• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.171-188
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• 2006

This paper deals with damage detection using active Lamb waves. The wavelet transform and empirical mode decomposition methods are discussed for measuring the Lamb wave's arrival time of the group velocity. An experimental system to diagnose the damage in the composite plate is developed. A method to optimize this system is also given for practical applications of active Lamb waves, which involve optimal arrangement of the piezoelectric elements to produce single mode Lamb waves. In the paper, the single mode Lamb wave means that there exists no overlapping among different Lamb wave modes and the original Lamb wave signal with the boundary reflection signals. Based on this optimized PZT arrangement method, five damage localizations on different plates are completed and the results using wavelet transform and empirical mode decomposition methods are compared.

• Composites Research
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2005

본 논문은 램파(Lamb waves)를 이용한 능동검사시스템을 구조 건전성 모니터링 시스템에 적용하기 위하여 램파의 특성연구를 수행하였다 연구는 보다 실제 구조물에 근접한 구조물을 고려하여 두께변화가 있는 준등방성 복합재 평판을 대상으로 PZT 탐촉자(transducer)를 표면에 부착하여 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 두께변화로 인한 램파의 전파특성을 분석하기 위하여 간단하지만 새로운 기법을 적용하였다 본 연구의 결과는 램파의 전파특성은 상대적으로 얇은 구조물에 민감하였고 두께변화가 램파의 전파에 미치는 영향을 보여 주었다. 또한 본 연구에 사용한 분석기법은 램파를 이용한 구조 건전성 모니터링에 적용할 수 있는 가능성을 보여주었다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.1120-1131
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• 2011

Researches using time reversal acoustics(TRA) for impact localization have been paid attention to recently. Dispersion characteristics of Lamb waves, which restrict the utility of classical nondestructive evaluation based on time-of-flight information, can be compensated through the application of TRA to Lamb waves on a plate. This study investigates the spatial focusing performance of time reversal Lamb waves on a plate using finite element analysis. In particular, the virtual sensor effect caused by multiple wave reflections at the boundaries of a plate is shown to enable the spatial focusing of Lamb waves though a very small number of surface-bonded piezoelectric(PZT) sensors are available. The time window size of forward response signals, are normalized with respect to the number of virtual active sensors. Then their effects on the spatial focusing performance of Lamb waves are investigated.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.418-429
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• 2011

Researches using time reversal acoustics (TRA) for impact localization have been paid attention to recently. Dispersion characteristics of Lamb waves, which restrict the utility of classical nondestructive evaluation based on time-of-flight information, can be compensated through the application of TRA to Lamb waves on a plate. This study investigates the spatial focusing performance of time reversal Lamb waves on a plate using finite element analysis. In particular, the virtual sensor effect caused by multiple wave reflections at the boundaries of the plate is shown to enable the spatial focusing of Lamb waves though a very small number of surface-bonded piezoelectric (PZT) sensors are available. The time window size of forward response signals, are normalized with respect to the number of virtual active sensors. Then their effects on the spatial focusing performance of Lamb waves are investigated.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.59-63
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• 2008

Time reversal (TR) of nondispersive body waves has been used in many applications including ultrasonic NDE. However, the study of the TR method for Lamb waves on thin structures is not well established. In this paper, the full reconstruction of the input signal is investigated for dispersive Lamb waves by introducing a time reversal operator based on the Mindlin plate theory. A broadband and a narrowband input waveform are employed to reconstruct the $A_0$ mode of Lamb wave propagations. Due to the frequency dependence of the TR process of Lamb waves, different frequency components of the broadband excitation are scaled differently during the time reversal process and the original input signal cannot be fully restored. This is the primary reason for using a narrowband excitation to enhance the flaw detectability.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2004년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.429-436
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• 2004

