• Title/Summary/Keyword: Magnetic stimulation

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Transcranial direct current stimulation for spinal cord injury-associated neuropathic pain

  • Li, Caixia;Jirachaipitak, Sukunya;Wrigley, Paul;Xu, Hua;Euasobhon, Pramote
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.156-164
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    • 2021
  • Several types of pain occur following spinal cord injury (SCI); however, neuropathic pain (NP) is one of the most intractable. Invasive and non-invasive brain stimulation techniques have been studied in clinical trials to treat chronic NP following SCI. The evidence for invasive stimulation including motor cortex and deep brain stimulation via the use of implanted electrodes to reduce SCI-related NP remains limited, due to the small scale of existing studies. The lower risk of complications associated with non-invasive stimulation, including transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), provide potentially attractive alternative central neuromodulation techniques. Compared to rTMS, tDCS is technically easier to apply, more affordable, available, and potentially feasible for home use. Accordingly, several new studies have investigated the efficacy of tDCS to treat NP after SCI. In this review, articles relating to the mechanisms, clinical efficacy and safety of tDCS on SCI-related NP were searched from inception to December 2019. Six clinical trials, including five randomized placebo-controlled trials and one prospective controlled trial, were included for evidence specific to the efficacy of tDCS for treating SCI-related NP. The mechanisms of action of tDCS are complex and not fully understood. Several factors including stimulation parameters and individual patient characteristics may affect the efficacy of tDCS intervention. Current evidence to support the efficacy of utilizing tDCS for relieving chronic NP after SCI remains limited. Further strong evidence is needed to confirm the efficacy of tDCS intervention for treating SCI-related NP.

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in central post-stroke pain: current status and future perspective

  • Riva Satya Radiansyah;Deby Wahyuning Hadi
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.408-424
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    • 2023
  • Central post-stroke pain (CPSP) is an incapacitating disorder that impacts a substantial proportion of stroke survivors and can diminish their quality of life. Conventional therapies for CPSP, including tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and opioids, are frequently ineffective, necessitating the investigation of alternative therapeutic strategies. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is now recognized as a promising noninvasive pain management method for CPSP. rTMS modulates neural activity through the administration of magnetic pulses to specific cortical regions. Trials analyzing the effects of rTMS on CPSP have generated various outcomes, but the evidence suggests possible analgesic benefits. In CPSP and other neuropathic pain conditions, high-frequency rTMS targeting the primary motor cortex (M1) with figure-eight coils has demonstrated significant pain alleviation. Due to its associaton with analgesic benefits, M1 is the most frequently targeted area. The duration and frequency of rTMS sessions, as well as the stimulation intensity, have been studied in an effort to optimize treatment outcomes. The short-term pain relief effects of rTMS have been observed, but the long-term effects (> 3 months) require further investigation. Aspects such as stimulation frequency, location, and treatment period can influence the efficacy of rTMS and ought to be considered while planning the procedure. Standardized guidelines for using rTMS in CPSP would optimize therapy protocols and improve patient outcomes. This review article provides an up-to-date overview of the incidence, clinical characteristics, outcome of rTMS in CPSP patients, and future perspective in the field.

Acupuncture stimulation for motor cortex activities: Evidence from 3T functional MRI study

  • 최보영;전신수;유승식;최기순;박상동;임은철;정성택;이형구;서태석
    • Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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    • 2003.10a
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    • pp.85-85
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    • 2003
  • Purpose: To investigate whether or not acupuncture of GB34 produces a significant response of the modulation of somatomotor areas by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study. Materials and methods: The acupoint, GB34, located in the back of the knee, is known to be effective in recovering motor function after stroke. Using 3T MRI scanner, functional MR imaging of the whole brain was peformed in 12 normal healthy subjects during two stimulation paradigms; acupuncture manipulation on GB34 and sham points. This study investigates the activation of the motor cortex elicited by a soft and an intensified stimulation of GB 34.Three different paradigms were carried out to detect any possible modulation of the Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) response in the somatomortor area to motor stimulation through acupuncture.

