• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.241-249
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• 2005

This study deals with micellar effects on dephosphorylation of diphenyl-4- nitrophenylphosphate (DPNPPH), diphenyl-4-nitrophenylphosphinate (DPNPlN) and isopropylphenyl-4-nitrophenyl phosphinate (IPNPlN) mediated by $OH^\Theta$ or o-iodosobenzoate ion $(IB^\Theta)$ in aqueous and CTAX solutions. Dephosphorylation of DPNPPH, DPNPIN and IPNPIN mediated by $OH^\Theta$ or o-iodosobenzoate ion $(IB^\Theta)$ is relatively slow in aqueous solution. The reactions in CTAX micellar solutions are, however, much accelerated because CTAX micelles can accommodate both reactants in their Stem layer in which they can easily react, while hydrophilic $OH^\Theta\;(or\;IB^\Theta)$ and hydrophobic substrates are not mixed in water. Even though the concentrations $(>10^{-3}\;M)\;of\;OH^\Theta\;(or\;IB^\Theta)$ in CTAX solutions are much larger amounts than those $(6\times10^{-6}\;M)$ of substrates, the rate constants of the dephosphorylations are largely influenced by the change of concentration of the ions, which means that the reactions are not followed by the pseudo first order kinetics. In comparison to effect of the counter ions of CTAX in the reactions, CTACI is more effective on the dephosphorylation of substrates than CTABr due to easier expelling of $Cl^\Theta$ ion by $OH^\Theta\;(or\;IB^\Theta)$ ion from the micelle, because of easier solvation of $Cl^\Theta$ ion by water molecules. The reactivity of IPNPlN with $OH^\Theta\;(or\;IB^\Theta)$ is lower than that of DPNPlN. The reason seems that the 'bulky' isopropyl group of IPNPIN hinders the attack of the nucleophiles.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1998

Flupyrazofos [O,O-diethyl-O-(1-phenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-5-pyrazoyl)thiophosphoric acid ester]는 trifluoromethyl기가 존재하는 피라졸계통의 유기인계 살충제이다. 이 화합물은 배추좀나방에 대해서 탁월한 살충활성을 나타내었으며, 또한 작은각시들명나방과 멸강나방에 대해서도 우수한 살충활성을 나타내었다. 배추좀나방의 알, 번데기, 성충에 대해서는 살충효과가 떨어지지만, 유충은 발육 단계에 관계없이 강한 살충효과를 나타내었으며, 살충효과의 발현속도는 매우 빨랐다($LT_{50}$=0.9 hrs, $LT_{95}$=4.5 hrs). 침투이행성 효과는 없었지만, 잔효성은 있었다. 유기인계, 피레스로이드계 및 IGR계 저항성계통에 대해서 비교차저항성을 나타내었다. 채집지역별 살충제 감수성은 실내계통(S)과 큰차이가 없었다. 따라서 flupyrazofos는 야외에서 배추좀나방, 멸강나방, 작은각시들명나방을 효과적으로 방제할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.