• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.203-211
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• 1999

The research committee for automobile repairs (RCAR), an international body of insurance research centers, has adopted the typical low speed crash test based on an average damage level in crash accidents to estimate the damageability , repairability and safety. The characteristics of body acceleration and the probability of injury are investigated based on damaged components, accelerations of body and injured dummy to analyze damageability and the driver's safety under low speed crash environment. It is found from the experimental results that the probability of head and thorax injuries are very low comparing to the injury criteria of FMVSS No.208. Furthermore, it is suggested that the deployment of airbag may not be necessary at RCAR low speed frontal crash test.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.79-83
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• 2006

The present low speed crash regulations and RCAR test for insurance estimate do not tend to reflect car crash occurred on a road. Therefore, car makers are trying to readjust test standard be similar to a real situation. Passenger cars and SUV vehicles on the market will be subject to this study for car to car crash. In addition, we will discuss improvement of test methods for a low speed crash and direction of bumper design by performing this impact analysis.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.182-189
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• 2003

We have found that the damage of the front part for a vehicle and that of the rear part for a vehicle are the majority of frequency experienced by the traffic accidents. In conventional bumper system was designed by safety standard regulation at low speed crash. For example there are 2.5 mile and 5 mile bumper. The conventional bumper system was the crash from max 5.5 mile to 3 mile low speed occurs most frequently and results in the highest rate of repairing cost in statistically. On this study, in order to check the damageability and repairability of gas tube bumper system RCAR 15 km/h 40 % offset frontal crash test was adopted in low speed and we have a gas tube bumper parts test and vehicle test with gas tube bumper, we can find gas tube bumper system definitely can improve the damageability and repairability of the vehicles and contribute to down the repairing cost.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.190-194
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• 2006

This research investigates vehicle structure acceleration and vehicle deformation with RCAR crash test. To investigate vehicle damage characteristics in an individual case, it is possible to RCAR low speed crash test. In this study, two tests were conducted to evaluate difference between RCAR new condition and RCAR old condition. A two large vehicles were subjected to a frontal crash test at a speed of 15km/h with an offset of 40% $10^{\circ}$ angle barrier and flat barrier. The results of the 15km/h with an offset of 40% $10^{\circ}$ angle barrier revealed high acceleration value on the vehicle structure and high repair cost compared to the RCAR 15km/h with an offset of 40% flat barrier. So in order to improve damage characteristics in low speed crash of vehicle structure and body component of the monocoque type passenger vehicles, the end of front side member and front back beam should be designed with optimum level and to supply the end of front side member as a partial condition approx 300mm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Mechanical Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2011

The neck injury occupies the most of injury that happened by the rear impact car accident. This study was analyzed about influence of the neck injury in low speed rear impact and car crash accident investigation. There is no neck injury in low speed side rear impact. On the other hand, there is initial neck injury symptom of 10 % but no long-term neck injury symptom in low speed offset rear impact. It appeared that the possibility of neck injury in low speed rear impact is low. For the more study about the neck injury, it should be evaluate the effects of the car body structure, frame structure and rear crash pattern.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.148-156
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• 2003

Many car manufacturers have frequently adopted an aggressive inflator and a lower threshold speed for airbag deployment in order to meet an injury requirement for unbolted occupant at high speed crash test. Consequently, today's occupant safety restraint system has a weakness due to an airbag induced injury at low speed crash event. This paper proposes a new crash algorithm to improve the weakness by suppressing airbag deployment at low speed crash event in case of belted condition. The proposed algorithm consists of two major blocks-crash severity algorithm and deployment logic block. The first block decides crash severity with two levels by means of velocity and crash energy calculation from acceleration signal. The second block implemented by simple AND/OR logic combines the crash severity level and seat belt status information to generate firing commands for airbag and belt pretensioner. Furthermore, it can be extended to adopt additional sensor information from passenger presence detection sensor and safing sensor. A simulation using real crash data for a 1,800cc passenger vehicle has been conducted to verify the performance of proposed algorithm.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.127-133
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• 2003

For the purpose of evaluation the damage repairability of a Frame Type Passenger vehicle which experienced a Low Speed 40% Offset front and rear Crash Test. tests were made according to the RCAR testing procedures. Test results concluded ; (1) The deceleration at C.G(center of gravity) off 6.9∼11.39 was similar to that for the vehicle. The airbag system was found to affect neither the passenger's safety nor the savings of the repairing costs. (2) In order to improve the repairability of the Frame Type Passenger vehicle after collision should be a higher crash performance of the bumper on the RCAR standards.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.134-139
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• 2003

The car crash accidents in low speed occurs most frequently. Damage on a conventional bumper after the car accident causes the bumper to get fixed most of time. This study shows how a gas tube bumper reduces a damageability and increase repairability after the car accidents. The 15 km/h 40% offset front and rear crash test recommended by RCAR (Research council for automobile repairs) standard was performed and evaluated damages on the gas tube bumper by the pendulum impact tester. In this study, the gas tube bumper reduces damageability and increases repairability after car crash accidents. In addition, car frame design to apply the gas tube bumper may consider to be changed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.8-15
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• 2013

Wide range frequency pulses occur in a car crash test. Until now, low frequency under 400Hz has been used to determine an airbag deployment criteria. Also, FIS (Front Impact Sensor) has been used to detect the crash pulse in early stage. Nowadays, technology to determine an airbag delpoyment criteria by using a high frequency crash pulse without FIS is being focused on. In this paper, the signal transmissibility of high frequency pulse for two different cars was studied. Also, signal transfer test of high frequency pulse was done by using a high speed ball impact. Signal runtime of the frontal impact is compared with that of the side impact. The signal transmissibility difference due to the car structure difference was discussed and structure change for improving the signal transmissibility was proposed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the bumper mounting structure of passenger vehicles at low speed collision. In order to improve the repairability and damageability of the vehicle, the low speed crash tests of RCAR(Research Council for Automobile Repairs) standard(front & rear 15km/h 40% offset crash test) were carried out for analysis of 3 different types of bumper mounting structures. The results of experiments show that the impact energy absorbing ability of bumper stay with rectangular crash box type vehicle which is inserted into the bumper rail was superior to another two different bumper mounting structures that are applied to many passenger vehicles. In this thesis, well designed bumper mounting structure such as rectangular crash box type can enhance the safety of occupants as well as contribute to reduce repair cost at low collision accident by improving repairability and damageability of vehicle.