• Title/Summary/Keyword: LCD

Search Result 3,524, Processing Time 0.03 seconds

Development of Large-area Plasma Sources for Solar Cell and Display Panel Device Manufacturing

  • Seo, Sang-Hun;Lee, Yun-Seong;Jang, Hong-Yeong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
    • /
    • 2011.08a
    • /
    • pp.148-148
    • /
    • 2011
  • Recently, there have been many research activities to develop the large-area plasma source, which is able to generate the high-density plasma with relatively good uniformity, for the plasma processing in the thin-film solar cell and display panel industries. The large-area CCP sources have been applied to the PECVD process as well as the etching. Especially, the PECVD processes for the depositions of various films such as a-Si:H, ${\mu}c$-Si:H, Si3N4, and SiO2 take a significant portion of processes. In order to achieve higher deposition rate (DR), good uniformity in large-area reactor, and good film quality (low defect density, high film strength, etc.), the application of VHF (>40 MHz) CCP is indispensible. However, the electromagnetic wave effect in the VHF CCP becomes an issue to resolve for the achievement of good uniformity of plasma and film. Here, we propose a new electrode as part of a method to resolve the standing wave effect in the large-area VHF CCP. The electrode is split up a series of strip-type electrodes and the strip-type electrodes and the ground ones are arranged by turns. The standing wave effect in the longitudinal direction of the strip-type electrode is reduced by using the multi-feeding method of VHF power and the uniformity in the transverse direction of the electrodes is achieved by controlling the gas flow and the gap length between the powered electrodes and the substrate. Also, we provide the process results for the growths of the a-Si:H and the ${\mu}c$-Si:H films. The high DR (2.4 nm/s for a-Si:H film and 1.5 nm/s for the ${\mu}c$-Si:H film), the controllable crystallinity (~70%) for the ${\mu}c$-Si:H film, and the relatively good uniformity (1% for a-Si:H film and 7% for the ${\mu}c$-Si:H film) can be obtained at the high frequency of 40 MHz in the large-area discharge (280 mm${\times}$540 mm). Finally, we will discuss the issues in expanding the multi-electrode to the 8G class large-area plasma processing (2.2 m${\times}$2.4 m) and in improving the process efficiency.

  • PDF

Disease monitoring of wild marine fish and crustacea caught from inshore and offshore Korea in 2018 (2018년 국내 연근해 수산생물의 전염병 모니터링)

  • Hwang, Seong Don;Lee, Da-Won;Chun, Won Joo;Jeon, Hae-Ryeon;Kim, Dong Jun;Hwang, Jee-Youn;Seo, Jung-Soo;Kwon, Mun-Gyoung;Ji, Hwan-Sung;Kim, Jung Nyun;Jee, Bo-Young
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
    • /
    • v.37 no.4
    • /
    • pp.474-482
    • /
    • 2019
  • Disease monitoring in wild aquatic animals is necessary to obtain information about disease occurrence, disease agents, and the transmission of diseases between wild and cultured species. In this study, we monitored viral diseases in wild marine fish and crustacea caught by trawl in Korea in April and October 2018. We monitored the viral diseases in 977 fish from 39 different species and 287 crustacea from 14 different species. In fish, we collected kidney and spleen to detect viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), marine birnavirus (MABV), hirame rhabdovirus (HRV), and lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV). In crustacea, we monitored white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV), taura syndrome virus (TSV), infectious myonecrosis virus (IMNV), yellowhead disease virus (YHDV), and white tail disease virus (WTDV) using pleopods, pereiopods, gills, muscle, and hepatopancreases. Although none of the viral diseases tested in this study were detected in the samples, these results will help disease control between aquaculture species and wild aquatic animals.

