• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2021

The goal of this study was to explore the use of multiple SNS platforms and determine whether the number of used platforms affects one's online self-presentations across the said platforms and if there is any difference in one's online and offline self-presentations based on how many SNS platforms are used. This work studied online self-presentations, compared the on/offline ones and tried to find out if the inconsistencies of one's own (observer's) self-presentations both online (across platforms) and on/offline affected the observer's impression formation (likability, trustworthiness and hypocrisy) of others. The study also aimed to find out if the impression of the others' inconsistency both online and offline would differ based on the level of intimacy between the observer and the discussant. Three levels of intimacy were studied in order to do this: friends, acquaintances and strangers (online-only friends). The results showed that the more platforms people used the more inconsistent their online self-presentations got. Even though the results of the study showed barely significant relationship between the number of SNS accounts and one's online and offline self-presentation, and partial connection between observer's inconsistent self-presentations and impression formation of others, interestingly enough, the results managed to find significant differences between the impressions based on the level of intimacy between the observer and the discussants.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.539-545
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• 2015

Deduplication technique can expand the lifespan and capacity of flash memory-based storage devices by eliminating duplicated write operations. The deduplication techniques can be classified into two approaches, i.e., online and offline approaches. We propose an offline deduplication technique that uses a lightweight hash algorithm, whereas the previous offline technique uses a high-cost hash algorithm. Therefore, the memory space for caching hash values can be reduced, and more pages can be examined for deduplication during short idle intervals. As a result, it can provide shorter write latencies compared to the online approach, and can show low garbage collection costs compared to the previous offline deduplication technique.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.362-374
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• 2013

ICTs(Information and Communication Technologies) have changed the ways of social activities and communications, and in the process, online and offline spaces have been thought of as binary spaces in which online spaces substitute and erode offline spaces. The aim of this study is to explore how urban space where local social activities and communications are performed is constructed in terms of timespace through the intersection of online and offline communications and how the urban space is 'remediated' through online spaces. For this, the study looks at the case of a workshop on 'locality education' held at the Yeungnam University Museum in January 2013. Criticizing the dichotomist viewpoint that increasing in communications through online spaces results in the expansion of 'absent presence' or 'placelessness' in offline spaces, the study argues that online spaces remediating offline spaces are spaces not transcending the timespace constraints of the offline spaces but rather reflecting the spatial, temporal, material, social, cultural environments of urban space and place.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1-19
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• 2018

Effective internal communication is known to have a positive impact on business performance, but there is a lack of research on the effects of online channels for workplace communication. This study using regression analysis examines how task-technology fit, information richness, self-efficacy, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness related to online communication channels affect not only the satisfaction with the tools but also the effectiveness of them. Additionally, we verify how the organizational culture of online and offline communication shows the control effect. As a result, all five variables were positively correlated with internal communication channels satisfaction, and we found that the organizational culture of online and offline communication controls the relationship between online communication channels satisfaction and effectiveness.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.131-142
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• 2011

In recent years, Social Network Service, which is defined as a web-based service that allows an individual to construct a public or a semi-public profile within a bounded system, articulates a list of other users with whom they share connections, and traverses their list of connections. For example, Facebook and Twitter are the representative sites of Social Network Service, and these sites are the big issue in the world. A lot of people use Social Network Services to connect and maintain social relationship. Recently the users of Social Network Services have increased dramatically. Accordingly, many organizations become interested in Social Network Services as means of marketing, media, communication with their customers, and so on, because social network services can offer a variety of benefits to organizations such as companies and associations. In other words, organizations can use Social Network Services to respond rapidly to various user's behaviors because Social Network Services can make it possible to communicate between the users more easily and faster. And marketing cost of the Social Network Service is lower than that of existing tools such as broadcasts, news papers, and direct mails. In addition, Social network Services are growing in market place. So, the organizations such as companies and associations can acquire potential customers for the future. However, organizations uniformly communicate with users through Social Network Service without consideration of the characteristics of the networks although networks have different effects on information deliveries. For example, members' cohesion in an offline communication is higher than that in an online communication because the members of the offline communication are very close. that is, the network of the offline communication has a strong tie. Accordingly, information delivery is fast in the network of the offline communication. In this study, we compose two networks which have different characteristic of communication in Twitter. First network is constructed with data based on an offline communication such as friend, family, senior and junior in school. Second network is constructed with randomly selected data from users who want to associate with friends in online. Each network size is 250 people who divide with three groups. The first group is an ego which means a person in the center of the network. The second group is the ego's followers. The last group is composed of the ego's follower's followers. We compare the networks through social network analysis and follower's reaction analysis. We investigate density and centrality to analyze the characteristic of each network. And we analyze the follower's reactions such as replies and retweets to find differences of information delivery in each network. Our experiment results indicate that density and centrality of the offline communicationbased network are higher than those of the online-based network. Also the number of replies are larger than that of retweets in the offline communication-based network. On the other hand, the number of retweets are larger than that of replies in the online based network. We identified that the effect of information delivery in the offline communication-based network was different from those in the online communication-based network through experiments. So, you configure the appropriate network types considering the characteristics of the network if you want to use social network as an effective marketing tool.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.317-327
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• 2015

