• Journal of Korean language education
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.47-75
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• 2012

Korean Studies in China is centered on Korean language program and is very successful, creating and instilling positive images of Korea. In China, Korean Studies means both North Korea and South Korea and is called "Korean Studies," "Chosun Studies," "Peninsula Studies" or "Chosun Peninsula Studies." Korean Studies includes international economics, South Korea-North Korea relations, Korea-China relations, centering on international relations as well as domestic issues of South Korea and North Korea. It has continued to develop despite limitations due to South and North Koreas' domestic political situations. However, changing in Korea-China relations is an important factor in expansion of Korean Studies. According to the time period, subjects and the areas of studies vary, significantly affecting the results. Despite the fact that Korean Studies in China has experienced identity crisis, it continues to maintain Chinese perspective, endeavoring to form Chinese Studies School. It is developing to promote friendship and cooperation between the two countries as well as to enhance economic ties. Presently researching on Korean Studies and Korean language education in China is influenced by practical motives and needs, rather than pure academic purposes. This study analyzes what Korean Studies in China means and how it has progressed. After examining Chinese scholars' identities and differences in their approaches, I plan to propose the direction for Korean Studies in China.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.80-103
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• 2015

Background: This study investigated current research trends in bee venom acupuncture in Korea. Materials and methods: The literature in Korea was reviewed using the search engines Science and Technology Society Village, Korean Studies Information Service System, National Discovery for Science Leaders, and Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System. The keywords searched were "bee venom," "apitoxin," "apitherapy," and "bee sting." We selected 412 studies, which included Korean literary studies, experimental studies, and clinical studies. Results: We classified them by publication year, research type, disease and topic, and quality assessment. Among bee venom-related studies, clinical studies (235 studies) outnumbered experimental studies (149 studies) and literary studies (28 studies). Nineteen experimental studies concentrated on the theme of "anticancer." In the type analysis of clinical studies, lumbar disorders comprised 45 of 235 studies, followed by the effect on body. Forty-two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been published from 2003 to date (2015). Twenty-two studies used appropriate randomization methods. Fourteen studies had a Jadad score of 4-5 points; 15 studies, 1-3 points; and 13 studies, 0 points. Conclusions: Bee venom treatment is based on Korean traditional medicine theory. Numerous research studies suggest its effectiveness. Effort and academic approach on bee venom are expected to receive a positive evaluation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.868-877
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• 1996

