerves. Additionally, they have no radiation exposure and do not require a large space for the installation of equipment, so they are increasingly selected as an alternative method. Materials and Methods: We searched for and reviewed studies related to the use of ultrasound-guided injections in the lumbar and sacral spine. Results: In order to perform accurate ultrasound-guided injections, it is necessary to understand the patient's posture during the intervention, the relevant anatomy, and normal and abnormal ultrasonographic findings. Facet joint intra-articular injections, medial branch block, epidural block, selective nerve root block, and sacroiliac joint injections can be effectively performed under ultrasound guidance. Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided injections in the lumbar and sacral spine are an efficient method for treating lumbosacral pain.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.31 no.9
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• pp.1387-1392
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• 2018

Objective: In a nucleus breeding scheme, the sire of dam's pathway plays an important role in producing genetic improvement. Selection proportion is the key parameter for predicting selection intensity, through truncating the normal distribution. Semen sexing using flow cytometry reduces the number of vials of sperm that can be obtained from a proved bull. In addition, a lower fertility of this kind of sperm is expected because of the lower sperm dosage in sex sorted semen. Both of these factors could affect the selection proportion in the sire of dam's pathway ($p_{SD}$). Methods: In the current study, through a deterministic simulation, effect of utilizing sex sorted semen on selection ($p_{SD}$) was investigated in three different strategies including 1: continuous use of sex sorted semen in heifers (CS), 2: the use of sex sorted semen for the first two (S2) and 3: the first (S1) inseminations followed by conventional semen. Results: Results indicated that the use of sex sorted semen has a negative impact on the sire of dams (SD) pathway due to increase in selection proportion. Consequently selection intensity was decreased by 10.24 to 20.57, 6.38 to 8.87 and 3.76 to 6.25 percent in the CS, S2, and S1 strategies, respectively. Conclusion: Considering the low effect of sexed semen on genetic improvement in dam pathways, it is necessary to consider the joint effect of using sex sorted semen on the sire and dams pathway to estimate about the real effect of sexed semen on genetic improvement in a nucleus breeding scheme.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.189-197
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• 2018

A discrete element approach is used to investigate the effects of confining stress on the shear behaviour of joint's bridge area. A punch-through shear test is used to model the concrete cracks under different shear and confining stresses. Assuming a plane strain condition, special rectangular models are prepared with dimension of $75mm{\times}100mm$. Within the specimen model and near its four corners, four equally spaced vertical notches of the same depths are provided so that the central portion of the model remains intact. The lengths of notches are 35 mm. and these models are sequentially subjected to different confining pressures ranging from 2.5 to 15 MPa. The axial load is applied to the punch through the central portion of the model. This testing and models show that the failure process is mostly governed by the confining pressure. The shear strengths of the specimens are related to the fracture pattern and failure mechanism of the discontinuities. The shear behaviour of discontinuities is related to the number of induced shear bands which are increased by increasing the confining pressure while the cracks propagation lengths are decreased. The failure stress and the crack initiation stress both are increased due to confining pressure increase. As a whole, the mechanisms of brittle shear failure changes to that of the progressive failure by increasing the confining pressure.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.117-125
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• 2018

After it was reorganized as the rural center revitalization project recently, there is an opinion that the nature of the project was changed to solve long-time aspired projects of some districts unlike various projects according to the previous project purposes. Therefore, this study analyzes the current status of revitalization project plans and operation monitoring to make rural center villages, establishes plans that can be applied to the rural center village revitalization project and suggests the improvement plans for monitoring. With the necessity of connectivity with centrality analysis for long-term and sustainable growth of the rural center revitalization project, the analysis on the 8 districts' centrality analysis and the function of the master plan were compared and analyzed, but there is not enough interrelation. Regarding the consulting methods for weak districts to activate facility operation after the project is implemented, the field consulting performed by the collaboration of Gyeongsangnam-do government, Gyeongnam Rural Revitalization Support Center and Gyeongnam branch of Korea Rural Community Corporation shows 87.6% of satisfaction level, which indicates it is the most effective. Based on the above results, it is necessary to reinforce the methods on resident demand survey, dimension and the reflection process of the project when preliminary plans are established for effective implementation of the rural center village revitalization project. It is also necessary to revise relevant standards not to change preliminary plans excessively during the master plan establishment process, and to oblige preliminary investigation of experts. The joint monitoring and consulting systems of experts and local governments should be applied from the establishment stage of the master plan, so that it can be sustainable rural center village revitalization project.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.111-123
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• 2013

