• 제목/요약/키워드: KDF

검색결과 7건 처리시간 0.02초

PRF-기반 키유도함수에서 카운터 입력 형태에 따른 증명가능 안전성 (Provable Security of PRF-based Key Derivation Functions according to Input Types of Counters)

  • 김나영;강주성;염용진
    • 정보보호학회논문지
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.547-557
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    • 2015
  • 암호 알고리즘과 암호 프로토콜은 사용되는 키들의 기밀성이 유지된다는 가정 하에서 안전성을 보장받을 수 있다. 대부분의 암호시스템에는 전반적으로 사용되는 키들을 안전하게 관리하는 키관리 메커니즘이 필수 요소로 구현되어 있으며, 키관리 메커니즘의 내부에는 하나의 마스터키로부터 더 많은 종류의 키들을 생성하는 키유도함수(KDF)가 존재한다. NIST SP 800-108에서는 PRF-기반 KDF를 표준안으로 제안하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 KDF와 암호화 운영모드에 대한 증명가능 안전성 관점의 차이를 분석하고, PRF-기반 KDF 중 Counter 모드와 Feedback 모드에 대하여 핵심함수인 PRF의 입력값으로 카운터 값이 XOR과 연접 연산 형태로 입력되는 경우를 비교하여 안전성을 규명한다. 증명가능 안전성 관점에서 카운터 값이 XOR 형태로 입력되는 경우의 KDF는 안전하지 않은 반면, 연접 연산 형태로 삽입되는 경우의 KDF는 안전함을 증명한다.

Photophysical Properties of Khellin-Dimethylfumarate C$_4$-Cyclomonoadduct

  • Shim, Sang-Chul;Kang, Ho-Kwon
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제7권6호
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    • pp.458-461
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    • 1986
  • The fluorescence intensity of khellin-dimethylfumarate C$_4$-cycloadduct (KDF) is very sensitive to temperature and to the nature of solvents, especially hydrogen-bonding ability. The fluorescence quantum yields of KDF in ethanol and isopentane at 77K are 0.73 and 0.54, respectively, both of which are much larger than the room temperature values. The phosphorescence lifetime is very long and decreases with decreasing the solvent polarity. The phosphorescence and fluorescence quantum yield ratio is very small and decreases with decreasing solvent polarity. The solvent relaxation plays an important role in the excited states of KDF. The internal conversion is a major decay process of the excited singlet state of KDF in all the solvents used at room temperature.

신경망 모델과 확률 모델의 풍수해 예측성능 비교 (Performance Comparison between Neural Network Model and Statistical Model for Prediction of Damage Cost from Storm and Flood)

  • 최선화
    • 정보처리학회논문지B
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    • 제18B권5호
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    • pp.271-278
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    • 2011
  • 최근 급증하는 기상이변 및 기후온난화 현상은 풍수로 인한 피해를 더욱 가속시키고 있어 풍수해 발생가능성을 미리 예측하여 선제적으로 대응할 방안 마련이 필요하다. 재난 재해의 위험성 분석은 주로 확률 통계기법에 기반한 수식모델 연구가 주류를 이루고 있고 소방방재청 국립방재연구소에서 구축한 태풍위원회 재해정보시스템(TCDIS: Typhoon Committee Disaster Information System) 또한 지역별 풍수해 위험성 분석에 확률모델을 활용하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 경험적 패턴인식에 탁월한 성능을 가진 신경망 알고리즘을 활용하여 개발한 풍수해 예측모델을 소개하고 이 모델과 TCDIS의 KDF 확률밀도함수를 이용한 풍수해 예측모델의 성능 비교 결과를 제시하여 기존 TCDIS의 위험성 분석기능에 신경망 모델을 적용함으로써 시스템의 강건성과 예측 정확도 향상이 가능함을 보이고자 한다.

Buckling behavior of composite cylindrical shells with cutout considering geometric imperfection

  • Heidari-Rarani, M.;Kharratzadeh, M.
    • Steel and Composite Structures
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.305-313
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    • 2019
  • Creating different cutout shapes in order to make doors and windows, reduce the structural weight or implement various mechanisms increases the likelihood of buckling in thin-walled structures. In this study, the effect of cutout shape and geometric imperfection (GI) is simultaneously investigated on the critical buckling load and knock-down factor (KDF) of composite cylindrical shells. The GI is modeled using single perturbation load approach (SPLA). First, in order to assess the finite element model, the critical buckling load of a composite shell without cutout obtained by SPLA is compared with the experimental results available in the literature. Then, the effect of different shapes of cutout such as circular, elliptic and square, and perturbation load imperfection (PLI) is investigated on the buckling behavior of cylindrical shells. Results show that the critical buckling load of a shell without cutout decreases by increasing the PLI, whereas increasing the PLI does not have a great impact on the critical buckling load in the presence of cutout imperfection. Increasing the cutout area reduces the effect of the PLI, which results in an increase in the KDF.