Studies on Ethylene and Styrene Copolymerizations with Dinuclear Constrained Geometry Complexes; Effects of Length of Bridge (두 금속 Constrained Geometry Complexes을 이용한 에틸렌과 스티렌 공중합 연구; 다리결합 길이의 영향)

  • Yoon Keun-Byoung;Bae Sang-Geun;Lee Chul-Woo;Noh Seok-Kyun;Lee Dong-Ho
    • Polymer(Korea)
    • /
    • v.30 no.5
    • /
    • pp.432-436
    • /
    • 2006
  • The new dinuclear CGC (constrained geometry complexes) with indenyl and methyl sub-stituted indenyl and polymethylene bridge have been synthesized, and the copolymerization of ethylene and styrene has been studied in the presence of methylalumionoxane. The activity of 12-methylene and 9-methylene bridged dinuclear CGC were 4 times higher than that of 6-methylene bridged dinucleay CGC. This result might be understood by the implication that the steric effect rather than the electronic effect nay play a major role to direct the polymerization behavior of the dinuclear CGC. The dinuclear CGCs are very efficient to incorporate styrene in backbone. The styrene contents in the formed co-polymers ranged from 6 to 45 mol% according to the polymerization conditions. The melting temperature of copolymers disappeared at high content of styrene (about 11 mol%) There is no styrene-styrene diblock sequence in copolymers. This result Indicates that the dinuclear CGC are very effective to generate random copolymer of ethylene and styrene.

Synthesis and Anaiysis of Photohnninescence Properties of $^5D_1$$^7F_1$ Transition in $LaGaO_3$:$Eu^{3+}$ Red Phosphor ($LaGaO_3$:$Eu^{3+}$형광체의 합성 및 발광 특성)

  • Kim, Kyoung Hwa;Choi, Yoon Young;Sohn, Kee Sun;Kim, Chang Hae;Park, Hee Dong;Choe, Se Young
    • Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • v.44 no.5
    • /
    • pp.453-459
    • /
    • 2000
  • FED has deserved an intensive attentioD as a new flat panel display. The present investigationaims at undemtanding the photoluminescence and cathodoluminescent properties of hGaO$_3$: $Eu^{3+}$ phosphor bytaking into account the possibility that this phosphor could be applied for FED. In onler to investigate on.sucha detailed behavior; 8everM experimental skil18 Je conducted to the LaGaO$_3$:$Eu^{3+}$ phosphoL The excimtion srectrum artd emission spectmn were rnezsured in the UV range and then decay curve of $^5D_0$+$^7F_j$transitions\vas examined. The decay behavior of $^5D_0$ emission was anMyzed by a newly Iuoposed cross-relaxation mech-ani8In in asswiation with inteFwnter di1ffision (or migration). The cross-mlaxation from $^5D_0$ to CTB (Cha'geTransfer Band) wuld be a quite retsonable by considering the excitation spectrum. It could be also found thatthe quenching type was changed from ditfrsion controlled process to the direct quenching process -s inJeasing $Eu^{3+}$ oncntration.

  • PDF

Measurements on Transient Mixing Concentrations of Two Fuel Oils using a Quantitative Flow Visualization Technique (정량적 유동가시화 기술을 이용한 이종연료유 과도 혼합 농도분포 측정)

  • Yum, Joo-Ho;Doh, Deog-Hee;Cho, Gyeong-Rae;Min, Seong-Ki;Kim, Myung-Ho;Ryu, Gyong-Won
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
    • /
    • v.23 no.4
    • /
    • pp.364-372
    • /
    • 2012
  • Transient mixing states of two different fuel oils, dimethylformamide (DMF) oil and JetA1 oil, were investigated by using a color image processing and a neural network. A tank ($D{\times}H$, $310{\times}370mm$) was filled with JetA1 oil. The DMF oil was filled at a top tank, and was mixed with the JetA1 oil in the tank mixing tank via a sudden opening which was performed by nitrogen gas with 1.9 bar. An impeller was rotated with 700 rpm for mixing enhancements of the two fuel oils. To visualize the mixing state of the DMF oil with the JetA1 oil, the DMF oil was coated with Rhodamine B whose color was red. A LCD monitor was used for uniform illumination. The color changes of the DMF oil were captured by a camcoder and the images were transferred to a host computer for quantifying the information of color changes. The color images of two mixed oils were captured with the camcoder. The R, G, B color information of the captured images was used to quantify the concentration of the DMF oil. To quantify the concentration of the DMF oil in the JetA1 oil, a calibration of color-to-concentration was carried out before the main experiment was done. Transient mixing states of DMF oil with the JetA1 oil since after the sudden infiltration were quantified and characterized with the constructed visualization technique.

