• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.05a
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• pp.33-35
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• 1997

• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.05a
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• pp.36-37
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• 1997

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 2001

Anatomy and ultrastructure of the modifeid Krana pattern have been studied in succulent Salsola collina Pall. Cylindrical leaves exhibited the Salsoloid Kranz type containing two layers of peripheral chlorenchyma that surrounded the water storage cells and vascular tissues. Small veins were also peripherally arranged, but mostly embedded in the vicinity of the inner chlorenchma without the orderly arrangement of the concentric layering of bundle sheath and mesophyll cells. The current study mainly focused on the chlorenchyma tissue abutting such minor veins. The outer columnar layer exhibited features similar to the characteristics of palisade mesophyll cells, while the inner cuboid layer to the bundle sheath cells of a typical $C_4$ Kranz pattern. Cellular components of the inner chlorenchyma were centripetal and numerous, but starch-laden chloroplasts were rudimentary in the thylakoidal system. The outer chlorenchyma demonstrated normally developed chloroplasts having well-stacked thylakoids and plastoglobuli. Branched and complicated plasmodesmata frequently occurred in thick interfaces of the two layers, implying the active movement of the photosynthates between them. The present data were mostly congruent with one of the structural features of the C4 subtypes , NADP-ME type, reported in the $C_4$ pattern. The Kranz pattern encountered in this Salsola probably has been directly related to the structural modification that occurred during a functional adaptation to the $C_4$ photosynthesis.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.89-99
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• 1990

Morphology, anatomy and diurnal acid fluctuations were investigated monthly for the succulent C4 dicot Portulaca grandiflora Hook. growing under natural environmental conditions. Modified Kranz-Type sturcture and typical CAM-like cells were shown in leaves and stems, respectively. Values of indices of mesophyll succulence inleaves stems were 5.62 and 16.68, respectively. The number of stomata were 1476$\textrm{cm}^{-2}$ in leaves while the stomata in stems were not observed through growing seasons from spring to summer. However, on Sep. 16, 1981 in defoliate autumn season, stomata were begun to be produced for the first time in stems and the number were increased gradually to 216$\textrm{cm}^{-2}$ on Oct. 29. This feature can be interpreted as a seasonal plant dimorphism. P. grandiflora exhibited a diurnal fluctuation of titratable acidity in leaves and stems. Seasonal amplitudes of acid fluctuation in stems were as follows: 27 $\mu$eq./g.f.wt. on Sep. 21; 57$\mu$eq/g.f.wt. on Oct. 3; 80$\mu$eq./g.f.wt. on Oct. 21. Such the results in seasonal amplitude were able to consider due to decrease of light period and cool night air temperature according to change of season. Also, the naturally defoliated stems which had already stomata exhibited usual diurnal acid fluctuation, on the other hand the treated stems which possessed artificially closed stomata showed a few of acid fluctuation. Especially, stomata in stems are developed by seasonal dimorphism and activated stomata participate in CAM behavior of stems.