For creative spatial design education, the convergence between new communication and education needs to be grafted including online, for which empirical research, this study is attempted. The goal of this study is to educate spatial design, systematically understand communication methods and analyze familiarity level and usefulness of on offline communication methods through actual spatial design studio class-giving cases. Its research outcome shows differing communication methods usefully applicable to stages of spatial design and methods enabling bilateral communication among class-takers as well as class-givers prove to be recognized as more useful than unilateral communication methods. Also, it proves familiarity and usefulness of online communication methods accompanied by visual materials such as images and etc. Based upon this result, it's necessary that various convergence for new communication methods for spatial design education be made in a right direction.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.957-963
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• 2011

This paper proposes a way to visualize the cyber space with respect to the offline space. In general, people have difficulties to understand the cyber space since it is not tangible and not visible. In businesses, both spaces depend on identical proposition of "salse of merchandise goods to customers". Here, 3 merchandise elements of "customers", "merchandise goods" and "salse" in the cyber space are compared to them in the offline spaces in order to visualize the cyber space in terms of businesses.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.3 s.65
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• pp.31-44
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• 2006

With 'the improvement of brand image through the consolidation of the online and offline brand images' as the goal, the focus of this study lies in brand color. In order to analyze the differences between the website and offline image of a brand, as felt by the consumers, a survey on color image was conducted. Using the results of the survey as the foundation, a comparative analysis of online and offline color images was conducted, and the discrepancies between the two specified. Furthermore, solutions in creating websites that cultivate brand consolidation through color consolidation are presented. Using the thesis 'Research on the Color Strategy of Brand-name Coffees,' as a guide, and supplementing it with necessary improvements, this study presents three areas to consider when designing or managing websites for offline brands. First of all, color image is not static but variable, meaning that it appeals to the consumers differently, depending on change in other brands, trends, consumer point of view, etc. Thus, color image must be flexible. Secondly, overall brand image can be improved by its offline color. However, it should be realized that identical colors could produce different results online and off. Lastly, in general, the online image falls behind the offline image, in regard to color strategy. Therefore, more meticulous and carefully planned color design is necessary, as is the consideration of the unique and distinctive qualities of the World Wide Web.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.3048-3067
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• 2021

This study examines the similarities and differences between the causes of juvenile delinquency in online and offline environments and in personal characteristics. The study utilizes data from the '2014 Survey on Juvenile Victimization in Korea'. The population of this survey is students attending middle and high schools across the country. While this paper is based on the Self-Control theory, opportunity factors based on the Routine Activity theory and the Situational Action theory are also applied. Results show that the causes of offline delinquency are low self-control, routine activity and frequent gaming and SNS use. The causes of online delinquency are high self-control, existence of communication with unknown persons and the spectrum of personal information online. The common element of offline and online delinquency was the presence of delinquent peers. These results show that while online and offline delinquency cannot be explained with the same methodology, at the same time they are not mutually exclusive.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.36-44
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• 2014

Exploiting the energy-delay tradeoff for energy saving is critical for developing green wireless communication systems. In this paper, we investigate the delay-constrained energy-efficient packet transmission. We aim to minimize the energy consumption of multiple randomly arrived packets in an additive white Gaussian noise channel subject to individual packet delay constraints, by taking into account the practical on-off circuit power consumption at the transmitter. First, we consider the offline case, by assuming that the full packet arrival information is known a priori at the transmitter, and formulate the energy minimization problem as a non-convex optimization problem. By exploiting the specific problem structure, we propose an efficient scheduling algorithm to obtain the globally optimal solution. It is shown that the optimal solution consists of two types of scheduling intervals, namely "selected-off" and "always-on" intervals, which correspond to bits-per-joule energy efficiency maximization and "lazy scheduling" rate allocation, respectively. Next, we consider the practical online case where only causal packet arrival information is available. Inspired by the optimal offline solution, we propose a new online scheme. It is shown by simulations that the proposed online scheme has a comparable performance with the optimal offline one and outperforms the design without considering on-off circuit power as well as the other heuristically designed online schemes.