• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.693-698
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• 1992

The resistant effect of several heavy metal ions to Serratia marcescens strain P was studied by the method of minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC), and testing for their metal biosorption. S. marcescens strain P showed a good survival in the presence of high concentrations of some metal ions, namely cadmium, lead, iron, magnesium, and manganese. Copper had the most inhibitory effect among tested. The MIC value was ranged from 0.79 to 1.58 mM. Cells of S. marcescens strain P exhibit an abnormally long lag phase when incubated in high concentrations of zinc and cadmium. Pigment production was reduced by zinc and cadmium, but enhanced by lead and iron. S. marcescens strain P was resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, cefamandole and chloramphenicol with minimal inhibitory concentration of 128 $\mu$g/ml, 32 $\mu$g/ml, 256 $\mu$g/ml, and 8 $\mu$g/ml, respectively. The kinetics study of biosorptive uptake by S. marcescens strain P revealed that 16.59% of cadmium and 35.38% of lead were eliminated from the media.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2005

TRPM7, a cation channel protein permeable to various metal ions such as $Mg^{2+}$, is ubiquitously expressed in variety of cells including lymphocytes. The activity of TRPM7 is tightly regulated by intracellular $Mg^{2+}$, thus named $Mg^{2+}$-inhibited cation (MIC) current, and its expression is known to be critical for the viability and proliferation of B lymphocytes. In this study, the level of MIC current was compared between immature (WEHI-231) and mature (Bal-17) B lymphocytes. In both cell types, an intracellular dialysis with $Mg^{2+}$-free solution (140 mM CsCl) induced an outwardly-rectifying MIC current. The peak amplitude of MIC current and the permeability to divalent cation ($Mn^{2+}$) were several fold higher in Bal-17 than WEHI-231. Also, the level of mRNAs for TRPM7, a molecular correspondence of the MIC channel, was significantly higher in Bal-17 cells. The amplitude of MIC was further increased, and the relation between current and voltage became linear under divalent cation-free conditions, demonstrating typical properties of the TRPM7. The stimulation of B cell receptors (BCR) by ligation with antibodies did not change the amplitude of MIC current. Also, increase of extracellular $[Mg^{2+}]_c$ to enhance the $Mg^{2+}$ influx did not affect the BCR ligation-induced death of WEHI-231 cells. Although the level of TRPM7 was not directly related with the cell death of immature B cells, the remarkable difference of TRPM7 might indicate a fundamental change in the permeability to divalent cations during the development of B cells.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.443-450
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• 2020

No established method can be used to select effective antibiotics in antibiotic susceptibility tests for fish bacterial pathogens quickly and accurately. Here, we established the optimal conditions for determining the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of major fish bacterial pathogens (Streptococcus spp., Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp., and Pseudomonas spp.) using the KRAQ1 and CAMPY2 panels. The MIC panel used 18 antibiotics of two types and we conducted experiments to establish the optimal culture medium and temperature for each species. The optimal conditions for incubating Streptococcus spp. were in cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth with TES buffer (CAMHBT) at 28℃, using 5% lysed horse blood (LHB) as recommended by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute. For Vibrio spp., the optimal culture conditions were 28℃ in CAMHBT supplemented with 1% NaCl. The optimal conditions for culturing E. tarda, Aeromonas spp., and Pseudomonas spp. were in CAMHBT at 28℃.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.87-89
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the antibacterial activities and the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6 strains of Beauveria bassiana against mulberry pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial activities and the MIC were measured using paper disc method and broth dilution method, respectively. The antibacterial activities were found out just B. bassiana J200, and shown at 13 mm from Erwinia rhapontici KACC 10407 and at 17 mm from Pseudomonas syringae KACC 10390 and Xanthomonas campestris KACC 12134. The MIC were all observed at 4.0% from E. rhapontici KACC 10407, P. syringae KACC 10390 and X. campestris KACC 12134. The results suggest that B. bassiana could play a good role for biological control against mulberry pathogenic bacteria.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.175-180
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• 2019

