• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2001

Objective : To examine the association between age at menopause and mortality in a population-based sample of women in Kangwha, Korea. Methods : From the Kangwha Cohort, followed-up from 1985 to 1999, the data of the over 55 year old female group(n=3,596) was used in this study to examine the association between age at menopause and mortality. We calculated the all causes mortality risk ratio and the cancer mortality risk ratio by age at menopause grouping using the Cox Proportional Hazards Model with adjustments for age, BMI, smoking, education, chronic disease, self-rated health status, alcohol consumption and age at first birth. Result and conclusion : Compared to women who had menopause at 45-49 years, the all causes mortality risk ratio was 1.24 for women with menopause at less than 40 years(95% CI=1.01-1.53) and 1.05 for women with menopause at over 50 years(95% CI=0.92-1.20). Also, compared to women who had menopause at 45-49 years, the cancer mortality risk ratio was 1.53 for women with menopause at less than 40 years(95% CI=0.78-2.98) and 1.17 for women with menopause at over 50 years(95% CI=0.77-1.80).

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.348-364
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• 1998

The two objectives of this study were 1) to develop an efficacy expectation promoting program for the management of menopause based on the self-efficacy theory of Bandura(1977), and 2) to investigate the effects of the efficacy expectation promoting program for the management of menopause. The first phase was to development an efficacy expectation promoting program through video tape. A telephone coaching program served as a follow-up to the efficacy expectation promoting program which provided encouragement and support to the subjects. The second phase was the experimental stage. This experimentation was conducted to determine whether an efficacy expectation promoting program based on theory of Bandura would increase the self-efficacy and the management of menopause. Results : The video which we developed consisted of 2 parts. Part one discussed the symptoms and the management of menopause. Part two reflected the vicarious step-by-step success of middle-aged women's menopause management. The telephone coaching program served as a follow up to the efficacy expectation promoting program and provided encouragement and support to the subjects. The total length of the video is 50 minutes. The hypotheses stated in phase two were supported by following results : In the two experimental groups consisting of the natural and artificial menopause groups both demonstrated significant increase in their general and concrete self-efficacy scores. In the experimental groups, both the objective and subjective menopause management scores increased n the natural and artificial menopause experimental groups. In conclusion, it was found that an efficacy expectation promoting program was an effective nursing intervention for increasing self-efficacy and management of menopause.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the coping behaviors related to menopause experience in woman. Method: The research method used was Q-methodology. The statement of self-reference was derived from face to face interviews with 10 womens. Statements were categorized by the researcher according to semantics. From categories of the Q-population 27 of the self reference statement were selected and 39 of the women were selected with consideration of given to diversity in socio-demographic background. Based on a 1 to 9 point scale, the selected menopausal women were made to participated in the Q-sorting. Analysis of Q-type was obtained by use of the QUNAL program. Result: There are three type of menopause experience of Korean women. 1. The first type focused on active coping relate to menopause. 2. The second type focused on mind control related to menopause. 3. The third type focused on religious support related to menopause. Conclusion: It is suggested that the results of this study may contribute to the development strategies for the purpose of health promotion middle aged women.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.261-269
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to exam me the correlations among management of menopause, marital satisfaction, and quality of life in middle-aged women. Method: The sample was 158 middle-aged women who were 40-64 years. Data were collected from June 14 to July 10, 2003 using questionnaires and were analyzed by using the SPSS 10.0 PC+ program. Result: The level of marital satisfaction was related positively to the level of quality of life(r=.504, p<.01) and management of menopause(r=.3l5, p<.0l). In addition, there were significant correlations between the level of quality of life and management of menopause(r=.251, p<.01). In stepwise multiple regression analysis, 25.9% of the variance in quality of life was explained by marital satisfaction. Conclusion: Marital satisfaction and management of menopause serve to improve the quality of life of middle-aged women. It is necessary to develop an effective intervention program to improve marital satisfaction and management of menopause.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.321-331
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• 2008

Purpose: Purpose of this study was to explore the process of menopause experiences in middle-aged women. Method: The grounded theory methodology by Strauss & Corbin was the basis for this study. The participants were 15 middle-aged women selected by theoretical sampling. The data were collected by in-depth interviews using audiotape recording analyzed simultaneously by the constant comparative method described in Strauss and Corbin's methodology. Results: Experiencerelated to menopause in middle-aged women is caused by cognition of the aging process, difficult problems in family that occur with limitation of social activity, and perception of changingseasons. The central incident of menopause in middle-aged women was loss of the woman's identity. Intervening conditions, which are action/interactional strategies for menopause, are related to social support. Action/interactional strategies related to menopause management included medical treatment, mind control, and participation in social activity. Experiencerelated to menopause in middle-aged women resulted in comfort or discomfot of physical and emotional condition. Conclusion: The findings of this study may contribute to the development health promotion strategy for middle-aged women. There is need to develop family support systems and preventive nursing interventions to avoid negative coping strategy.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.1336-1354
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• 1999