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Clinical Application of Functional MRI : Motor Cortex Activities by Acupuncture

  • Choe, Bo-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.89-93
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    • 2002
  • We report a preliminary fMRI evidence of modulation of somatomotor areas by acupuncture in GB34 acupoint. GB34, located in the back of the knee, is known to be effective in recovering motor function after stroke. Using 3T MR scanner, functional MR imaging was performed in five normal volunteers in two stimulation paradigms; acupuncture manipulation on GB34 and sham points. Group analysis form five individuals showed that bilateral sensorimotor areas (BA 3,4,6 and 7) showed stimulation related BOLD signal contrast of approximately 6% whereas very few areas were activated when sham stimulation is given. Our results suggest that acupuncture fMRI study can be safely conducted in 3T environment and stimulation in GB34 modulate the cortical activities of the somatomotor area in human.

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Clinical Application of Functional MRI : Motor Cortex Activities by Acupuncture

  • Choe, Bo-Young
    • Proceedings of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Conference
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    • 2002.08a
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    • pp.21-25
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    • 2002
  • We report a preliminary fMRI evidence of modulation of somatomotor areas by acupuncture in GB34 acupoint. GB34, located in the back of the knee, is known to be effective in recovering motor function after stroke. Using 3T MR scanner, functional MR imaging was performed in five normal volunteers in two stimulation paradigms; acupuncture manipulation on GB34 and sham points. Group analysis from five individuals showed that bilateral sensorimotor areas (BA 3,4,6 and 7) showed stimulation related BOLD signal contrast of approximately 6% whereas very few areas were activated when sham stimulation is given. Our results suggest that acupuncture fMRI study can be safely conducted in 3T environment, and stimulation in GB34 modulate the cortical activities of the somatomotor area in human.

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The simulator loop probe style magnetic stimulation design for a nervous system treatment (신경계 치료를 위한 루프 프로브형 자기자극기의 시뮬레이터)

  • Kim, Whi Young
    • Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.29-37
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    • 2009
  • It is as result that study to apply mini magnet nerve curer in peripheral nervous system disease treatment. Simulator and embodied action power and Control Unit in cylinder form of magnet roof object firstly. Yielded service area about special quality of probe of loop object cylinder style and treatment area dimension and distance of treatment pulse secondly. Embody pulse forming course energy value by Probe's form by third, could embody treatment pulse by disease. Specially, through a special quality experiment, saved Damping pulse form and treatment digital forming etc. variously. Lately, embodied this to aid a little in disease treatment that follow that there is no invasion that there is no stimulation by medicine development. Neuralgia, muscular disease and Altzheimer, with stroke etc. is becoming the matter of concern and interest which disease of adult etc. it is same is important. And the melancholia in compliance with the modern direction of a ceremony which is complicated and garrulous, trillion it will cry and symptoms, it is a tendency where the emotional obstacle etc. nervous psychiatric disorder patient is increasing at class speed. But currently the applicator it will be able to treat like this disease almost it is a condition which is wholly lacking. Consequently like this disease it used magnetic stimulation and it diagnosed and the equipment it will be able to treat plan and it embodied.

A Magnetic Stimulator Adopting a Low-Frequency Fly-Back Switching Circuit (저주파 플라이백 스위칭회로를 이용한 고성능 자기자극기)

  • Yi, Jeong-Han;Kim, Hyung-Sik;Hur, Moon-Chang;Kim, Jung-Hoe
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.27 no.6
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    • pp.343-350
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    • 2006
  • Medical magnetic stimulator generates strong magnetic field pulses. Clinical applications of the magnetic pulse are the stimulation of nervous system and the contraction of muscle. The unique source of the strong magnetic pulse is a capacitor-inductor resonator and this inductor generates a strong sinusoidal magnetic pulse by discharging the capacitor with high initial voltage. Continuous muscle contraction needs sequential generation of the magnetic pulses. However, to keep the magnitude of sequential pulses identical, an expensive high-voltage power supply have to support voltage drop of the capacitor between the pulses. A protection circuit between the supply and the resonator is necessary to protect the supply from reverse current caused by capacitor voltage reversal. In this paper, a new circuit structure of the magnetic stimulator adopting a low-frequency fly-back switching is proposed. The new circuit supports sequential pulse generation and allows the reverse current without damage. Performance of the new circuit is examined and a low-cost magnetic stimulator for urinary incontinence therapy is being developed using the presented method.

Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging(DITI) analysis by micro-magnetic stimulation for muscle fatigue recovery and muscle pain control (근피로 회복 및 근통증 완화를 위한 미약 자기장 자극에 대한 체열변화 분석)

  • Kim, Soo-Byung;Lee, Na-Ra;Lee, Seung-Wook;Lee, Kyong-Joung;Lee, Yong-Heum
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.14 no.7
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    • pp.1653-1660
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    • 2010
  • In this study, change of body surface temperature was measured using Digital Infrared Thermographic Imaging(DITI) to check muscle fatigue recovery & muscle pain control by magnetic stimulations. For clinical trials, subjects were divided into 3 groups : non stimulation group(NSG), electrical stimulation group(ESG) and micro magnetic stimulation group(MSG). In result, temperature differences between left and right arm surfaces were measured as much as $0.86{\pm}0.43^{\circ}C$(n=96) after the exercise, $0.78{\pm}0.12^{\circ}C$ after the electrical stimulation and $0.1{\pm}0.39^{\circ}C$ after the micro magnetic stimulation. Also after 3days, temperature differences between left and right arm surfaces were measured as much as $0.3{\pm}0.14^{\circ}C$ in the NSG, $0.05{\pm}0.21^{\circ}C$ in the ESG and $0.03{\pm}0.21^{\circ}C$ in the MSG. These data showed that the lowest temperature difference between left/right body surface was measured in MSG.

Assessment of Pulsed Magnetic Field Stimulus by Using Finger Photoplethysmogram and Pressure Pulse Waveform

  • Lee, Jin-Yong;Go, In-Suk;Choi, Jae-Won;Jang, Tae-Sun;Shin, Sang-Hoon;Lee, Hyun-Sook;Hwang, Do-Guwn;Kim, Sun-Wook
    • Journal of Magnetics
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.209-212
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    • 2010
  • Photoplethysmogram (PPG) and pressure pulse waveform (PPW) were compared and evaluated for the efficacy of stimulating knuckles by using the pulsed magnetic field. Both signals were observed simultaneously while the knuckles were exposed for 10 min to the pulsed magnetic field, with maximum field intensity of 0.8 T and transition time of 0.126 msec. After 5 min stimulation of the knuckles, the results showed that the aging indexes calculated from the second derivative of the PPG were increased from -1.913 to 0.072, and that of the PPW from -0.063 to 0.387. However, for the relatively long-term stimulation for 10 min, we found that the values of both the aging indexes of the second derivatives and augmentation index of the PPW returned to the starting level. The changes observed in characteristic factors such as the aging indexes of the second derivatives and augmentation index of the PPW indicate the potential of pulsed magnetic field stimulation as a therapeutic method for the treatment of patients with peripheral vascular disease.

Non-Invasive Neuromodulation for Tinnitus

  • Langguth, Berthold
    • Korean Journal of Audiology
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.113-118
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    • 2020
  • Tinnitus is a prevalent disorder that has no cure currently. Within the last two decades, neuroscientific research has facilitated a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie the generation and maintenance of tinnitus, and the brain and nerves have been identified as potential targets for its treatment using non-invasive brain stimulation methods. This article reviews studies on tinnitus patients using transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, such as transcranial direct current stimulation, alternating current stimulation, transcranial random noise stimulation as well as transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation and bimodal combined auditory and somatosensory stimulation. Although none of these approaches has demonstrated effects that would justify its use in routine treatment, the studies have provided important insights into tinnitus pathophysiology. Moreover bimodal stimulation, which has only been developed recently, has shown promising results in pilot trials and is a candidate for further development into a valuable treatment procedure.