• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.103-112
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• 2008

Objectives: Indongdeungjikolpi-tang(IJT) is used as a traditional treatment of diabetes in oriental clinincs. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic effect of Indongdeungjikolpi-tang(IJT) in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ; 60 mg/kg BW) to Sprague-Dawley male rats. Experimental animals(six per group), were treated by oral administration of IJT(100 and 500 mg/kg BW) and glibendimide(3 mg/kg), a known antidiabetic drug for comparison, during 4 weeks. We measured the levels of glucose, insuline, triglyceride, creatinine and urea in sera of each group. An oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) was also performed in all groups. Results: IJT(100 and 500 mg/kg) significantly reduced blood glucose levels and increased plasma insulin levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats. IJT also significantly reduced the plasma levels of tryglyceride, creatinine and urea in STZ-induced diabetic rats. The OGTT results showed a significant improvement in glucose tolerance in IJT-administrated rats. Conclusions: These data indicate that IJT may improve glocose homeostasis in STZ-induced diabetes, which could be associated with stimulation of insulin secretion.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.366-374
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• 2013

Anti-diabetic activities of cultured mycelia from Ganoderma applanatum are being evaluated in this study. The OGTT and 4-weeks of repeated oral efficacy tests are conducted in mice at the doses of 0 (vehicle treatment), 25, 75 and 225 mg/kg/day, respectively. In human study, the test article was administered orally every day for 8-week at a dose of 1,500 mg/kg, tid and placebo group. The blood glucose levels (BGL) at 0.5 hour after treatment are significant decreased in all treatment groups of OGTT test. In the 4-week test, BGL of 75 and 225 mg/kg/day group is continuously decreased during all treatment periods and the BGL of 25 mg/kg/day group show decreasing trends at the final week, the pancreas weight of all treatment groups are being increased, and the Langerhans-islet numbers were increased at all treatment groups with a dose-response manner. There are no test article-related abnormal signs and the fasted blood glucose (FBG), postprandial blood glucose (PPG) and HbA1c are decreased significantly after 8-week treatments. These results that the cultured mycelia from Ganoderma applanatum could decrease BGL by protecting the degeneration of Langerhans islets.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate anti-glycemic and anti-lipid effects of Supungsunkihwan-gagambang, which is composed of Cornus officinalis, Dioscorea Batatas Decaisne, Auantii fructus and Platicodon grandiflorum. Methods: Diabetes was induced in ICR male mice ($24{\pm}1g$) with Surwit's high fat and high sucrose diet. Mice were divided into 3 groups (n=10) of normal, control and Supungsunkihwan-gagambang. The Supungsunkihwan-gagambang group was given 5% herbal medicine in their diet. The animals were fed on each experimental diet for 8 weeks. Body weight was assessed every week. At the 7th week, the fasting blood sugar (FBS) and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were conducted in all experimental groups. After 8 weeks, fructosamine, lipid profile, epididymal fat weight, liver weight and white adipose tissue (WAT) size were measured. Results: Supungsunkihwan-gagambang significantly reduced FBS, OGTT and fructosamine. It also increased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and significantly reduced triglyceride/HDL cholesterol ratio, total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio and WAT size. Conclusions: These results show that Supungsunkihwan-gagambang improves anti-glycemic and anti-lipid effect in high fat diet-induced obese mice. Therefore we suggest that Supungsunkihwan-gagambang could be an effective treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.94-100
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• 2012

Guava ($Psidium$ $guajava$) contain a great deal of polyphenol compound and work on the treatment of $Diabetes$ $mellitus$ effectively. In this study, the bioactivities of aqueous extract (GLEx) of guava leaf were investigated. Total phenolic contents of GLEx was 266.9 mg tan/g. The effects of GLEx on digestive enzymes, ${\alpha}$-amylase, maltase and sucrase were investigated. $IC_{50}$ values of GLEx against ${\alpha}$-amylase, maltase and sucrase were 0.65 mg/$m{\ell}$, 2.0 mg/$m{\ell}$ and 3.5 mg/$m{\ell}$ respectively. The effect of GLEx on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in normal ICR mouse, control (dstilled water) and GLEx (aqueous extract of Guava leaf) were co-administered orally with glucose, showed reducing effect on the blood glucose level. The guava is likely to useful for prevention or improvement of hyperglycemia by lowering the blood glucose level and inhibiting glycoside hydrolase activity.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.445-450
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• 2008

The effects of fermented goat milk supplemented with citrus concentrate on blood glucose levels in streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats were examined. Streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats (type II) were divided into five experimental groups treated with metformin, goat milk, fermented goat milk, fermented goat milk containing citrus concentrate, or no supplementation (control). The rats in each group were examined weekly for blood levels of glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride. HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol. and body weight. On the $24^{th}$ day of the experiment, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out. Administration of fermented goat milk to the diabetic rats significantly decreased blood glucose and triglyceride levels, while administration of metformin (33.3 mg/kg body weight) did not significantly lower blood glucose levels. Fermented goat milk containing citrus concentrate caused a significant decrease in blood glucose levels in the OGTT at 30 min. This study shows that supplementation with fermented goat milk containing citrus concentrate may be a practical method of reducing blood glucose levels in type II diabetics.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.252-258
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• 2008

