• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.1269-1282
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• 2010

We in this note consider a new concept, so called $\pi$-McCoy, which unifies McCoy rings and IFP rings. The classes of McCoy rings and IFP rings do not contain full matrix rings and upper (lower) triangular matrix rings, but the class of $\pi$-McCoy rings contain upper (lower) triangular matrix rings and many kinds of full matrix rings. We first study the basic structure of $\pi$-McCoy rings, observing the relations among $\pi$-McCoy rings, Abelian rings, 2-primal rings, directly finite rings, and ($\pi-$)regular rings. It is proved that the n by n full matrix rings ($n\geq2$) over reduced rings are not $\pi$-McCoy, finding $\pi$-McCoy matrix rings over non-reduced rings. It is shown that the $\pi$-McCoyness is preserved by polynomial rings (when they are of bounded index of nilpotency) and classical quotient rings. Several kinds of extensions of $\pi$-McCoy rings are also examined.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.817-823
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• 2010

MC-DS-CDMA is technique where a single data symbol is transmitted at multiple subcarriers which are orthogonal to each other. With this technique, frequency diversity can be achieved. The performance of PSAM MC-DS-CDMA system with the application of MRRC antenna diversity is analyzed. The BER performance of this system over multipath fading environment is evaluated, considering the channel estimation error, carrier frequency offset, and the nonlinear high power amplifier.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.581-586
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• 2010

MC-DS-CDMA is technique where a single data symbol is transmitted at multiple subcarriers which are orthogonal to each other. With this technique, frequency diversity can be achieved. Time variant channels lead to interchannel interference which increases the bit error rate for MC-DS-CDMA systems. The performance of PSAM MC-DS-CDMA system over time variant channels is analyzed. The BER performance of this system over multipath fading environment is evaluated, considering the channel estimation error, carrier frequency offset.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.2649-2656
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• 2010

MC-DS-CDMA is technique where a single data symbol is transmitted at multiple subcarriers which are orthogonal to each other. With this technique, frequency diversity can be achieved. The performance of uplink MC-DS-CDMA systems with the application of MRRC antenna diversity over time variant channels is analyzed. Time variant channels lead to interchannel interference which increases the bit error rate in the receiver. The BER performance of this system over multipath fading environment is evaluated, considering the channel estimation error, carrier frequency offset, and the nonlinear high power amplifier.

• Journal of the Korean neurological association
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.273-279
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• 2018

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a diagnosis of exclusion and the lesions or objective findings should disseminate in space and time to diagnose MS. The diagnostic criteria of MS have continuously evolved overtime. The McDonald criteria were originally proposed in 2001, and the revised 2010 McDonald criteria have been used widely. Scientific advances in the past 7 years since 2010 induced the revised 2017 McDonald criteria. All revisions relied entirely on the available evidences, and not expert opinion. In this review, we will provide an overview of the way to diagnose MS and the 2017 McDonald criteria.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.263-271
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• 2010

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) constitute the largest superfamily of cell membrane receptors, mediating diverse signal-transduction pathways. The melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) has been of interest for its physiological role and size, one of the smallest among the GPCRs, which makes it a good model system for the structural study of GPCRs. To study the molecular structure and tissue-specific expression of MC4R in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), the full-length MC4R gene was obtained using PCR amplification of genomic DNA as well as cDNA synthesis. Sequence analysis of the gene indicates that 978 bp of the MC4R gene encodes 325 amino acids without introns. Sequence alignment with the MC4Rs from other fish shows the highest degree of identity (96%) between Paralichthys olivaceous and Verasper moseri, followed by Takifugu rubripes and Tetraodon nigroviridis (89%). RNA was isolated from various tissues to examine the tissue distribution of MC4R by using RT-PCR. The results showed major expression of MC4R in the liver, brain, and eye, which is consistent with the expression pattern in other fish belonging to the order Pleuronectiformes.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.581-592
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• 2016

Tensile constitutive stress-strain model of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) in fib MC2010 was investigated. In order to model tensile behavior of SFRC, three point loading flexural tests were conducted on notched small beams according to BE-EN-14651. Design parameters for the constitutive model were determined from the flexural tests. Flexural test and finite element analysis were conducted on large SFRC beam without steel reinforcements and compared with each other. In addition, parametric study on the effect of compressive and tensile model, and characteristic length on flexural behavior of the SFRC beam was conducted also. In results, pre-peak load-displacement curves from the FE analysis was close to experimental curves but significant difference was shown in post-peak behavior. The reason of the difference is originated from the fact that the fiber distribution and orientation were not being properly considered in the MC2010 model. This study shows that modification and detail explanations on the orientation factor K in MC2010 might require to better reproduce the behaviour of large scale SFRC beams.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.929-933
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• 2010

A new compound, 4-methoxyl 5-hydroxymethyl benzoic 3-O-$\beta$-D-glucopyranoside (1), has been isolated from the leaves and stems of Acer mandshuricum, along with nine known compounds (2-10). Their structures were determined by a variety of spectroscopic analyses. The effect of compounds 1-10 on the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells was examined by determining alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen synthesis, and mineralization. Compound 1 significantly increased the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells; $5.0\;{\mu}M$ of 1 increased ALP activity, collagen synthesis, and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells to 114.7, 119.5, and 108.2% (P < 0.05) of the basal value, respectively. In addition, compounds 2-10 also potently increased the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.10
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• pp.118-132
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• 2010

The purpose of the research is to develop a systematic model to interpret makeup signs through a case analysis of makeup shown in Alexander McQueen's ready-to-wear collections from 2001 to 2010 and to prove an importance of makeup as a communication medium to deliver social and cultural values. This research employed Panofsky's Iconology theory to analyze data. This theory consists of three steps to interpret the meaning of a work: (1) pre-iconographical description, (2) iconographical analysis, and (3) iconological interpretation. Alexander McQueen's makeup was analyzed with the three steps in order. As a result of the pre-iconographical description step, makeup styles (icons) in his collections are identified which are Egyptian style, Gothic style, Androgynous style, Victorian style, Fantasia style, and Futuristic variant style. The iconographical analysis step identified that the elements used in his makeup are inspired by his identity and life. In the final step of iconological interpretation, the researcher concluded that Alexander McQueen's makeup expresses social, cultural, and aesthetical value of the time period when the collection was created. His makeup shows postmodernism that accepts a diversity of views (the pluralism) and humanism, romantic narcissism that is his personality trait, and avant-garde that pursues a new, creative aesthetics.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.300-309
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• 2010

Melamincyanurate(MC), as an non halogen flame retardant are used as the polymer and plastic materials. In this study, melamine and cyanuric acid were used for the synthesis of MC. The optimum condition of synthetic MC were controlled by different molar ratio of melamine to cyanuric acid. MC was modified by coupling reaction with four different agents. The influences of modified MC were based on the coupling agent types. Preparation methods are available to offer the prospect of improved morphology control deposit stability in polyol. The results reveal that glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane(GDS) has the best storage stability. The best properties were obtained with melamine and cyanuric acid from 1:1 molar ratio. Modification of MC through coupling agent can efficiently enhanced the deposit stability in polyol up to 30 %.