Development of Nondestructive Evaluation System for Internal Quality of Watermelon using Acoustic Wave (음파를 이용한 비파괴 수박 내부품질 판정 시스템 개발)

  • Choi, Dong-Soo;Lee, Young-Hee;Choi, Seung-Ryul;Kim, Gi-Young;Park, Jong-Min
    • Food Science and Preservation
    • /
    • v.16 no.1
    • /
    • pp.1-7
    • /
    • 2009
  • Watermelons (Citrulus vulgaris Schrad) are usually sorted manually by weight, appearance, and acoustic impulse, so grading of maturity and internal quality is subject to inaccuracies. It was necessary to develop a nondestructive evaluation technique of internal watermelon quality to reduce human error. Thus, acoustic characteristics related to internal quality factors were analyzed. Among these factors, three (ripeness, presence of an internal cavity, and blood-colored flesh) were selected for evaluation. The number of peaks and the sum of peak amplitudes for watermelons with blood-colored flesh were lower than for normal fruits. The portable evaluation system has an impact mechanism, a microphone sensor, a signal processing board, an LCD panel, and a battery. A performance test was conducted in the field. The internal quality evaluation model showed 87% prediction accuracy. Validation was conducted on 72 samples. The accuracy of quality evaluation was 83%. The quality of samples was evaluated by an inspector using conventional methods (hitting the watermelon and listening to the sounds), and then compared with prototype results. The quality evaluation accuracy of the prototype was better than that of the inspector. This nondestructive quality evaluation system could be useful in the field, warehouse, and supermarket

Effects of Low-Calorie Diet Including High Protein-Low Carbohydrate Protein Bar on Weight Loss and Serum Lipid Indicators in Overweight Women according to Dietary Compliance (고단백 저탄수화물식 프로틴바를 이용한 저칼로리 다이어트가 순응 정도에 따라 과체중 여성의 체중감량과 혈청 지질지표에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Dasom;Lee, Hyun Joo;Son, Sook Mee
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
    • /
    • v.24 no.6
    • /
    • pp.485-496
    • /
    • 2019
  • Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a 6-week low-calorie diet (LCD) program including high protein-low carbohydrate protein bar on weight loss, blood pressure, and blood lipid profile in 40 overweight women according to dietary compliance. Methods: Subjects were 62 healthy overweight women (BMI ≥ 23.0 or body fat percentage ≥ 28%), aged 20~59 yrs who were provided a high protein-low carbohydrate protein bar (each 35 g, 154 kcal, protein energy %: 28.6%, carbohydrate energy %: 38.7%) as part of dinner for 6 weeks. Forty subjects who completed the whole diet program were categorized into high compliance (HC) group (days of eating protein bar ≥ 5 weeks) or low compliance (LC) group (days < 5 weeks). Results: Energy intake significantly decreased from 1,867.5 kcal at baseline to 1,137.4 kcal at 6 weeks for the HC group and from 1,971.7 kcal to 1,362.2 kcal for the LC group, respectively. On the other hand, a significant increase in protein energy percentage was observed in each group (HC group: 3.5%, LC group: 2.2%). Both groups showed significant decreases in weight (HC group: 1.8 kg, LC group: 1.1 kg), BMI, fat mass, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol. Reduction of body fat percentage and diastolic blood pressure were only observed in the HC group. Conclusions: The inclusion of a high protein-low carbohydrate protein bar as part of a low-calorie diet for a short period can be effective to achieve weight loss and concomitantly improve blood cholesterol level without serious physiological side effects. More evident results can be achieved by eating a diet with low calorie diet including high protein-low carbohydrate protein bar for more than 5 weeks.

Cu dry etching by the reaction of Cu oxide with H(hfac) (Cu oxide의 형성과 H(hfac) 반응을 이용한 Cu 박막의 건식식각)

