• 제목/요약/키워드: Muscle Activation Signal

검색결과 67건 처리시간 0.021초

근 부피 센서를 이용한 인체 팔꿈치 관절의 동작 토크 추정 (Torque Estimation of the Human Elbow Joint using the MVS (Muscle Volume Sensor))

  • 이희돈;임동환;김완수;한정수;한창수;안재용
    • 한국정밀공학회지
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    • 제30권6호
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    • pp.650-657
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    • 2013
  • This study uses a muscle activation sensor and elbow joint model to develop an estimation algorithm for human elbow joint torque for use in a human-robot interface. A modular-type MVS (Muscle Volume Sensor) and calibration algorithm are developed to measure the muscle activation signal, which is represented through the normalization of the calibrated signal of the MVS. A Hill-type model is applied to the muscle activation signal and the kinematic model of the muscle can be used to estimate the joint torques. Experiments were performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm by isotonic contraction motion using the KIN-COM$^{(R)}$ equipment at 5, 10, and 15Nm. The algorithm and its feasibility for use as a human-robot interface are verified by comparing the joint load condition and the torque estimated by the algorithm.

전기자극에 대한 턱근육의 억제반사 메카니즘의 모델링에 관한 연구 (A Study on a Modeling of the Inhibitory Reflex Mechanism of Jaw Muscle Induced by Electrical Stimulation)

  • 김성환;김태훈;조일준;유세근
    • 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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    • 제52권9호
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    • pp.560-567
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    • 2003
  • EMG recordings of the electrical activity of muscle have proved to be a valuable tool in studying muscle function and reflex activity. SP(silent period) is elicited by a electrical stimulation on the chin during isometric contraction of jaw muscle. This paper proposes a model of the inhibitory reflex mechanism of jaw muscle after electrical stimulation. The SPs of jaw muscle after a electrical stimulation to the chin were divided into SP1 and SP2. SP1 is produced by the activation of periodontal receptors. The activation of nociceptors contributes to the SP2. As a result, the EMG signal generated by a proposed a model of inhibitory reflex mechanism is similar to real both EMG signal including SP1 and SP2. The present study have shown differences of SP1 and SP2 induced by inhibitory reflex mechanism.

물리적 인간 기계 상호작용을 위한 근육의 기하학적 형상 변화를 이용한 상지부 움직임 예측 (Prediction of the Upper Limb Motion Based on a Geometrical Muscle Changes for Physical Human Machine Interaction)

  • 한효녕;김정
    • 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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    • 제16권10호
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    • pp.927-932
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    • 2010
  • Estimation methods of motion intention from bio-signal present challenges in man machine interaction(MMI) to offer user's command to machine without control of any devices. Measurements of meaningful bio-signals that contain the motion intention and motion estimation methods from bio-signal are important issues for accurate and safe interaction. This paper proposes a novel motion estimation sensor based on a geometrical muscle changes, and a motion estimation method using the sensor. For estimation of the motion, we measure the circumference change of the muscle which is proportional to muscle activation level using a flexible piezoelectric cable (pMAS, piezo muscle activation sensor), designed in band type. The pMAS measures variations of the cable band that originate from circumference changes of muscle bundles. Moreover, we estimate the elbow motion by applying the sensor to upper limb with least square method. The proposed sensor and prediction method are simple to use so that they can be used to motion prediction device and methods in rehabilitation and sports fields.

Mechanosensitive Modulation of Receptor-Mediated Crossbridge Activation and Cytoskeletal Organization in Airway Smooth Muscle

  • Hai, Chi-Ming
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • 제23권6호
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    • pp.535-547
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    • 2000
  • Recent findings indicate that mechanical strain (deformation) exerted by the extracellular matrix modulates activation of airway smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, cytoskeletal organization in airway smooth muscle appears to be dynamic, and subject to modulation by receptor activation and mechanical strain. Mechanosensitive modulation of crossbridge activation and cytoskeletal organization may represent intracellular feedback mechanisms that limit the shortening of airway smooth muscle during bronchoconstriction. Recent findings suggest that receptor-mediated signal transduction is the primary target of mechanosensitive modulation. Mechanical strain appears to regulate the number of functional G-proteins and/or phospholipase C enzymes in the cell membrane possibly by membrane trafficking and/or protein translocation. Dense plaques, membrane structures analogous to focal adhesions, appear to be the primary target of cytoskeletal regulation. Mechanical strain and receptor-binding appear to regulate the assembly and phosphorylation of dense plaque proteins in airway smooth muscle cells. Understanding these mechanisms may reveal new pharmacological targets for control1ing airway resistance in airway diseases.

