• Title/Summary/Keyword: Multifunctionality

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Multifunctionality of Agriculture in the Environment Education (환경교육에서의 농업의 다원적 기능)

  • Lim, Hyung-Baek
    • Hwankyungkyoyuk
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.36-53
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    • 2007
  • Environment is the important issue in many field of study. EU introduced multifunctionality of agriculture in 1980s and adopted strong policy to support that in 1990s. Environment is very important factor of multifunctionality of agriculture. But multifunctionality is not purpose in itself. It is exceptional rule and a means to an purpose. Multifunctionality of agriculture is relation to logic of economics. Mutifunctionality of agriculture was introduced in Korea in 1990s. Owing to different paradigm approach, multifunctionality of agriculture and environmental education have different concept and basis. The purpose of this study is to introduce socio-economical context of multifunctionality of agriculture and enhance mutual understand. More study activities should be encouraged to improve mutual understand and interdisciplinary research.

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Valuing Sociocultural Multifunctionality of Rural Areas in Korea (농촌 사회문화적 공익기능의 경제적 가치)

  • Hwang, Jeong-Im;Kim, Eun-Ja;Rhee, Sang-Young;Lee, Seong-Woo
    • Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.643-668
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study is to estimate the value of the sociocultural multifunctionality of rural areas in Korea. The sociocultural multifunctionality of rural areas consists of emotional comfort, green landscape, cultural heritage, and rural viability values. The value of the sociocultural multifunctionality was assessed by contingent valuation method incoporating preference uncertainty. The log-logit models indicated that households were willing to pay 14,027~26,757 won per month and the model with preference uncertainty gave the highest WTP. WTP was affected by respondent's sex, location, awareness of relation with multifunctionality and others. The total value of sociocultural multifunctionality of rural areas in Korea estimated to 2,691~5,134 billion won per year.

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In-service Education Program Development on Multifunctionality of Agriculture and Rural Areas (농업.농촌의 다원적 기능 교원연수 프로그램 개발)

  • Hwang, Jeong-Im;Kim, Eun-Ja;Lee, Sang-Young
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.129-141
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this study was to develop an in-service education program on multifunctionality of agriculture and rural areas. The in-service education program for general agricultural education was developed by reviewing literature, analyzing domestic in-service education programs. The program consisted of 3 fields - understanding, experiencing multifunctionality, and applying it to classroom, and contents validity was evaluated by 3 experts. And the program was applied to 268 elementary and secondary school teachers. Before and after the in-service education program, the survey was conducted. The survey questions were about motivation of participation, satisfaction level of program, and so on. Based on the analysis of survey data, some recommendations were suggested.

Assessing Public Attitude for Multifunctional Roles of the U.S. Agriculture Using a Bivariate Ordered Probit Model (Bivariate Ordered Probit 모형을 이용한 미국 농업의 다원적 기능에 대한 소비자 인식분석)

  • Han, Jung-Hee;Moon, Wan-Ki;Cho, Yong-Sung
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.413-439
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    • 2009
  • This study conducts a survey and test to understand U.S. public's perception about multifunctionality. The questionnaire suggests seven alternative way of providing questions about intangible benefits provided by agriculture in the U.S. The final questionnaire was administered as an e-mail survey in June 2008 to a nationally representative household panel maintained in the U.S. by the Ipsos Observer. Data analysis shows that 64 percent of respondents considered the multifunctionality of agriculiture as an important issue and 45 percent of respondents were in favor of increasing government expenditure to support farmland preservation. Using Fishbein's multi-attribute model as a theoretical background, this paper develops an empirical model to assess and attributes of multifunctionality. For the analysis, bivariate orderd probit model was set up to reflect respondent's attitude. Regression analyses show that two questions (how much you agree with agriculture's intangible benefit and increasing government expenditure to support agriculture) are shaped by different sets of facts.

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MUITI-FUNCTION ROLES IN PADDY-FIELD AND ON-FARM IRRIGATION (논과 포장관개의 다원적 역할)

  • Kwun, Soon-Kuk
    • Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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    • v.44 no.3
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    • pp.19-26
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    • 2002
  • Despite the unfamiliar term "multifunctionality of agriculture" and the tremendous number of debates made over the past 10 years, multiple benefits from paddy rice farming in the Asian monsoon region are very significance due to the various inherent characteristics of paddy rice in this lesion. They were identified as rural vitalization, social security, nature and environmental preservations, and social and cultural functions. As studies estimating the monetary value of nature and environmental functions in Korea and Japan revealed, the economic value of multifunctionality from paddy rice farming reached to 70∼150% of total annual rice production cost of each country, and would have been even higher, had other functions been included. Therefore, interdisciplinary and international researches within the monsoon Asian countries are necessary to develop counter-measure logics against the Western dry land farming countries, emphasizing the efforts to disseminate worldwide the significance and recognition of the multifunctionality of paddy rice farming under the Asian monsoon climate.