Objectives: This study aimed to share with experiences of a demonstration program based on a community for prevention and management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and to supply the evidence of accessible strategies within the community through the public-private partnershipin the near future. Methods: This study case was "the program of registration and management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus patients" which was conducted in Hogncheon-gun in Gangwon-province, 2012. Results: The infrastructure of this center was constructed with the public-private sector partnership according to the basic model of demonstration program since November, 2012. So, the total registered rate of hypertension and diabetes mellitus patients were 26.6% in comparison with suspected patients (to the result of 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), 37.8% in comparison with the real number of outpatient (to the claims data of 2011 Branch Honcheon-gun, National Health Insurance Corporation), and 107.8% in comparison with the project goal, sequentially. To the patients who were not treated for 30 and 60 days among the registered patients, a recall service was conducted. Through this intervention, it was monitored that this program has enhanced the consecutive treatment rate of the registered patients. Conclusions: To improve the continuous management of hypertension and diabetes mellitus patients, we are gotten to know that the community need the joint participation and mutual cooperation with public-private sector partnership.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2011

Optimal treatment of the torn posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) remains controversial. The type of tibial fixation (transtibial vs inlay), the femoral tunnel position within the femoral footprint (central, eccentric or isometric), and the number of bundles in the reconstruction (single-bundle vs double-bundle) are controversial issues. The PCL has a better chance of spontaneously healing than the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) because of a rich blood supply (near the branch of the middle genicular artery) and coverage with a thicker synovium. In general, for easier passage of the graft and full visualization of the original ligament attachment site during the precise positioning of the tunnel, the remaining PCL fibers are usually debrided during reconstruction. However, the remaining remnant structures would significantly contribute to the posterior stability of the knee joint, the healing of the graft, preserving proprioceptive function of the mechanoreceptors in the PCL. Double bundle PCL reconstruction may result in some surgical complications because of increased complexity of making tunnel. Therefore, single bundle PCL reconstruction with remnant preservation seems to be an effective procedure.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.295-301
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• 2018

In various disciplines, researchers, not single researchers, tend to cooperate to study the same topic. There are many studies to analyze the collaborative form of various researchers through the social network analysis method, but there are few such studies in the computer field. In this paper, we analyze the characteristics of network and various groups of researchers through the social network analysis technique of the co-authors of the Journal of Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering, and analyze the degree centrality, the between centrality and edge weight. As a result of the analysis, many groups were extracted from the co-author's network, but the top 20 groups accounted for more than 50% of the total, also, we could find a pair of researchers who do joint research with a very high frequency. These Co-author networks are expected to be the basis for in-depth research on the subject and direction of research through future researches.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.207-232
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• 2005

This study is for an example of arbitration of a dining out franchise company in Korea and franchise system currently is expanding and developing to international trade. The main reason for that is franchising has some benefits compared to the existing trades. Korean dining-out industry has largely developed for the past 20 years, but there are little world-class company of the industry, because dining-out industry should go for qualitative as well as quantitative growth at the same time. Korean dining-out industry has adopted licensing and joint-venture among growth strategies, but the franchise system among them seems to have taken its place as a representative strategy for management to develop dining-out industry. The history of Korean dining-out franchise industry is very short and it is true that we have no a management philosophy of accompanying growth with franchise due to a short experiences and recognition of top management or managers and short-term strategy for branch expansion. For a brilliant growth of dining-out franchise industry, to settle disputes through arbitration, in case of disputes taking place, is very important, because the franchise industry is a frequent-trading sector, requires expert-level knowledge, favors a closed examination and also needs a fast solution. As the franchise industry has been sharply growing around the world, there is more possibility of disputes, and various and complicated laws of the industry are related to disputes as well, so much more expert-level knowledge is required to solve disputes. Therefore, affiliated headquarters hope a disclosed settlement of their disputes and their any disputes should be fast settled for the benefits of affiliated members.