This study was designed to determine whether acute fructose or sucrose administration at different levels (0.05 g/kg, 0.1 g/kg or 0.4 g/kg body weight) might affect oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in normal and type 2 diabetic rats. In OGTT, there were no significant differences in glucose responses between acute fructose- and sucrose-administered groups. However, in normal rats, the AUCs of the blood glucose response for the fructose-administered groups tended to be lower than those of the control and sucrose-administered groups. The AUCs of the lower levels fructose- or sucrose-administered groups tended to be smaller than those of higher levels fructose- or sucrose-administered groups. In type 2 diabetic rats, only the AUC of the lowest level of fructose-administered (0.05 g/kg body weight) group was slightly smaller than that of the control group. The AUCs of fructose-administered groups tended to be smaller than those of the sucrose-administered groups, and the AUCs of lower levels fructose-administered groups tended to be smaller than those fed higher levels of fructose. We concluded from this experiment that fructose has tendency to be more effective in blood glucose regulation than sucrose, and moreover, that smaller amount of fructose is preferred to larger amount. Specifically, our experiments indicated that the fructose level of 0.05 g/kg body weight as dietary supplement was the most effective amount for blood glucose regulation from the pool of 0.05 g/kg, 0.1 g/kg and 0.4 g/kg body weights. Therefore, our results suggest the use of fructose as the substitute sweetener for sucrose, which may be beneficial for blood glucose regulation.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.367-378
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• 2018

Purpose: To examine effects of a postnatal care program on self-efficacy, self-management, and glycemic control in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: A non-equivalent control group non-synchronized quasi-experimental design was used. Sixty-two women with GDM were enrolled and assigned to either an experimental group (n=30) or a control group (n=32). The experimental group received an intervention which was postnatal care program for women with GDM. The postnatal care program for GDM included an individual education with leaflet and mobile web-based video with three times of telephone counseling. Effects of the intervention were measured with self-efficacy, self-management questionnaire, and a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (75g OGTT). Statistical significance was examined using independent t-test and $x^2-test$. Results: Although there was no significant difference in 75g OGTT ($x^2=.11$, p=.748) or self-management (t=-1.28, p=.206), there was a statistically significant increase in self-efficacy (t=-2.02, p=.048) in the experimental group compared to that in the control group. Conclusion: A postnatal care program is needed for women with GDM to improve their self-efficacy. Further studies are warranted to improve self-management and glycemic control through tailored education for GDM postpartum women.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.206-212
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• 2023

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the associations between hematologic parameters related to systemic inflammation and insulin resistance-associated metabolic parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: Eighty-two women between the ages of 18 and 35 years who were diagnosed with PCOS were included in this study. A 2-hour 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered to all study participants; fasting and postprandial glucose and insulin levels were measured simultaneously during the 2-hour OGTT. Hematologic parameters were derived from a standard complete blood count and a differential count of fasting-state blood samples. The correlations between hematologic parameters and insulin resistance-associated clinical and metabolic parameters were evaluated using the Spearman rank correlation and partial correlation coefficients. Hematologic parameters related to systemic inflammation were compared between the two groups, categorized by the presence or absence of insulin resistance. Results: Significant differences in the absolute neutrophil count, absolute monocyte count, platelet count, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio were found between the insulin-resistant group and insulin-nonresistant group. Correlation analysis found that all hematological parameters, except for the platelet-lymphocyte ratio, were associated with at least one insulin resistance-associated metabolic parameter. However, these significant correlations between hematological and metabolic parameters were attenuated after controlling for the effects of other covariates using partial correlation analysis. Conclusion: The association between hematologic parameters indicative of systemic inflammation and insulin resistance-associated metabolic parameters seems to be strongly influenced by other anthropometric covariates in women with PCOS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.321-326
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• 2011

The aim of the present study was to investigate antihyperglycemic effect of Gleditschiae Spina (GS) in streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide (NA)-induced type 2 diabetic rats. The rats were divided into four groups: normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic rats supplemented with acarbose (AC, 4 mg/kg), and with GS ethanol extracts (GSE, 50 mg/kg). Weekly fasting blood glucose (FBG) for 10 weeks and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 10th week were monitored using glucose oxidase-peroxidase reactive strips. The FBG level was significantly reduced in AC group after 8 weeks and in GSE group at the end of period. The AUCs for the glucose response from OGTT and blood glucose level after sacrifice were significantly lower in the AC and GSE groups than the DC group. GSE supplementation significantly increased plasma total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP) in STZ-NA-induced diabetic rats, compared with DC group. The present study indicates that GSE could ameliorate type 2 diabetes and be comparable to acarbose, a standard hypoglycemic drug. Also, we suggest that GSE may possess antioxidant activity against the STZ-NA-induced oxidative stress.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.665-671
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• 2006

Purpose : To study the effects of growth hormone(GH) treatment on glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in children with idiopathic short stature(ISS). Methods : Glucose and insulin concentrations were measured during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after GH treatment(0.6-0.7 IU/kg/week) in 20 patients with ISS. Insulin resistance was assessed by homeostasis model assessment(HOMA). Results : During OGTT, the mean blood glucose level did not show any significant changes after GH treatment. However, mean blood insulin levels of fasting and 30 minutes of OGTT showed significant increases after GH treatment, accompanying significant increases of insulin resistance. There was no difference in change of glucose, insulin levels and insulin resistance before and after GH treatment between two groups of body mass indices(BMI) of 25< and >25. There also was no significant difference between two groups of with and without family histories of diabetes mellitus (DM). There was no case of newly developed impaired glucose tolerance, fasting glucose tolerance, nor newly developed DM. Conclusion : GH treatment with doses of 0.6-0.7 IU/kg/week for mean 9.6 months in patients with ISS did not show any significant changes in blood glucose levels during OGTT. However, GH treatments induced considerably higher fasting insulin levels compared to pretreatment, resulting in statistically higher insulin resistance. Higher BMI and family history of DM did not induce any significant changes in glucose, insulin level and insulin resistance after GH treatment than the other groups.