This study was done to analyze research trends and to suggest future perspectives for nursing research on fatigue. The author reviewed 31 Korean and foreign research papers which have been published in the literature since 1970. An analysis of the study focused on the type of research subjects, type of study design. measurement instrument, and its correlated parameters. The results of the study are summarized as follows : First, within all of the studies analayzed, 14 studies were publised in Korea and 17 were published abroad. The number of studies done abroad have been increasing rapidly since 1991. Second, an analysis of the research design of the studies showed, eight studies each, Korean and foreign used survey design. Two Korean studies and seven foreign studies used a correlational design. Four comparative studies were done in Korea, but only two experimetal studies were performed abroad. Therefore, it was found that the trend of the study design used is survey design and there are more correlational studies done abroad than in Korea. Third, the type of the study subjects ; 11 Korean and three foreign studies dealt with healthy people. In addition, three Korean and 14 foreign studies investigated patients with various illnesses. It was found that patients with various illnesses were studied more frequently in foreign studies than in Korean studies. Fourth, the measurement tool used in the Korean studies ; 13 studies used a testible tool to assess patients' subjective symtoms or complaints of fatigue. The most commonly used tool used in 10 studies, was the Fatigue Self-Perception Scale, which was designed by the Labor and Health Institute of Japan. The Visual Analogue Scale was used in two studies, and Piper Fatigue Scale, addtional with physiologic parameters, was used in one study. In the foreign studies, subjective measurement tools were used in 16 studies. A combination of a subjective measurement tool with objective parameters was used in ten studies. For the subjective measurement tool used in the foreign studies, a specific measurement tool developed by the researcher which was used in seven studies. Either Rhoten Fatigue Scale or the Visual Analog Scale were used in three studies. Additionally, in order to identify the relationship between fatigue and psychological factors, The Profile of Mood State was used in three studies. Beck Depression Inventory was used in two studies. The Self Rated Depression Scale, developed by Zung, was used in one study and other measurement tools were used to measure various psychological parameters. Rhoten fatigue Checklist was also used to observe behavior patterns. Lastly, nine studies identified correlations between fatigue and other parameters. A significant correlation was found between fatigue and psychological factors such as depression, and pain. As a result of the above findings, it can be said that research trends on fatigue are increasing internationally. The selected study designs are survey studies both in Korea and abroad. There are more correlational studies abroad than in Korea. In addition, subjective measurement tools and objective parameters are used variously and combined with each other. had, there is a significant correlation between fatigue and psychological factors such as depression, and pain. More survey and correlational studies need to be done to identify the relationship of fatigue in patients with various condition or diagnoses and to suggest a scientific basis for nursing interventions with fatigue. Also, a tool to assess patient's subjective, objective, and behavioral aspects on fatigue needs to be developed.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to review the studies of musculotendinous releasing manual therapy and suggestions for clinical application. Methods: Derive research questions using the scoping review methodology. Searching for related studies, the studies were selected, and the data were analyzed and reported. We searched domestic database for studies on musculotendinous releasing manual therapy reported till April 2023. We reviewed 82 studies excluding duplicate studies and 13 studies were selected. Results: Five studies were literature studies and eight studies were clinical studies. Among the five literature studies, two studies investigating and analyzing general manual therapy, one study investigating manual therapy applied to frozen shoulders, and one systematic literature review to investigate the economic effects of manual therapy, one study using tools. There was one study examining research trends in manual therapy. Eight clinical studies were conducted on patients with Achilles tendinitis, tennis elbow, meralgia paresthetica and obesity. Conclusions: Musculotendinous releasing manual therapy is thought to be applicable not only to musculoskeletal disease but also to changes in body shape due to connective tissue.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.271-296
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• 1992

The purposes of this study were 1) to identify patterns and trends of studies of anxiety and stress and 2) to provide direction on which to base further research. Research studies of anxiety and stress were selected from journals of medical and nursing schools, the Korean Nurse, the Korean Nurses' Academic Society Journal, the Central Journal of Medicine, the New Medical Journal, Monthly Nurse, and from theses and dissertations, which had been conducted for the 20 years from 1970 to 1990. The total population of the studies numbered 463. Seven studies were excluded from the analysis because of duplication, so that 252 studies of anxiety and 204 of stress were analyzed. These studies were analyzed for 1) time of publication or presentation, 2) research design, 3) characteristics of subjects used in each study, 4) types of correlated variables, and 5) types of nursing interventions. Findings obtained in the study were as follows : 1. The number of studies related to anxiety and stress has increased rapidly since the early 1980's. 2. The studies were primarily descriptive throughout the 20 years. However, correlational studies, comparative studies and experimental studies slowly increased. 3. Anxiety studies tend to be conducted more on patients and stress studies with normal subjects in non - experimental research. However, experimental studies were conducted more with patients than with normal subjects. 4. In correlational studies, the trend was to study physical conditions in relation to anxiety, and coping and adaptation in relation to stress. 5. In experimental studies, teaching and information therapy and relaxation were the most popular interventions for anxiety, and supportive care for stress. On the bases of these findings, the following recommendations were made : 1. These patterns of studies related to anxiety and stress in Korea need to be compared with studies conducted in other countries. 2. More attention is needed in terms of research design, reliability and validity of tools, and results of statistical analysis. 3. Meta -analysis should be done to analyze and integrate the results of various studies. 4. For theory testing and identification of useful intervention methods, experimintal studies with the same protocols must be conducted rather than more descriptive studies.