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교근에서의 정상 및 비정상 근전도 휴지기 발생 모델링 (A Modelling of Normal and Abnormal EMG Silent Period Generation of Masseter Muscle)

  • 김태훈;전창익;이상훈
    • 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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    • 제52권2호
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    • pp.112-119
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    • 2003
  • This paper proposes a model of SP(silent period) generation in masseter muscle by means of computer simulation. The model is based on the anatomical and physiological properties of trigeminal nervous system. In determining the SP generation pathway, evoked SPs of masseter muscle after mechanical stimulation to the chin are divided into normal and abnormal group. Normal SP is produced by the activation of mechanoreceptors in periodontal ligament. The activation of nociceptors contributes to the latter part of normal SP, abnormal extended SP is produced. As a result, the EMG signal generated by a proposed SP generation model is similar to both real EMG signal including normal SP and abnormal extended SP with TMJ patients. The result of this study have shown differences of SP generation mechanism between subjects both with and without TMJ dysfunction.

이두근의 근전도 출력과 동기화된 뇌파의 활성도 변화와 신호의 제어 가능성 (Changes in EEG Activity Synchronized with EMG output of Biceps and Signal Control Possibility)

  • 전부일;조현찬
    • 전기전자학회논문지
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.1195-1201
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    • 2018
  • 본 논문은 인간의 신체활동에 있어서 뇌의 신호가 연결된 근육으로 정보를 제공하고 받아오는 과정에서 유의미한 결과를 나타내는지에 관한 관계를 해석한다. 사람의 의식적 활동은 활동에 필요한 근육의 동작을 위하여 뇌로부터 생성된 전기신호의 전달에 의해 가능해 진다. 근육의 활성정보를 가지고 있는 근전도 신호는 근육활성화의 결과를 전기적인 신호로 출력하는데, 이 출력은 보통 근육의 수축과 이완에 따른 근육활성 정보를 출력한다. 본 연구에서는 이런 뇌전도와 근전도를 실시간으로 추출하여 데이터를 획득하고, 데이터 분석을 통해 눈으로 쉽게 확인하기 어려운 두 신호간의 관계를 분석하는데 목적이 있다.

상지운동 동안 기저면의 넓이 변화가 체간과 하지의 근 활성도에 미치는 영향 (Effects of the Width in the Base of Support on Trunk and Lower Extremity Muscle Activation During Upper Extremity Exercise)

  • 윤혜선;최흥식;김택훈;신헌석;이강성
    • 한국전문물리치료학회지
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.43-50
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    • 2004
  • This study was designed to determine the effects of different widths in the base of support (BOS) on trunk and lower extremity muscle activation during upper extremity exercise. Twenty-seven healthy male subjects volunteered for this study. Exercises were performed for a total of 10 trials with a load of 10 repetitions maximum (10 RM) for each of the various widths of BOS (10 cm, 32 cm, 45 cm). The width of a BOS is the distance between each medial malleoli when a subject was in a comfortable standing position. Electromyography was used to determine muscle activation. Surface bipolar electrodes were applied over the tibialis anterior, medial gastrocnemius, biceps femoris, rectus femoris, gluteus maximus, upper rectus abdominis, and elector spinae muscle. Electromyographic (EMG) root mean square (RMS) signal intensity was normalized to 5 seconds of EMG obtained with a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). The data were analyzed by atwo-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated-measures ($3{\times}7$) and Bonferroni post hoc test. The results were as follows: (1) There were significant differences in the width of the BOS (p=.006). (2) The post hoc test showed significant differences with the BOS between 10 cm and 32 cm, between 10 cm and 45 cm and between 32 cm and 35 cm (p=.008, p=.003, p=.011). (3) There was no interaction with the BOS and muscle. (p=.438) There were no significant differences in the muscle activation (p=.215).