Researchers have rarely explored menopausal experience in the context of the totality of women's lives, subsequently making the picture of menopause incomplete, discrete and fragmented. Respecting the totality of women's lives, this study addressed how a vulnerable group of women-low income Korean immigrant women-experience menopause within a context of multiple transitions. This is a cross-sectional study using methodological triangulation. A sample of 119 first-generation Korean immigrant women aged 40 to 60 years, who were in low-income jobs, was recruited using convenience sampling methods. From the total sample, 21 peri-or post-menopausal women were recruited for in-depth interviews following the collection of the survey data. Questionnaires, short interviews, and in- depth interviews were used to collect data. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Thematic analysis was used to interpret interview data. The findings indicate that menopause was given the lowest priority amidst women's multiple and demanding roles within a gendered multiple transitional (immigration, work and menopause) context. The lack of language clarity to describe women's experience, cultural background, inadequate knowledge, and lack of social supports made menopause hidden, invisible, and inaudible. Conclusions and implications for nursing practice are guided by the goal of understanding women's experiences and meanings of menopause and supporting women through reflecting these experiences into their health care.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2008

Objective: To find the related factors and the symptoms of menopause in male workers. Method: This Study is targeted on 369 people(40's; 219, 50's; 150) who are married and being 40 years old or more with working for over ten year. Results: First, the symptom of menopause in proportion to age is, 40's appeared in order of 'Decrease in ability to play sport', and 50's appeared in order of 'Less strong erection'. Second, the symptom of menopause was higher from the difference between general characteristic and work characteristic when people have old age. Third, the symptom of menopause was lower from difference among life habits when people do some exercises regularly, and no overeating. Fourth, the symptom of menopause was much lower from the difference of subjective health state when people feel comfort without any disturbance to their daily life, as they feel much younger than their ages, and feel healthy. Fifth, the variables affected to the symptom of menopause were age, do exercise whether or not, subjective health state when people feel much younger than their ages, and feel healthy. Conclusion: the symptom of menopause is not only for women but also for men. And it is not only for people who are old but we could find some abilities from young ages, too.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.402-415
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• 1998

The purpose of study was to identify the degree of menopausal of age knowledge and management of menopausal women. The data were collected from April 1st to May 31th in 1998 and 368 total. Data were analyzed by SPSS/PC program. The results were as follows. 1. The average age was 45-50 years. General health state was good 71% mosty they were house keeper. 87.5% had religion. The married woman was 86.1%. Menopause treatment experience was 88.1%. The educational state was below middle school, 72.3%. 2. The high score of knowledge of menopause was the item of whether they conceive or not after menopause, irregularity of menopause, menopausal symptoms, of the possibility osteoporosis. 3. The score of knowledge was the highest at the group 45-50, the high education, and the high number of family members. 4. The score of management was the highest in self control category. No drinking & no smoking items were the highest. Sexual management and management by professional person were low score. 5. The higher score of the knowledge of menopause, the higher score of the management.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.82-92
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was attempted to understand the substance and meaning of menopause experienced by women through informal interviews with oral consent. The informants were 6 perimenopausal women of 50-55 years old who are executing menopause. Colaizz's analytical method, a type of phenomenological analysis, was used to analyze data recorded by audiotape. One professor and a master's degree student who understand phenomenology, and the one who has a master of arts examined the validity between the meanings composed of the clusters of themes. Findings were turned out to be valid through validation process as the last step. The meaning of menopause implied both 'concept about menopause' and 'menopause as a time of change'. Menopause was mostly considered as cessation of menstruation as a physiological, natural, and normal process by aging. However, some people regarded menopause as a loss of youth and womanhood and lessening of every function of the body. Menopause as the time of changes means 'the period of' 'hormonal changes' such as change of menstruation, hot flushes, perspiration, and palpitation ; 'body function changes' of visual acuity, physical strength, sleeping, digestion, thoughts, bone and joints, skin sensibility, sexual pattern and intelligence ; 'emotional changes' such as anxiety, loneliness, gloominess, and nervousness. Menopause is a turning point on the women's life cycle accompanying various kind of changes and health problems. Therefore it is inevitable to develop strategy helping menopausal women pass through the critical successfully by adapting and coping with their critical period toward the healthy and better quality of life individually rather than putting them all into the standardized hormonal replacement protocol.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.12-19
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to identify the correlations between management of menopause, urinary incontinence and sexual satisfaction in climacteric women. Method: This study was conducted using a convenient sampling method in and around Jinju city, and each participant gave consent for the research. A total sample of 250 middle-aged women aged 40 to 60 years were chosen for the study, of which 157 women completed the questionnaires used for the analysis. Data was collected from Jan 1st to Mar 31st, 2004 by structured questionnaires (questionnaires for management of menopause, urinary incontinence and sexual satisfaction). Result: The characteristic variables significantly related to management of menopause were occupation and religion. The characteristic variable significantly related to urinary incontinence was age. The characteristic variables significantly related to sexual satisfaction were religion, economic status, and frequency of delivery. The relationship between management of menopause and sexual satisfaction was statistically significant with a positive correlation. Conclusion: It is hoped that the above findings will stimulate health promoting programs for climacteric women.