• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.272-277
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• 2017

Organic-inorganic hybrid thermoelectric materials have obtained increasing attention because it opens the possibility of enhancing thermoelectric performance by utilizing the low thermal conductivity of organic thermoelectric materials and the high Seebeck coefficient of inorganic thermoelectric materials. Moreover, the organic-inorganic hybrid thermoelectric materials possess numerous advantages, including functional aspects such as flexibility or transparency, low cost raw materials, and simplified fabrication processes, thus, allowing for a wide range of potential applications. In this study, the types and synthesis methods of organic-inorganic thermoelectric hybrid materials were discussed along with the methods used to enhance their thermoelectric properties. As a key factor to maximize the thermoelectric performances of hybrid thermoelectric materials, the nanoengineering to control the nanostructure of the inorganic materials as well as the modification of the organic material structure and doping level are considered, respectively. Meanwhile, the interface between the inorganic and organic phase is also important to develop the hybrid thermoelectric module with excellent reliability and high thermoelectric efficiency in addition to its performance in various electronic devices.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.524-533
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• 2021

In this study, a series of anion conductive organic/inorganic composite membranes with excellent ionic conductivity and chemical stability were prepared by introducing graphene oxide (GO) inorganic nanofiller into the quaternized poly(phenylen oxide (Q-PPO) polymer matrix. The fabricated organic/inorganic composite membranes showed higher ionic conductivity than the pristine membrane. In particular, Q-PPO/GO 0.7 showed the highest ionic conductivity value of 143.2 mS/cm at 90℃, which was 1.56 times higher than the pristine membrane Q-PPO (91.5 mS/cm). In addition, the organic/inorganic composite membrane showed superior dimensional stability and alkaline stability compared to the pristine membrane, and the physicochemical stability was improved as the content of inorganic fillers increased. Therefore, we suggest that the as-prepared organic/inorganic composite membranes are very promising materials for anion exchange membrane applications with high conductivity and alkaline stability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.270-270
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• 2016

We fabricated an organic-inorganic nano laminated encapsulation layer using molecular layer deposition (MLD) combined with atomic layer deposition (ALD). The $Al_2O_3$ inorganic layers as an effective single encapsulation layer were deposited at 80 degree C using ALD with alternating surface-saturation reactions of TMA and $H_2O$. A self-assembled organic layers (SAOLs) were fabricated at the same temperature using MLD. MLD and ALD deposition process were performed in the same reaction chamber. The prepared SAOL-$Al_2O_3$ organic-inorganic nano laminate films exhibited good mechanical stability and excellent encapsulation property. The measurement of water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) was performed with Ca test. We controlled thickness-ratio of organic and inorganic layer, and specific ratio showed a lowest WVTR value. Also this encapsulation layer contained very few pin-holes or defects which were linked in whole area by defect test. To apply into real OLEDs panels, we controlled a film stress from tensile to compressive and flexibility defined as an elastic modulus with organic-inorganic ratio. It has shown that OLEDs panel encapsulated with nano laminate layer exhibits better properties than single layer encapsulated in acceleration conditions. These results indicate that the organic-inorganic nano laminate thin films have high potential for flexible display applications.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.271-280
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• 2016

When a single inorganic precursor is used for the synthesis of a sol-gel coating, there is a problem of cracking on the surface of coating layer. In order to solve this problem of surface cracking, we synthesized inorganic-organic coatings that have hybrid properties of inorganic and organic materials. Sols of various ratios (1:0.07, 0.2, 0.41, 0.82, 1.64, 3.26, 6.54, 13.2) of an inorganic precursor of Tetrabutylorthotitanate ($Ti(OBu)_4$, TBOT) and an organic precursor of ${\gamma}$-Methacryloxy propyltrimethoxysilane (MAPTS) were prepared and coated on stainless steels (SUS316L) by dip coating method. The binding structure and the physical properties of the synthesized coatings were analyzed by FT-IR, FE-SEM, FIB (Focused Ion Beam), and a nano-indenter. Dynamic polarization testing and EIS (electrical impedance spectroscopy) were carried out to evaluate the micro-defects and the corrosion properties of the coatings. The prepared coatings show hybrid properties of inorganic oxides and organic materials. Crack free coatings were prepared when the MAPTS ratio was above a critical value. As the MAPTS ratio increased, the thickness and the corrosion resistance increased, and the hardness decreased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.217-218
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• 2012

To prevent energy waste in buildings used heat insulator. Heat insulator materials can be classified inorganic and organic. The organic material is be toxic gas emission, when a fire occurs. And it has lower water resistance. The inorganic material is heavy and worse thermal performance than organic materials. This study focused on thermal conductivity and density of inorganic foam material for using industrial by-products materials.