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상지운동 동안 복부에 적용된 압력 차이가 요부와 복부 근육 활성도에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Applied Pressure Differences to Abdomen on Lumbar and Abdominal Muscle Activation During Upper Limb Exercise)

  • 고은혜;윤혜선;신헌석;이강성
    • 대한물리치료과학회지
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.96-103
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of applied pressure to abdomen on lumbar and abdominal muscle activation during upper limb exercise. The experimental group consisted of twenty-seven healthy male subjects (mean age=$22.40{\pm}2.19years$, mean height=$175.30{\pm}2.19cm$, mean weight= $67.67{\pm}7.44kg$, RM=$8.43{\pm}2.76kg$). In each different pressure condition (OmmHg, 30mmHg, 70mmHg, 100mmHg), upper limb exercise was performed in total of 10 trials with 10 RM dumb-bell exercise. Lumbar and abdominal muscle activity was measured using surface bipolar electrode electromyography(EMG). EMG activity was measured from upper rectus abdominis, external oblique abdominis, internal oblique abdominis, and elector spinae. The raw EMG signal was processed into the root mean square(RMS). All RMS EMG data were normalized and express as a percentage of the EMG(%EMG). Collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS/PC Ver 10.0 using two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures($4{\pm}3$) and Bonferroni post hoc, test. Lumbar and abdominal muscle activation was significantly increased when 100 mmHg was applied(p<.05). Upper rectus abdominis activation was significantly increased compared as other muscles activation(p<.05). However, there were no interaction between pressure and muscles(p>.05). The findings of this study can be used as a fundamental data when lumbar orthosis is applied and external pressure can be used as a therapeutic tool.

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무릎근력 지원용 모듈식 웨어러블 시스템 개발 (Development of a Modular-type Knee-assistive Wearable System)

  • 유승남;한정수;한창수
    • 대한인간공학회지
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.357-364
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    • 2010
  • This study proposes a lower-limb exoskeleton system that is controlled by a wearer's muscle activity. This system is designed by following procedure. First, analyze the muscle activation patterns of human leg while walking. Second, select the adequate actuator to support the human walking based on calculation of required force of knee joint for step walking. Third, unit type knee and ankle orthotics are integrated with selected actuator. Finally, using this knee-assistive system (KAS) and developed muscle stiffness sensors (MSS), the muscle activity pattern of the subject is analyzed while he is walking on the stair. This study proposes an operating algorithm of KAS based on command signal of MSS which is generated by motion intent of human. A healthy and normal subject walked while wearing the developed powered-knee exoskeleton on his/her knees, and measured effectively assisted plantar flexor strength of the subject's knees and those neighboring muscles. Finally, capabilities and feasibility of the KAS are evaluated by testing the adapted motor pattern and the EMG signal variance while walking with exoskeleton. These results shows that developed exoskeleton which controlled by muscle activity could help human's walking acceptably.

4주간 달리기 운동이 흰쥐의 전경골근에서 ERK 및 JNK의 활성화에 미치는 영향 (Effects of 4 Week Exercise on Activation of Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinases and c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Pathways in Rat Tibialis Muscle)

  • 최석준;신병철;박한수;김모경;신철호;김민선
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.76-81
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    • 2007
  • The effect of either low or high intensity four weeks exercise treadmill running on the activation of the extracellular-signal regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) pathways was determined in rat tibialis muscle. Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to one of three groups: (i) sedentary group(NE; n=10); (ii) low intensity exercise group (8m/min; LIE; n=10); and (iii) high intensity exercise group(28m/min; HIE; n=10). The training regimens were planned so that animals covered the same distance and had similar glycogenutilization for both LIE and HIE exercise sessions. After four weeks exercise, 48 h after the last exercise bout obtained samples. pERK1 increased 1.5 times comparing with the sedentary group in the low intensity group while it increased 11.7 times in high intensity group, in the tibialis of rats. In the low intensity group, pERK2 increased 1.4 times comparing with the sedentary group while it increased 3.3 times in high intensity group. While pJNK1 decreased 0.9 times, comparing with the sedentary group, pJNK2 was increased to 0.5 times in the low intensity group. But in high intensity group, pJNK2 decreased 0.7 times while pJNK1 didn't show any change. In conclusion, Four weeks exercise of different intensities results in tibialis muscle activation of intracellular signal pathways, which may be one mechanism regulating specific adaptations induced by different exercise intensities.