In order to overcome the drawbacks of low rated power of the string inverter, the necessity of micro -inverters and future development directions will be examined by comparing the power conditioner system with existing PCS using micro inverter. Currently, string inverters have been used in household solar power generation systems, and research and penetration of micro-inverters(PV-MIC) have been expanding, which can overcome the shortcomings of string inverters starting from Europe. However, in the PV inverter industry, precise technical standards, test measurement equipment and related test methods for micro-inverters(PV-MIC) are obstacles to product development. Therefore, in this paper, considering the characteristics of micro-inverter (PV-MIC), it aims to make it competitive so that it does not lag behind advanced technology change through test measurement equipment and related technical standard.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.264-269
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the disinfecting efficacy of peracetic acid (PAA), sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and phenol, which are representative disinfectants in medical environments using four types of multi-drug resistance (MDR) clinical isolates with healthcare-associated infections (HAI). 26 antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted for the four types of MDR clinical isolates in the same way as for clinical specimens. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the disinfectants were determined by using in vitro liquid medium dilution method and inoculation of the plate medium. Both the MIC and MBC of phenol against MRSA and VRE were 3.1%, while those against KPC and MRPA were 6.2%. The MIC and MBC of peracetic acid (PAA) against MRSA, VRE, KPC, and MRPA were 0.18%. The MIC and MBC of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) against MRSA were 0.39% and 0.78%, respectively. Both values of MIC and MBC were 0.78% for VRE. In addition, KPC and MRPA showed 0.39% for MIC and 0.78% for MBC. For all MDR strains used in this study, sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid showed significant sterilizing efficiency, while no clear correlation was identified between antibiotic resistance clinical isolated and ability of disinfection.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.215-220
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• 2008

Rahnella aquatilis AY2000 has an unique characteristic which produces an anti-yeast substance (AYS). The AYS of the strain AY2000 was always secreted on agar plate, however, its activity in liquid culture was labile upon storage of the medium. In this paper, cultural conditions of the strain AY2000 for the AYS production were investigated in liquid culture, and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Saccharomyces cerevisiae was determined for the AYS activity. MIC of the AYS cultured in PYG broth at $^25{\circ}C$ for 24 hr was $23.5{\mu}g/mL$, however, that in MYCS (pH 5.5) broth at the same condition was $15.5{\mu}g/mL$. The activity of the AYS had increased rather in MYCS broth excluded $NH_4$-citrate than in the same broth contained $NH_4$-citrate, and MIC of the AYS produced in MYCS broth without $NH_4$-citrate was $15.5{\mu}g/mL$. When the strain AY2000 was maintained in MYCS broth without $NH_4$-citrate but added $100{\mu}M$ $FeCl_3$, the activity of the AYS had increased and its MIC was $7.8{\mu}g/mL$. MIC of the AYS was $7.8{\mu}g/mL$ after the strain AY2000 was cultured in MYCS broth containing $100{\mu}M$ $FeCl_3$ without $NH_4$-citrate, however, its MIC was $31.3{\mu}g/mL$ after 48-60 hr culture in the same broth.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.530-536
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• 2008

To investigate the molecular mechanism of the airway inflammation by Pseudomonas fluorescens, effects on the inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-8 (IL-8), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), macophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1) were assessed in the human alveolar epithelial cells. Exposure to P. fluorescens and its recombinant bacteria suppressed cellular viability in the A549 epithelial cells and pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-8 production. However, pro-inflammatory prostaglandin-producing COX-2 protein was not altered by P. fluorescens though its mRNA was slightly elevated. As the inhibitory cytokine for the pro-inflammatory mediators, MIC-1 expression was monitored in A549 cells. MIC-1 gene induction was not significantly enhanced but the protein processing was changed by exposure to P. fluorescens. Pro-protein form of MIC-1 (${\sim}40\;kD$) was cleaved into active form mature MIC-1 (${\sim}15\;kD$) and propeptide (${\sim}28\;kD$) by the bacteria exposure. MIC-1 activation can contribute to the suppression of cellular viability by P. fluorescens and can retard IL-8-induced monocyte recruitment. However, sustained activation of MIC-1 can mediate the tissue injury by P. fluorescens exposure.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2001

The aim of this study was to determine optimal therapeutic dose of antifungal agents for dermatophytes. Forty nine dermatophytes were isolated form dogs and cats showing skin lesions and were tested for their in vitro susceptibility to nystatin, griseofulvin, terbinafine, ketoconazole and fluconazole by broth microdilution test. Terbinafine showed the lowest MIC value among the antifungal agents tested, and MIC values ranged from 0.002 to 0.016 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. Fluconazole showed the highest MIC values among the antifungal agents tested, and MIC values ranged from 32 to 512 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml. MIC values of nystatin, griseofulvin and ketoconazole ranged from 1.12 to 4.48 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, 0.5 to 4.0 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, and 1.6 to 12.8 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml, resistant to griseofulvin, and that antifungal susceptibility test was needed to determine optimal therapeutic dose of antifungal agents for each dermatophyte.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1129-1133
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• 2004

The MIC-NET of 3,010 circuits to process on-line business on post, insurance, finance, electromagnetic wave, and so forth has the problems on spending of bandwidth for the lack of flexibility of leased-line service band. In this paper, it is suggested to establish the efficient 3 steps conversion plan through analysis and comparison with economical efficiency on MIC-NET. The promoting policy proposed in this paper, both MIC and local post office will raise image as financial institute and provide high level service with reliability and security as distinguished government organization.