A Comparative Study on Rural Development of Korea and EU (한국과 EU의 농촌개발의 비교)

  • Lim, Hyung-Baek;Cho, Joong-Koo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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    • v.10 no.2 s.23
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    • pp.25-34
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    • 2004
  • The objectives of this study were to compare rural development of Korea and EU. According to its traits the peroids of rural development of Korea can be divided into low periods. According to its memberships and traits the periods of rural development of EU can be divided into low periods. There are many similarities between Korea and EU in agricultural situation and rural development. EU introduced multifunctionality of agriculture in 1980s and adopt strong policy to support that in 1990s. And EU made a effort sustainable rural development, integrated rural development and balanced regional development. Recently Korea not only maintain agricultural expanisionism but also pay attention to multifunctionality of agriculture. But rural development of Korea still in the stage of physical planning and agricultural expanisionism. So it leaves much room for improvement to rural development of Korea in rural development regulation, unifying theme, detail planning, integration among policies, balanced regional development, etc.

Multifunctionality in Ceramic/Metal Nanocomposites

  • Sekino, Tohru;Kondo, Hiroki;Niihara, Koichi
    • Journal of Powder Materials
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.186-191
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    • 2001
  • Several fabrication processes, corresponding nanostructural features and multifunctionality as well has been investigated for oxide ceramic based nanocomposites with metal nanodispersion (i.e., ceramic/metal nanocomposites). Transition metal (Ni, Co, etc) dispersed alumina and zirconia based nanocomposites have been synthesized by reducing and hot-press sintering of ceramic and metal oxide mixtures prepared by several method. Improved fracture strength (1.1 and 1.9 GPa for $Al_2O_3/Ni$ and $ZrO_2/Ni$ nanocomposites, respectively) of these composites have been achieved according to their nanostructures. In addition, ferromagnetic characteristic has been kept. The variation of magnetization with an applied stress has found to be more sensitive as smaller as the magnetic metal dispersion is. This result thus suggests the possibility of fracture and/or stress sensing of the composites by simple magnetic measurement.

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Current Issues and Rural Policies of Less-favored Areas in Japan

  • Nakashima, Yasuhiro
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.107-112
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    • 2009
  • In Japan, the direct payment scheme for mountainous areas was introduced in order to enhance multifunctionality of less-favored areas in 2000. A comprehensive ex post assessment showed that the scheme effectively contributed to prevention of abandoned cultivated lands, maintenance and enhancement of multifunctionality of agriculture, continuous assistance for agricultural production, and revitalization of community. In 2005 a second round of the scheme started and urged encouraging core farmers, improving productivity, and reinforcing inter-village coalition as to promote autonomous and sustainable rural economies. A new different scheme such as 'measures to conserve and improve land, water and environment' was launched for strengthening conservation and management of rural resources over all areas in 2007. It covers one third of paddy fields with regards to maintenance of water facilities and practice of group eco-farming beyond less-favored area. A lot of public programs have been developed for rural revitalization recently. Additionally some have a complementary role to enlarging cultural multifunctionality in rural societies. We could interpret the institutional progress as an evolutionary path of rural development and environmental schemes for the past decade. Much experience of community works through the direct payment scheme for mountainous areas may have resulted in accumulation of social competence for elaboration of rural management..

An Analysis of Inhabitants Consciousness and Foreign Case Study of Saemangeum Lake Dykes for Environment-friendly Utilization (새만금 방수제의 친환경적 활용을 위한 해외선진사례 및 주민의식 분석)

  • Choi, Soo-Myung;Kim, Young-Joo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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    • v.10 no.4 s.25
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    • pp.45-54
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    • 2004
  • In this study, the actual states and cases utilizing lake dykes were investigated focusing on large-scale reclamation project in domestic and instances in advanced foreign countries. The attitudes investigation concerning lake dykes utilization was performed to residents in-and-around Saemangeum. According to the research result, in domestic the utilization of lake dyke have not attracted attention because maximizing land use, which was the primary purpose of reclamation project at the early stage, has been emphasized so far. The advanced foreign countries, however, not only make use of farmland, but also develop activities employing lake dykes. According to the result of an analysis for local residents' attitudes, they want to be used Saemangeum lake dykes as a multifunctionality facilities performing a role of environment friendly equipment as well as a breakwater. They also require further investigation and to be introduced new system far utilizing as a multifunctionality facilities. Recently, green tourism is getting attention more and more owing to laying stress on balanced development of country and improvement on life quality of rural residents and launching five days in duty. It is believed that on this favorable trend lake dykes an be employed as a primary tourism resource if its utilization is developed actively.