• Journal of architectural history
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• v.5 no.1 s.9
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• pp.50-72
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• 1996

The typical Japanese house has the characteristics of open dwellings to make them cool in the hot and humid summer. And then the traditional town house 'Machiya', being built very closely to each other and walled up both sides, it has taken the open-oriented characteristics in itself. The purpose of this study is to clarify that the open-oriented of traditional 'Machiya' has been succeeded to the new 'Machiya' in the latest. The new 'Machiya' shows the open-oriented, taking the ventilative 'Huki-nuke' space of traditional 'Machiya' as the new spatial formal elements, in the changes such as scale material space organization. The characteristics of 'Huki-nuke' space are represented as follows ; 1. The facade of the traditional 'Machiya', which has taken on a semitransparent qualty, has been generally changed to the closing qualty except for the open parts of shop and garage. This facade of the new 'Machiya' has been taken to be in keeping with the existing town as much as possible. 2. A series of three rooms, composed of shop/living dining kitchen/room from the road, have been dispersed to every floors in a building with a very extensive scale. But this serial and linear type remains as the loosefit space, and the long dwellings of the upper stories are divided by type each dwelling unit. 3. 'Tori-niwa', which is a consecutive and penetrating space, connects the road with the rooms of dwelling and functions as the circulation of man thing energy, The new 'Machiya' changed to the multi-story, the corridor and the stair have been fumed up as the elements in the place of 'Tori-niwa' The 'Huki-nuke' space was locted in the hall, stairwell, living dining kitchen room, and so on. 4. The small court yard 'Tsubo-niwa' and back yard 'Ura-niwa' at the both ends of living spaces would be made a hole in a series of rooms and enclosed by the neighboring 'Machiya'. On the contrary the new 'Machiya' at present takes in the private and closing organization enclosing the innercourt. 5. The open-oriented ${\ulcorner}$In${\lrcorner}$ or ${\ulcorner}$Out${\lrcorner}$ is not brought out because of the delicate spatial formal configuration in the traditional 'Machiya'. But the open-oriented ${\ulcorner}$In${\lrcorner}$, all sides being closed by walls, is well brought out in the new 'Machiya'.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2009

The importance of the historical sites in cities has risen, and therefore this study was performed to find the methods to feasibly manage such sites. In line with the purpose, this study analytically reviews Japan's Kyo-machiya Restoration Policy, which has been systematically carried out under civil-official cooperation, and related policies. For reference, Kyo-machiya is the Kyoto-style wooden house. The results are derived as in the following. First of all, Kyo-machiya Restoration Policy was focused not only on traditional wooden houses but on residents and other buildings as well, and carried out under the cooperation among residents, the administrative office and enterprises. Kyoto citizens established their own ordinances that are suitable to each area so that historical sites may be managed in accordance with city planning. Also, the think tank actively participated in the establishment of municipal ordinances. Lastly, the policy was behind local residents and civic organizations so that they would continuously pay respect to historic sites in cities.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of the plan of fishing village house in the Shikoku district. The research was carried out by field survey and measurement of the traditional house and street system in Higashimachi area of Tomoura. The results of this study are as follows. The traditional house of Higashimachi area is to be taking the plan of Machiya form that is the residence form of a city without being related a fishing village. And the street system is as orderly comparatively as a city. This is not the thing as that is surprised when we think the fact that Higashimachi area has maintained close relation historically with Kyoto, Osaka, etc. However, as for the house of Higashimachi area, the scale is smaller in comparison with Machiya, there is a fundamental difference in terms of the house for the exclusive use of residence. Machiya is the dual constitution of business space and life space. To it the house of Higashimachi area is doing the unitary constitution. Mise is the original opening device (a kind of the front door fitting) of traditional house of Higashimachi area and has the functions that complement narrow space and of offer community space. Finally, the traditional house in this area is equipped with all the residence functions of necessary minimums, although the scale residence is small. It is said that this is the case of a 'small residence' in a Japanese residence.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.35-42
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• 2015

This study is about Urban Commercial Housing among Modern Architectural assets in Buksungro (one of the 4 Roads of Rampart in Junggu, Daegu), the main stronghold of Urban Regeneration projects according to the recent Urban Regeneration strategy. The development of the Urban Commercial business and the quantitative increase of the Urban Housing that is accelerated after the Industrial Revolution certainly caused the Urban Commercial Housing, and in the downtown of Daegu, with the Urban Hanok and Commercial Hanok, Commercial Housing based on Machiya, Japan has appeared. The study about Commercial Hanok and Machiya, Japan already existed, but there were no Comparative Study about the Modern times' Commercial Housing remaining in Korea. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to compare the Modern times' Commercial Housing in Buksungro, Daegu, with the Japans' Commercial Housing.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2019

Practical superconducting wires are designed with a composite structure to meet the desired engineering characteristics by expert selection of materials and design of the architecture. In practice, the local strain exerted on the superconducting component influences the electromagnetic properties. Here, recent progress in methods used to measure the local strain in practical superconducting wires and conductors using quantum beam techniques is introduced. Recent topics on the strain dependence of critical current are reviewed for three major practical wires: $Nb_3Sn$, BSCCO-2223 and REBCO tapes.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate the introduction and practice method of "an architectural agreement" for renewal of urban residential districts. To solve this theme, this paper is intened to consider the formative procedure and sustainable development of an architectural zone by mutual agreement focused on Aneyakouji district in the center of Kyoto city. The results of this study were as follows ; an Aneyakouji district organized "a society recollecting Aneyakouji district", conflicting between the preservation of the traditional residential context and the construction of high-rise mansion, attracted so many town meetings and various events, and contracted an architectural zone by mutual agreement on 2002, 7. And so this architectural agreement zone had been sustainedly developed, it is based on deep-rooted relationships, opening of events and meetings, and partnership of residents companies administrators professionals. We will introduce "an architectural agreement" considering the former contents such as the case study of Aneyakouji district.