• 제목/요약/키워드: Material screening

검색결과 286건 처리시간 0.034초

전력유도 현상과 차폐계수 (Phenomenon of Power Interference and Screening Factor)

  • 황종선;김영민;이경욱;김재준
    • 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집
    • /
    • pp.621-624
    • /
    • 2001
  • A metal sheath provides a cable with electrostatic screening and a degree of magnetic screening. The presence of a screen on a cable also reduces the induction arising from the high-frequency components of transients caused by power-line switching and also induced transients from lightning strokes; such transient induced voltages are of increasing importance with the increasing use of miniaturized telecommunication equipment with very small thermal capacity. This paper describes electrostatic induction and electromagnetic induction caused by power interference. Also screening factors are proposed.

  • PDF

미백제 선발을 위한 In Vitro 측정법의 신뢰도 (Reliability of In Vitro Assay for Initial Depigmenting Agent Screening)

  • 호앙구엔;민은엔;라련화;이향복;신정현;김은기
    • 대한화장품학회지
    • /
    • 제34권3호
    • /
    • pp.183-188
    • /
    • 2008
  • 미백제를 선발하기 위해 주로 사용하는 현재의 방법은 in vitro 타이로시네이즈 활성 및 항산화능을 측정하는 것이다. 이 결과에 기초하여 다음 단계인 멜라노사이트에서의 멜라닌 생성량을 측정한다. 세포 내의 멜라닌 생성량 측정 법은 시간, 인력 및 숙련도가 요구된다. 따라서 초기 선발 방법의 신뢰성이 중요하다. 200개 중국시료 중 측정범위 내에서 세포독성이 없는 34개를 대상으로 세포 내 멜라닌량, 타이로시네이즈 활성, 항산화능의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 조사결과 직선의 상판관계를 확인할 수 없었다. 이 결과는 현재 선발방법의 한계 및 새로운 방법이 필요함을 보여주었다.

전력유도 현상과 차폐계수 (Phenomenon of Power Interference and Screening Factor)

  • 황종선;김영민;이경욱;김재준
    • 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.14 No.1
    • /
    • pp.621-624
    • /
    • 2001
  • A metal sheath provides a cable with electrostatic screening and a degree of magnetic screening. The presence of a screen on a cable also reduces the induction arising from the high-frequency components of transients caused by power-line switching and also induced transients from lightning strokes; such transient induced voltages are of increasing importance with the increasing use of miniaturized telecommunication equipment with very small thermal capacity. This paper describes electrostatic induction and electromagnetic induction caused by power interference. Also screening factors are proposed.

  • PDF

A manufacturability measurement for design for manufacturing in net shape process

  • Lee, Chang-Ho
    • 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 1994년도 춘계공동학술대회논문집; 창원대학교; 08월 09일 Apr. 1994
    • /
    • pp.467-477
    • /
    • 1994
  • The objective of this research is to develop a manufacturability measurement model for process and material screening. The process and material screening is the key requirement for implementing the Design for Manufacturability (Concurrent Engineering). A computerized system realizing this model then is developed to aid designers. Identification of the key factors which influence technical manufacturability, decision variables and their characteristics, conceptual framework for implementing the model are suggested. Manufacturability measure for quantifying the consistency of between the product requirements and the manufacturing capability is important contribution of this research. The focus is on net shape manufacturing process such as diecasting, forging, metal forming and injection molding.

Screening 현상 및 broadening 현상이 p형 Si과 Ge의 이동도에 미치는 효과 (Screening and broadening effects on the mobilities for p-type Si and Ge)

  • 전상국
    • E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
    • /
    • 제10권6호
    • /
    • pp.581-588
    • /
    • 1997
  • The ionization energy and degree of ionization for Si and Ge with boron doping are calculated. The hole mobilities are then calculated as a function of doping concentration using the relaxation time approximation. When the screening effect is taken into account, the reduction of ionization energy results in the increase of degree of ionization. As a result, the calculated Si mobility becomes closer to the experimental data, whereas the calculated Ge mobility is almost independent of the screening effect. The inclusion of the broadening effect in the mobility calculation overestimates the ionized impurity scattering. As compared with the experiment, the screening effect is not avoidable to calculate Si and Ge mobilities, and the broadening effect must accompany with the hopping process.

  • PDF

복합방진벽에 의한 Rayleigh파의 차단 (Screening of Rayleigh Waves by Composite Barriers)

  • 이종세
    • 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국지진공학회 1997년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Fall 1997
    • /
    • pp.133-140
    • /
    • 1997
  • Based on the Green's function technique, an analytical approach is developed to examine the surface wave screening effectiveness of composite wave barriers. The composite barrier consists of a high velocity layer sandwiched between two thin layers of low shear velocity materials. The high velocity layer is represented by differential matrix operators which relate the wave fields on each side of the layer. The low velocity layers are modeled by non-rigid contact conditions which allow partial sliding at the interfaces. Screening ratio of barriers with various combination of material, geometric, and non-rigidness parameters are compared and discussed in some detail.

  • PDF

아동학대 평가도구의 체계적 고찰 (A Systematic Review of Child Abuse Screening Instruments)

  • 김현경;최혜미;박현정
    • Child Health Nursing Research
    • /
    • 제22권4호
    • /
    • pp.265-278
    • /
    • 2016
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and to describe the characteristics of child abuse screening instruments. Methods: Articles regarding the development of a child abuse screening instrument were investigated using the systematic review method. A literature search using the keywords "child and abuse or maltreatment and instrument or screening tool" in English, and "child," "abuse," and "instrument" in Korean, was conducted of material published in PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SCOPUS, ERIC, and RISS. Database and bibliographic searches, and quality appraisal using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool that included systemic reviews, yielded 17 records. Results: Key elementary child abuse screening instruments were developed for physical, psychiatric, affective and sexual and child neglect assessment. The instruments' target populations were children at home and in institutions. The reviewed instruments had the advantage of diagnosing past, concurrent, and indirectly, potential child abuse. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that child abuse screening instruments are available for screening and for assessment of abused children in various circumstances. This review of child abuse screening instruments offers evidence for the acceptable use of optimal psychometric tools for child abuse assessment and provides guidelines for child health nursing practice.