Comparison of Photophysical and Photochemical Properties of Khellin and 8-Methoxypsoralen

  • Ho Kwon Kang;Eun Ju Shin;Sang Chul Shim
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • 제12권5호
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    • pp.554-559
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    • 1991
  • The photophysical and photochemical properties of khellin were compared with those of 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP). Quantum yields of fluorescence and triplet formation decreases as solvent polarity increases, which is opposite to 8-MOP, and photocycloadditivity of khellin to olefins is much lower than that of 8-MOP. Electron ejection from khellin by laser flash was not observed, but observed from 8-MOP. As models of 4',5'-monoadducts of khellin or 8-MOP with thymine base, khellin<>dimethylfumarate 4',5'-monoadduct (KDF) was also compared with 8-MOP<>thymidine 4',5'-monoadduct (F-2) in those properties to give some insight on the second-step biadduct formation resulting in cross-links of DNA duplex. KDF and F-2 were very similar to khellin and 8-MOP in photophysical properties, respectively. However, KDF did not form adducts with various olefins, and thus it is thought that 2,3-double bond of chromone moiety in khellin is hardly reactive in contrast with 3,4-double bond of coumarin moiety in 8-MOP. These results indicate that khellin is fairly photostable compound, a poor type Ⅰ photodynamic sensitizer and producer of ${O_2}^{-}$ which is some cause of phototoxic erythemal reactions and undesirable side effects. Therefore khellin is safer to use than 8-MOP in photochemotherapy of some skin diseases. Although khellin is much less reactive than 8-MOP, khellin must be also a monofunctional drug. Since khellin is, however, as effective as 8-MOP in photochemotherapy of some skin diseases, it is suggested that khellin may be different from 8-MOP in the action mechanism.

LTE 네트워크에서의 IoT 장치를 위한 향상된 보안 거래 (Enhanced Secure Transaction Protocol for IoT Devices via LTE Network)

  • AL-Alkeem, Ebrahim;Yeun, Chan Yeob;Hammadi, Yousef Al;Yeun, Hyun Ku;Byon, Young-Ji
    • 전기학회논문지
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    • 제66권12호
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    • pp.1921-1936
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    • 2017
  • Internet of Thing (IoT) and NFC (Near Field Communication) have got a good adaptable structure that it can be easily combined with any wireless network. Since IoT/NFC can be used to communicate wirelessly with all the transactions that can be done remotely without any physical connections. In this paper, we propose an enhanced secure IoT/NFC protocol based on LTE network that enhances the original security level provided by the LTE. Our approach is new in a sense that it covers LTE in contrast to old networks like GSM and 3G, which substantially treated in the literature. Moreover, both GSM and 3G have several drawbacks when they are combined with the NFC technology, which has potential weakness in confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. Hence our new approach will resolve the security of the new LTE system. We expect that our protocol will result in new secure applications for the smart phone markets.

양자키분배와 RSA 암호를 활용한 이중키 설정 키유도함수 (Key Derivation Functions Using the Dual Key Agreement Based on QKD and RSA Cryptosystem)

  • 박호중;배민영;강주성;염용진
    • 한국통신학회논문지
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.479-488
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    • 2016
  • 안전한 통신 시스템을 갖추기 위해서는 안전한 암호 알고리즘의 사용과 안전한 암호키 사용이 필수적이다. 현대 암호에서는 표준화된 키유도함수(Key derivation function)를 통해 안전한 암호키를 생성한다. 최근에는 양자물리의 성질을 이용한 양자키분배(Quantum key distribution, 이하 QKD) 시스템에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있어, 현대 암호시스템의 안정성 향상에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 이러한 관점에서 양자 암호와 현대 암호를 결합한 이중키 설정에 대한 연구가 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 양자키분배(QKD)와 현대 암호시스템인 RSA를 조합하여 안전한 키를 생성하는 두 가지의 키유도함수를 제안한다. 또한, 시뮬레이션을 통하여 생성된 암호키의 엔트로피를 측정하는 방법으로 제안한 키유도함수의 유효성을 살펴본다.