  • Yang, Hui-Jeong;Hong, Seong-Jin;Jo, Beom-Seok;Lee, Won-Hui;Lee, Jae-Gap
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
    • /
    • v.11 no.6
    • /
    • pp.527-532
    • /
    • 2001
  • Dry etching of copper film using $O_2$ plasma and H(hfac) has been investigated. A one-step process consisting of copper film oxidation with an $O_2$ plasma and the removal of surface copper oxide by the reaction with H(hfac) to form volatile Cu(hfac)$_2$ and $H_2O$ was carried but. The etching rate of Cu in the range from 50 to 700 /min was obtained depending on the substrate temperature, the H(hfac)/O$_2$ flow rate ratio, and the plasma power. The copper film etch rate increased with increasing RF power at the temperatures higher than 215$^{\circ}C$. The optimum H(hfac)/O$_2$ flow rate ratio was 1:1, suggesting that the oxidation process and the reaction with H(hfac) should be in balance. Cu patterning using a Ti mask was performed at a flow rate ratio of 1:1 on 25$0^{\circ}C$\ulcorner and an isotropic etching profile with a taper slope of 30$^{\circ}$was obtained. Cu dry patterning with a tapered angle which is necessary for the advanced high resolution large area thin film transistor liquid-crystal displays was thus successfully obtained from one step process by manipulating the substrate temperature, RF power, and flow rate ratio.

  • PDF

Efficient Local Decoding Using Bit Stream Map for High Resolution Video (비트 스트림 지도를 이용한 고해상도 영상의 효율적인 지역복호화)

  • Park Sungwon;Won Jongwoo;Lee Sunyoung;Kim Wookjoong;Kim Kyuheon;Jang Euee S
    • Journal of Broadcast Engineering
    • /
    • v.9 no.4 s.25
    • /
    • pp.391-401
    • /
    • 2004
  • In this paper, we introduce a novel coding method to efficiently enable spatial random access for high resolution video. In terms of resolution and display size, standard display devices (such as cathode-ray tubes. monitors. PDAs, and LCDs) do not sufficiently support high resolution video such as digital cinema and panoramic video. Currently, users have no choice but to view video at lower resolution as a result of down-sampling, or only a partial region of the video due to display size limitations. Our proposed method. which we call the B-map, represents the set of starting locations of the coded segments in a picture frame. This information, or B-map, is first sent to the decoder prior to the coded data stream of the frame and is then used for fast local decoding. To test our method, we compare our B-map with JPEG tiling and the JPEG Resynchronization marker. Experimental results show that the proposed coding method requires less overhead than existing methods during the same decoding time. The results show promise for future panoramic or digital cinema applications.

Development of a Prototype Patient Monitoring System with Module-Based Bedside Units and Central Stations: Overall Architecture and Specifications (모듈형 환자감시기와 중앙 환자감시기로 구성되는 환자감시시스템 시제품의 개발: 전체구조 및 사양)

  • Woo, E.J.;Park, S.H.;Jun, B.M.;Moon, C.W.;Lee, H.C.;Kim, S.T.;Kim, H.J.;Seo, J.J.;Chae, K.M.;Park, J.C.;Choi, K.H.;Lee, W.J.;Kim, K.S.
    • Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
    • /
    • v.1996 no.05
    • /
    • pp.315-319
    • /
    • 1996
  • We have developed a prototype patient monitoring system including module-based bedside units, interbed network, and central stations. A bedside unit consists of a color monitor and a main CPU unit with peripherals including a module controller. It can also include up to 3 module cases and 21 different modules. In addition to the 3-channel recorder module, six different physiological parameters of ECG, respiration, invasive blood pressure, noninvasive blood pressure, body temperature, and arterial pulse oximetry with plethysmogaph are provided as parameter modules. Modules and a module controller communicate with up to 1Mbps data rate through an intrabed network based on RS-485 and HDLC protocol. Bedside units can display up to 12 channels of waveforms with any related numeric informations simultaneously. At the same time, it communicates with other bedside units and central stations through interbed network based on 10Mbps Ethernet and TCP/IP protocol. Software far bedside units and central stations fully utilizes gaphical user interface techniques and all functions are controlled by a rotate/push button on bedside unit and a mouse on central station. The entire system satisfies the requirements of AAMI and ANSI standards in terms of electrical safety and performances. In order to accommodate more advanced data management capabilities such as 24-hour full disclosure, we are developing a relational database server dedicated to the patient monitoring system. We are also developing a clinical workstation with which physicians can review and examine the data from patients through various kinds of computer networks far diagnosis and report generation. Portable bedside units with LCD display and wired or wireless data communication capability will be developed in the near future. New parameter modules including cardiac output, capnograph, and other gas analysis functions will be added.

  • PDF