• BioChip Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.268-279
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• 2018

Flower-shaped organic-inorganic hybrid nanostructures, termed nanoflowers, have received considerable recent attention as they possess greatly enhanced activity, stability, durability, and even selectivity of entrapped organic biomolecules, which are much better than those from the conventional methods. They can be synthesized simply via co-incubation of organic and inorganic components in aqueous buffer at room temperature and yield hierarchical nanostructures with large surface-to-volume ratios, allowing for low-cost production by easy scale-up, as well as the high loading capacity of biomolecules without severe mass transfer limitations. Since a pioneering study reported on hybrid nanoflowers prepared with protein and copper sulfate, many other organic and inorganic components, which endow nanoflowers with diverse functionalities, have been employed. Thanks to these features, they have been applied in a diverse range of areas, including biosensors and biocatalysis. To highlight the progress of research on organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers, this review discusses their synthetic methods and mechanisms, structural and biological characteristics, as well as recent representative applications. Current challenges and future directions toward the design and development of multi-functional nanoflowers for their widespread utilization in biotechnology are also discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.08a
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• pp.394-394
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• 2012

We fabricated organic-inorganic superlattice films using molecular layer deposition (MLD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD). The MLD is a gas phase process in the vacuum like to atomic layer deposition (ALD) and also relies on a self-terminating surface reaction of organic precursor which results in the formation of a monolayer in each sequence. In the MLD process, 'Alucone' is very famous organic thin film fabricated using MLD. Alucone layers were grown by repeated sequential surface reactions of trimethylaluminum and ethylene glycol at substrate temperature of $80^{\circ}C$. In addition, we developed UV-assisted $Al_2O_3$ with gas diffusion barrier property better than typical $Al_2O_3$. The UV light was very effective to obtain defect-free, high quality $Al_2O_3$ thin film which is determined by water vapor transmission rate (WVTR). Ellipsometry analysis showed a self-limiting surface reaction process and linear growth of each organic, inorganic film. Composition of the organic films was confirmed by infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Ultra-violet (UV) spectroscopy was employed to measure transparency of the organic-inorganic superlattice films. WVTR is calculated by Ca test. Organic-inorganic superlattice films using UV-assisted $Al_2O_3$ and alucone have possible use in gas diffusion barrier for OLED.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.626-631
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• 2017

Transparent plastic substrates require an improvement in properties such as surface hardness and thermal stability for optical applications. In this study, UV-curable organic/inorganic hybrids were synthesized to improve those properties. In order to make the optimum dispersion of inorganic component into the organic matrix, an in situ synthetic method was applied based on sol-gel reaction. Dispersion of the inorganic component in the organic urethane acrylate matrix was improved by using a proper combination of sol-gel reaction and fast UV-curing resulting in the formation of the transparent coating layer. Various alkoxy silanes were employed to vary both the degree of curing and coating properties of UV-curable organic/inorganic hybrids. UV-cured organic/inorganic hybrid coatings showed an improved surface hardness and thermal resistance depending on the content of inorganic component.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2008

A screening study of the acute toxicity of organic arsenics such as arsenobetaine and arsenocholine, a product of arsenic methylation metabolite, and inorganic arsenic was carried out to examine hematological and serum biochemical parameters in cynomolgus monkeys(Macaca fascicularis). We found soft and liquid feces, and vomiting in all treated groups with inorganic and organic arsenics. The monkeys in inorganic arsenic-treated group showed a significant increase in vomiting frequency compared with those in three organic arsenics-treated groups. These results suggest that inorganic arsenic might be more toxic than three other organic arsenics tested. The monkeys in inorganic arsenic-treated group showed a decrease in platelet and an increase in monocyte on day 4 and the monkeys in arsenocholine-treated group showed an increase in reticulocyte percentage on day 8. The monkeys in inorganic-treated group also showed decreases in AST and ALT values and the monkeys in arsenobetaine-treated group showed a decrease in AST value and an increase in T-CHO value. However, these hematological and biochemical changes were within the physiological ranges, showing that the single dose of inorganic and organic arsenics did not affect at least hematological and serum biochemical parameters. The present study of toxicity with single dose of arsenics provides valuable indicators for longer term study of toxicity of repeated doses of arsenics in primates.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.114-114
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• 2011

We report a high-performance and air-stable flexible and invisible semiconductor which can be substitute for the n-type organic semiconductors. N-type organic-inorganic nanohybrid superlattices were developed for active semiconducting channel layers of thin film transistors at low temperature of $150^{\circ}C$ by using molecular layer deposition with atomic layer deposition. In these nanohybrid superlattices, self-assembled organic layers (SAOLs) offer structural flexibility, whereas ZnO inorganic layers provide the potential for semiconducting properties, and thermal and mechanical stability. The prepared SAOLs-ZnO nanohybrid thin films exhibited good flexibility, transparent in the visible range, and excellent field effect mobility (> 7cm2/$V{\cdot}s$) under low voltage operation (from -1 to 3V). The nanohybrid semiconductor is also compatible with pentacene in p-n junction diodes.