For the in-situ health monitoring of critical members in civil infra-structures, ultrasonic guided Lamb waves-based non-destructive evaluation (NDE) is very suitable. However, a chief drawback of the Lamb wave techniques is that multiple modes exist at all frequencies and the modes are generally dispersive, which means that the received signals may be very complicated. To overcome these complications, selective transmitting and receiving of a single A/sub 0/ mode within a frequency range can be adopted. Furthermore, a wavelet technique can be utilized to decompose the Lamb wave response into wavelet coefficients as a tool for signal processing. The changes in the Lamb waves interacting with damages in the steel plates are successfully characterized by this wavelet technique, through the amplitude change of the wavelet coefficients. In this paper, the feasibility of detecting a line crack on the surface of a steel plate and loosened bolts in a joint steel specimen using the Lamb waves and the wavelet technique is investigated.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.637-642
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• 2002

An arc-shaped line array slit has been used for the laser generation of focused Lamb waves. The spatially expanded Nd:YAG pulse laser was illuminated through the arc-shaped line array slit on the surface of a sample plate to generate the Lamb waves of the same pattern as the slit. Then the generated Lamb waves were focused at the focal point of which distance from the slit position is dependent on the curvature of slit arc. The proposed method showed better spatial resolution than the conventional linear array slit in the detection of laser machined linear defect and drill machined circular defect on aluminum plates of 2mm thickness. Using the focused waves, we could detect the linear defect and the circular defect with the improvement of spatial resolution. The method can also be combined with the scanning mechanism to get an image just like by the scanning acoustic microscope(SAM).

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2005

This study presents the NDE (non-destructive evaluation) technique for detecting the loosened bolts on joint steel structures on the basis of TOF (time of flight) and amplitudes of Lamb waves. Probabilistic neural network (PNN) technique which is an effective tool for pattern classification problem was applied to the damage estimation using PZT induced Lamb waves. Two kinds of damages were introduced by dominant damages (DD) which mean loosened bolts within the Lamb waves beam width and minor damages (MD) which mean loosened bolts out of the Lamb waves beam width. They were investigated for the establishment of the optimal decision boundaries which divide each damage class's region including the intact class. In this study, the applicability of the probabilistic neural networks was identified through the test results for the damage cases within and out of wave beam path. It has been found that the present methods are very efficient and reasonable in predicting the loosened bolts on the joint steel structures probabilistically.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.625-632
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• 2004

This study presents the NDE (non-destructive evaluation) technique for detecting the loosened bolts on joint steel structures on the basis of TOF (time of flight) and amplitudes of Lamb waves. Probabilistic neural network (PNN) technique which is an effective tool for pattern classification problem was applied to the damage estimation using PZT induced Lamb waves. Two kinds of damages were introduced by dominant damages (DD) which mean loosened bolts within the Lamb waves beam width and minor damages (MD) which mean loosened bolts out of the Lamb waves beam width. They were investigated for the establishment of the optimal decision boundaries which divide each damage class's region including the intact class. In this study, the applicability of the probabilistic neural networks was identified through the test results for the damage cases within and out of wave beam path. It has been found that the present methods are very efficient and reasonable in predicting the loosened bolts on the joint steel structures probabilistically.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.553-567
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• 2011

최근 3년간 판 구조물 건전성 감시분야에서 시간반전램파(Time reversal Lamb waves)의 가능성이 주목받고 있다. 이 연구에서는 직사각형 평판에서 시간반전램파의 공간모임을 적은 연산비용으로 효과적으로 모사할 수 있는 수치기법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법에서는 파 반사에 의해 발생하는 실제 탐지자의 거울상 효과와 등가를 이루는 활성 가상탐지자를 이용하여 시간반전과정을 주파수 영역에서 정식화한다. 시간반전램파의 공간모임 모사에서 필요한 순방향 및 역방향 파 전달은 스칼라 형태의 함수로 표현한다. 제안된 방법을 웨이퍼 형태의 압전소자가 병치된 직사각형 평판에서 시간반전램파의 공간 모임 문제에 적용하고 유한요소해석 결과와 비교하여 타당성을 검증한다.