• Journal of Korean Medical Ki-Gong Academy
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.146-165
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of this review is to overview and evaluate the trends of the studies in J. of The Korean Academy of Medical Gi-Gong. Methods : All 186 articles' headlines and abstracts from voI.1(1996) to Vol.17(20l7) were evaluated and classified. The dataset was searched from the Hompage of the Korean Academy of Medical Gi-Gong. Results : 1. In the type of study, the literature studies consisted of 67%(126studies), clinical studies 21%(39), experimental studies 12%(22) in order. 2. Gigong classification was 60.96%(114studies) while Non-Gigong classification was 37.04%(73studies). 3. In Gigong classification, General Gigong took the largest part and there were no Taoist Sexual Practices studies. 4. In Non-Gigong classification, Obstetrics & Gynecology & Pediatrics took the largest part by 25 studies(12.37%). An-Kyo-Hak was the second largest by 24 studies(11.88%). 5. Analysis Research(112 studies, 59.89%) took the largest part in study method. Conclusions : 1. The Korean Academy of Medical Gi-Gong published average 8.9 studies per year(187 studies per 21 years). 2. Following the object of The Korean Academy of Medical Gi-Gong, 114 studies(60.96%) of total 187 studies, published by J. of The Korean Academy of Medical Gi-Gong, were associated to Gigong. 3. In Non-Gigong classification, 25 studies about Obstetrics & Gynecology & Pediatrics, 24 studies about An-Kyo-Hak, 16 studies about Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine and Meridian & Acupoint Study were published by J. of The Korean Academy of Medical Gi-Gong. 4. In Gigong classification, studies about Meditation and External Gigong Therapy were insufficient. There are even no studies about Taoist Sexual Practices. We need more studies about those categories to come.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.25-42
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• 2017

Objectives The goal of this review was to investigate clinical, experimental and literature studies of Korean medicine on atopic dermatitis (AD) of Korean children in Korean medicine literature, seeking for the better research methods for more effective treatments. Methods Electronic investigations were practiced on AKOP (The Association of Korean Oriental Pediatrics, http://www.akop.or.kr) to collect theses which were published by J Pediatr Korean Med. The key word 'Atopy' was used for searching to ensure that every related thesis was collected. The publication date was limited from 1996 to 2016. The selected literatures were assessed mainly according to distributions of study type, publication year, scale, treatment and its efficacy. Results 55 papers were selected from 59 studies. In these collected 55 related theses, there were 29 experimental studies (52.73%), 18 clinical studies (32.73%), 8 review studies (14.55%). In the 29 experimental studies, there were 20 studies (68.97%) using NC/Nga mouse as subjects. The mite antigen was used to trigger AD by 8 studies (27.59%). The studies have been utilizing DNCB and DNFB instead of mite antigen since 2011. All the experimental studies showed that the Korean medicine was effective in AD. In total 18 clinical studies, 3 studies (16.67%) were case reports, only 1 thesis (5.56%) was conducted by case control study and the rest were case series studies. 7 studies (38.89%) of 18 studies diagnosed AD according to Hanifin and Rajka's diagnostic criteria (1980), only 1 study (5.56%) according to the Korean standard and the rest 10 studies (55.56%) didn't mention diagnostic criteria. 12 clinical studies (66.67%) showed efficacy in treating AD. There were 10 studies (55.56%) only employing internal treatments and 1 thesis (5.56%) didn't mention the exact prescription. Naesowhajungtang-kamibang, Saenghyeoryunbue-um were used 3 times (16.67%) as the internal medicine respectively. 5 theses (27.78%) were combined with acupuncture therapy. Hegu (LI4), Sanyinjiao (SP6) were used in 4 theses, and Taichong (LR3), Quchi (LI11), Zusanli (ST36) in 3 theses. The number of acupoints chosen from The Spleen meridian of Foot-Taiyin was the largest. There were 8 review theses. 2 were about the foreign oriental medicine, 3 were about the external medicine or external treatment methods, and 3 other studies were about severity scoring systems, the methodological study in the latest clinical study, overview for pattern and results of herbal medicine-derived AD clinical researches. Conclusions The experimental studies and clinical studies showed the effectiveness of Korean medicine treatments. However, this study still needs improving by conducting more comparative studies and using better research methods, in order to find more effective treatments to improve clinical efficacy.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.229-243
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• 2002