Readability, Suitability and Health Content Assessment of Cancer Screening Announcements in Municipal Newspapers in Japan

  • Okuhara, Tsuyoshi;Ishikawa, Hirono;Okada, Hiroko;Kiuchi, Takahiro
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • 제16권15호
    • /
    • pp.6719-6727
    • /
    • 2015
  • Background: The objective of this study was to assess the readability, suitability, and health content of cancer screening information in municipal newspapers in Japan. Materials and Methods: Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) and the framework of Health Belief Model (HBM) were used for assessment of municipal newspapers that were published in central Tokyo (23 wards) from January to December 2013. Results: The mean domain SAM scores of content, literacy demand, and layout/typography were considered superior. The SAM scores of interaction with readers, an indication of the models of desirable actions, and elaboration to enhance readers' self-efficacy were low. According to the HBM coding, messages of medical/clinical severity, of social severity, of social benefits, and of barriers of fear were scarce. Conclusions: The articles were generally well written and suitable. However, learning stimulation/motivation was scarce and the HBM constructs were not fully addressed. Practice implications: Articles can be improved to motivate readers to obtain cancer screening by increasing interaction with readers, introducing models of desirable actions and devices to raise readers' self-efficacy, and providing statements of perceived barriers of fear for pain and time constraints, perceived severity, and social benefits and losses.

Effect of Screening on the Risk Estimates of Socio Demographic Factors on Cervical Cancer - A Large Cohort Study from Rural India

  • Thulaseedharan, Jissa Vinoda;Malila, Nea;Hakama, Matti;Esmy, Pulikottil Okuru;Cherian, Mary;Swaminathan, Rajaraman;Muwonge, Richard;Sankaranarayanan, Rengaswami
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • 제14권1호
    • /
    • pp.589-594
    • /
    • 2013
  • Background: Prospective cohort studies to determine cofactors with oncogenic HPV-infections for cervical cancer are very rare from developing countries and such data are limited to the few screening trials. Large screening trials provide such data as a by product. Some of the cases are prevented by screening and do not surface as invasive cancers at all. Also, pre-invasive lesions are detected almost entirely by screening. Screening causes selection bias if attendance in or effectiveness of screening is correlated with the risk factors. The aim of this study was to quantify the influence of screening on risk factors for cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: Our material stems from a rural cohort of 80,000 women subjected to a randomised screening trial. The effect of screening on the incidence of cervix cancer was estimated with reference to socio-demographic and reproductive risk factors of cervical cancer. We compared these risks with the incidence of cancer in the randomised control population by the same determinants of risk. Results: The results in the screening arm compared to the control arm showed that the women of low SES and young age were benefitting more than those of high SES and old age. The relative risk by age (30-39 vs 50-59) was 0.33 in the control arm and 0.24 in the screening arm. The relative risk by education (not educated vs educated) was 2.8 in the control arm and 1.8 in the screening arm. The previously married women did not benefit (incidence 113 and 115 per 100,000 women years in control vs screening arms) whereas the effect was substantial in those married (86 vs 54). Conclusions: The results in controls were consistent with the general evidence, but results in attenders and nonattenders of the screening arm showed that screening itself and self-selection in attendance and effectiveness can influence the effect estimates of risk factors. The effect of cervical cancer screening programmes on the estimates of incidence of cervical cancer causes bias in the studies on etiology and, therefore, they should be interpreted with caution.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of the Pap Smear as a Screening Procedure Among Nurses in a Tertiary Hospital in North Eastern India

  • Thippeveeranna, Chamaraja;Mohan, Surekha Sadhana;Singh, Laiphrakpam Ranjit;Singh, Naorem Nabakishore
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • 제14권2호
    • /
    • pp.849-852
    • /
    • 2013
  • Background: Cancer of the uterine cervix is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide. Industrialized countries have dramatically reduced the incidence of mortality from cervical carcinoma in the last 50 years through aggressive screening programs utilizing pelvic examinations and Papanicolaou (Pap) smears but it still remains a major problem in the developing world. Objectives: This study was performed to determine knowledge, attitude and practice of Pap smear as a screening procedure among nurses in a tertiary hospital in north eastern India. Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out with a questionnaire survey covering the socio demographic factors, knowledge, attitude and practices about Pap smear screening among 224 nurses in Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India during December 2011. Results: Two hundred and twenty one participants (98.6%) had heard about cervical carcinoma but 18.3% lacked adequate knowledge regarding risk factors. Knowledge about the Pap smear was adequate in 88.8% of the respondents. Out of these, only 11.6% had Pap smear at least once previously. The most common reasons for non-participation in screening were lack of any symptoms (58.4%), lack of counselling (42.8%), physician does not request (29.9%) and fear of vaginal examination (20.5%). Conclusion: Although knowledge of Pap smear as a screening procedure for cervical cancer is high, practice is still low. The nurses who should be responsible for opportunistic screening of women they care for are not keen on getting screened themselves. If we can improve the practice of Pap smear screening in such experts, they should be able to readily provide appropriate and accurate information and motivate the general population to join screening programs.