• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.194-202
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• 2009

In this paper, we address an optimization problem and a case study for minimizing the cost of inspections incurred throughout an inspection system, which includes a K-stage inspection system, a source inspection shop, and a re-inspection shop. In order to formulate the inspection cost function, we make a time-based flow analysis between nodes (or shops), and derive the limiting sizes of flows between nodes and limiting defective rates by solving a set of nonlinear balance equations. It turns out that the number of items reworked throughout the inspection system is invariant irrespective of the defective rate of items moved through the K-stage inspection system. Hence we define the inspection cost as the total number of items inspected, and we provide an enumeration method for determining an optimal value of K which minimizes the number of items inspected.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.141-157
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• 2007

In this paper, we address a design problem and a case study of a K-stage back-light-unit(BLU) inspection system, which is composed of K stages, each of which includes an inspection process and a rework process. Assuming the type I, II errors and the inspection-free policy for items classified as good, we determine the smallest integer of K which can achieve a given target defective rate. If K does not exist, holding the current values of the type I, II errors, we search reversely the defective rate of an assembly line and the defective rate of a rework process, to meet the target defective rate. Our formulae and methodology based on a K-stage inspection system could be applied and extended to similar situations with slight modification.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.119-135
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• 2010

In this paper, we readdress the optimization problem for minimizing the inspection cost in a back-light unit inspection system, which forms a network including a K-stage inspection system, a source inspection shop, and a re-inspection shop. In order to formulate our objective function when the system is in a steady state, assuming that the number of nonconforming items in a lot follows a binomial distribution when a lot is formed for inspection, we make a steady-state network flow analysis between shops, and derive the steady-state amount of flows between nodes and the steady-state fraction defectives by solving a nonlinear balance equation. Finally we provide some fundamental properties and an enumeration method for determining an optimal value of K which minimizes our objective function. In addition, we compare our results numerically with previous ones.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.20-31
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• 1996

A pure zero-one integer program is formulated for determining where to assign the inspection stations in a multi-stage production system. The objective fuction is formulated to minimize the overall inspection costs. One of the major characteristics of this system is that an assigned inspection station is to inspect only the items produced in previous manufacturing stages. Each inspection station can be assigned to any possible inspection stage between two manufacturing stages. Error-free and screening inspection policy is assumed in this system and the defective items found in any inspection station will be reworked at once. The integer programming model presented in this paper has the advantages in the ease of modeling and modifiing as compared with the existing dymanamic programming methods. The solutions of the model can be easily obtained by the commercially available softwares like LINDO and GAMS.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.53-68
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• 2009

In this paper, we address a problem for minimizing the number of items inspected in a back-light-unit (BLU) inspection system, which includes a K-stage inspection system, a source inspection shop, and a re-inspection shop. In order to formulate our objective, we make a steady-state flow analysis between nodes (or shops), and derive the steady-state amount of flows between nodes and defective rates by solving a nonlinear balance equation. We provide an enumeration method for determining an optimal value of K which minimizes the number of items inspected. Our methodology could be applied and extended to similar situations with slight modification.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.930-937
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 단계별로 검사공정과 재가공공정으로 구성된 K단계 검사시스템의 설계문제를 다루며 사례연구를 제시한다. 검사원의 Type I과 II의 오차를 가정하고, 양품으로 분류된 제품도 재검사를 한다는 정책 하에 목표 불량률을 달성할 수 있는 가장 작은 정수인 K값을 결정한다. 만약 K값이 존재하지 않을 경우 Type I과 II의 오차는 변하지 않는다고 가정하여 목표 불량률을 달성할 수 있는 (조립생산라인의 불량률, 재가공불량률)을 역으로 탐색한다. 본고에서 제시된 K단계 검사시스템에 대한 공식과 방법론은 약간의 수정을 가한다면 유사한 검사환경에 적용할 수 있다.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.387-402
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 장기간 보관 중인 장비의 신뢰도를 유지하기 위한 2단계 주기적 검사모형을 제안하였다. 제안된 모형은 불완전한 간이검사와 완전한 정밀검사를 단계적으로 사용하여 고장이 발견되거나 검사 후 저장신뢰도가 미리 정해진 값 이하로 떨어질 때 장비에 대한 오버홀을 수행한다. 제안된 모형을 사용하여 오버홀까지의 단위시간당 기대비용을 유도하고 이를 최소화하기 위한 절차를 구하였으며, 고장시간이 지수분포 및 와이블분포를 따를 경우 제안된 모형을 1단계 주기적 검사모형과 비용함수의 다양한 모수값에 대하여 비교하였다. 또한 실제 운용 중인 유도탄 시스템에 제안된 검사정책을 적용하여 현재 사용 중인 검사정책과의 비교를 수행하였다.

• 산업공학
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2011

In this paper, we address an optimization problem for minimizing the inspection and rework cost in an inspection-rework system, which forms a network of nodes including a K-stage inspection system, storage areas for items, a source inspection shop, and a re-inspection shop. We assume that (n, 0) acceptance sampling is performed in the source inspection shop and that only 100(1-r)% of items of rejected lots are re-inspected in the re-inspection shop. Since all the nodes are interrelated, in order to formulate our steady-state objective function, we make a steady-state network flow analysis between nodes, and derive both the steady-state amount of flows between nodes and the steady-state fraction defectives by solving a nonlinear balance equation. Finally we provide some fundamental properties and an enumeration procedure for determining the optimal values of (K, r) which both minimizes our objective function and attains a given target average outgoing quality.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.657-666
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• 2020

A rotational pulse-echo ultrasonic propagation imager that can inspect cylindrical specimens for material nondestructive evaluations is proposed herein. In this system, a laser-generated ultrasonic bulk wave is used for inspection, which enables a clear visualization of subsurface defects with a precise reproduction of the damage shape and size. The ultrasonic waves are generated by a Q-switched laser that impinges on the outer surface of the specimen walls. The generated waves travel through the walls and their echo is detected by a Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) at the same point. To obtain the optimal Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of the measured signal, the LDV requires the sensed surface to be at a right angle to the laser beam and at a predefined constant standoff distance from the laser head. For flat specimens, these constraints can be easily satisfied by performing a raster scan using a dual-axis linear stage. However, this arrangement cannot be used for cylindrical specimens owing to their curved nature. To inspect the cylindrical specimens, a circular scan technology is newly proposed for pulse-echo laser ultrasound. A rotational stage is coupled with a single-axis linear stage to inspect the desired area of the specimen. This system arrangement ensures that the standoff distance and beam incidence angle are maintained while the cylindrical specimen is being inspected. This enables the inspection of a curved specimen while maintaining the optimal SNR. The measurement result is displayed in parallel with the on-going inspection. The inspection data used in scanning are mapped from rotational coordinates to linear coordinates for visualization and post-processing of results. A graphical user interface software is implemented in C++ using a QT framework and controls all the individual blocks of the system and implements the necessary image processing, scan calculations, data acquisition, signal processing and result visualization.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.37.3-37
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• 2001

The quality of a precision product, in genera, relies on the accuracy and precision of its manufacturing and inspection process. In many cases, the level of precision in the manufacturing and inspection system is also dependent on the positioning capability of tool with respect to the workpiece in the process. Recently the positioning accuracy level employed for some of precision product has reached the level of submicron and long range of motion is required. For example, for 1GDRM lithography, 20nm accuracy and 300nm stroke needs. This paper refers to the lithography stage especially fine stage. In this study, for long stroke and high accuracy, the dual servo system is proposed. For the coarse actuator, LDM(Linear DC Noter) is used and for fine or VCM is used ...