This study aimed at compare analyzing the trend of research in Korea and Other Country on Pain in Children, suggesting direction future pain research, and contributing to the use of pain intervention in nursing practice. Research studies on pain in children were selected from Korean Nures' Academic Society Journal, Korean Pediatric Nursing Academic Society Journal, dissertations, and contected using the MEDLINE between 1980 to April, 2002. The number of the 16 studies in Korea with 36 studies in other country. So, The number of the total studies were 52. There studies were analyzed for 1) the present condition of research studies 2) Research subject 3) Types of condition (Situation) in pain 4) Measurement Tools 5) Types of nursing interventions and 6) Research design. The findings of the analysis can be summerized as follows : 1) The number of the studies insufficient in Korea(16 studies) compare to other country (36 studies). 2) Research subjetcs were mostly patients and preschool, schoolage children(12 studies, 26 studies). 3) Types of condition(situation) in pain were First, related to injection(IM, IV, Blood Sampling)(6 studies, 14 studies) second, related to operation (4 studies, 11 studies) third, related to heelstick in neonates (3 studies, 6 studies). 4) As measurement tools for pain were mostly FPRS(facial pain rating scale) used to studies (9 studies, 11 studies), and more than two tools used. Mostly used to heart rate at studies. 5) Types of nursing intervention, Teaching and information were most popular intervention for pain in Korea(4 studies), and distraction was most popular intervention for pain in the other country(14 studies). 6) Research design, The experimental research were most popular studies in Korea and the other country. The following suggestions made based on the above findings : Need to researches about pain of children's chronic disease.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.88-102
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• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this study is to review domestic clinical studies about dizziness in Korean medicine. Methods : Population key words "현훈(Hyeonhoon), 현기증(Hyeongijeung), 어지럼(Eojireom), 어지러움(Eojireoum), 실신(Silsin), 眩暈(Hyeonhoon), 眩氣症(Hyeongijeung), 失神(Silsin)" were searched on five database systems(DBpia, KISS, KMbase, NDSL, RISS) from September, 13th to September, 15th, 2016. 60 clinical studies were collected and classified by published journal, year, etiologic disease, study design, dizziness assessment tools of studies, study results, evaluation of disease pattern and process, interventions(herbal medicine and acupuncture treatment points), and number of studies which chose that prescription. Results & Conclusions : Dizziness was researched constantly since 1998 and 7 clinical stuides were issued 2007, the most. The journal which the most studies were presented was Journal of korean oriental internal medicine(12 studies over 60, 20%). Original article were 12(20.0%) and case reports were 48(80.0%) among 60 studies. BPPV was reported as a etiologic disease on 9 studies(20.45%) among 44 studies. VAS was used mainly as dizziness assessment tools of studies(26 studies over 38, 68.42%). 9 studies(15.0%) got evaluation of disease pattern and process among 60. Banhabaekchulcheonma-tang was reported as a herbal medicine prescription on 9 over 44 studies(20.45%) and ST36 was chosen acupuncture point most(24 over 45 studies, 53.33%). It doesn't have enough representativenes but has meaning to apprehend present tendency to treat dizziness in Korean medicine clinical studies.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.19-29
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• 2021

Objectives To investigate the trends in clinical study on rheumatoid arthritis in all academic fields in Korea. Methods We searched seven Korean web databases for clinical studies published from 2008 to 2021. All identified studies were reviewed and classified by the year of publication, academic field, and study design. Results A total of 347 clinical studies were selected. An average of 26.7 studies were published each year. Regarding the distribution of studies by academic fields, 309 studies were published in the medical field and 17 studies were published during the same period in Korean medicine, and 21 studies were published in other fields. The distribution of studies by study design was as follows: 8 studies, meta-analyses; 5 studies, systematic reviews; 16 studies, experimental studies; and 318 studies, observational studies. Conclusions Multidisciplinary access and management are required for the early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, effective management of disease progression, and prevention of rheumatoid joint deformities. Additionally, study design with high-level of evidence on the intervention of rheumatoid arthritis are warranted.