• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.315-321
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• 2023

Pediatric carpal fractures are rare and often difficult to detect. This paper reviews the current literature on pediatric non-scaphoid carpal fractures, with a case report of a lunate fracture associated with a distal radius and ulnar styloid fracture, managed nonoperatively in a 12-year-old boy. There is lack of consensus regarding the management of these fractures due to the low number of reported cases. A frequent lack of long-term follow-up limits our understanding of the outcomes, but good outcomes have been reported for both nonoperative and operative management. This case report brings attention to the current time period for the definition of delayed union in pediatric carpal fractures, and emphasizes the need for prolonged follow-up for the detection of delayed complications leading to functional impairment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.375-382
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• 2014

Objective : To assess the effect of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) transplantation in the expression of nuclear factor-${\kappa}B$ (NF-${\kappa}B$) in spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Methods : BMMNCs were isolated from tibia and femur by a density gradient centrifugation. After establishment of acute transection SCI, rats were divided into experiment (BMMNCs), experiment control (0.1 M PBS infused) and sham surgery groups (laminectomy without any SCI). Locomotor function was assessed weekly for 5 weeks post-injury using BBB locomotor score and urinary bladder function daily for 4 weeks post-injury. Activity of NF-${\kappa}B$ in spinal cord was assessed by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results : At each time point post-injury, sham surgery group had significantly higher Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan locomotor and urinary bladder function scores than experiment and experiment control group (p<0.05). At subsequent time interval there were gradual improvement in both experiment and experiment control group, but experiment group had higher score in comparison to experiment control group (p<0.05). Comparisons were also made for expression of activated NF-${\kappa}B$ positive cells and level of NF-${\kappa}B$ messenger RNA in spinal cord at various time points between the groups. Activated NF-${\kappa}B$ immunoreactivity and level of NF-${\kappa}B$ mRNA expression were significantly higher in control group in comparison to experiment and sham surgery group (p<0.05). Conclusion : BMMNCs transplantation attenuates the expression of NF-${\kappa}B$ in injured spinal cord tissue and thus helps in recovery of neurological function in rat models with SCI.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.2049-2052
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• 2013

The effects of polymorphisms in ERCC5, ERCC6, XPC, CCNH and MMS19L on osteosarcoma response to chemotherapy and the survival of the affected patients were assessed. Genotyping of ERCC5, ERCC6, XPC, CCNH and MMS19L was performed by PCR-RFLP assay. The median PFS was 12.8 months, and the median OS was 18.6 months. Individuals carrying homozygous genotypes of ERCC5 rs17655 and ERCC5 rs1047768 were more like to have good response to treatment, while those carrying homozygous genotypes of MMS19L rs29001322 showed poor response. Osteosarcoma patients carrying TT genotype of ERCC5 rs1047768 showed a significantly longer PFS (16.8 months) and OS (21.4 months) than CC genotype, with HRs(95% CI) of 0.31 (0.10-0.93) and 0.32 (0.06-0.97), respectively. Conversely, those with the TT genotype of MMS19L rs29001322 demonstrated shorter PFS and OS, the HRs (95% CI) being 2.23 (1.08-4.15) and 4.62 (1.45-16.08), respectively. Our findings showed polymorphisms in ERCC5 rs1047768 and MMS19L rs29001322 to be associated with clinical outcome of osteosarcoma patients undergoing chemotherapy.

• Hip & pelvis
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.269-275
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe a method of inserting cement in the femoral head before fixation with dynamic hip screw to prevent screw cut out due to osteoporosis and to evaluate its clinical outcome in these patients. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study, 30 patients aged 60 years and older with intertrochanteric fracture were included. Bone mineral density was measured. After reaming of the femoral head and neck with a triple reamer and polymethyl methacrylate, bone cement was introduced into the femoral head using a customized nozzle and a barrel fitted on a cement gun. A Richard screw was inserted and the plate was fixed over the femoral shaft. Patients were mobilized and clinical outcomes were rated using the Salvati and Wilson's scoring system. Results: More patients included in this study were between 66 and 70 years old than any other age group. The most common fracture according to the Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification was type 31A2.2 (46.7%). The T-score was found to be $-2.506{\pm}0.22$ (mean${\pm}$standard deviation); all patients were within the range of -2.0 to -2.8. The duration of radiological union was $13.67{\pm}1.77$ weeks. Salvati and Wilson's scoring at 12 months of follow up was $30.96{\pm}4.97$. The majority of patients were able to perform their normal routine activities; none experienced implant failure or screw cut out. Conclusion: Bone cement augmentation may effectively prevent osteoporosis-related hardware complications like screw cut out in elderly patients experiencing intertrochanteric fractures.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.64-70
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• 2023

Background: This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of single-dose corticosteroid injection (CSI) administered at 6 weeks postoperative to treat stiffness following arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR). Methods: In this prospective, multicentric, case-control study, post-ARCR stiffness at 6 weeks was treated with either a single dose of intra-articular CSI (CSI group) or physical therapy with oral analgesics (non-CSI group). Pain intensity according to visual analog scale (VAS), functional outcome using the Constant Murley Shoulder Score, time to return to activities of daily living (ADLs), and retear rate were recorded at 6 weeks, 9 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, and 18 months postoperatively in both groups. Results: A total of 149 patients (54.5%) in the CSI group and 124 patients (45.5%) in the non-CSI group were included in this study. Pain and function were significantly better in the CSI group at 9-week, 12-week, and 6-month (P<0.001) follow-up, whereas they were not significantly different when the groups were compared at 12- and 18-month follow-up. The mean duration to return to ADLs was significantly shorter (P<0.001) in the CSI group. The incidence of retears was not significantly different (P=0.36) between groups at the end of 18 months of follow-up. Conclusions: Single-dose intra-articular CSI administered at 6 weeks postoperative to treat post-ARCR stiffness significantly improved pain, function, and duration of return to ADLs without increasing the risk of retears compared to patients who did not receive intra-articular CSI. Level of evidence: III.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.66 no.5
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• pp.503-510
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• 2023

Objective : The present study aimed to determine the topical and systemic efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) on epidural fibrosis in a rat laminectomy model. Methods : Thirty-two 12-month-old adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Each rat underwent bilateral laminectomy at the L1 and L2 vertebral levels. Rats were divided into four groups : in group I (control group, n=8), a laminectomy was performed and saline solution was applied into the surgical space. In group II (topical group, n=8), laminectomy was performed and 30 mg/kg TXA was applied to the surgical site before skin closure. In group III (systemic group, n=8), 30 mg/kg TXA was administered intravenously via the tail vein in the same session as the surgical procedure. In group IV (topical and systemic group, n=8), TXA was administered 30 mg/kg both topical and intravenous. The rats were sacrificed at 4 weeks postoperatively. Masson's trichrome and hematoxylin and eosin were used to assess acute inflammatory cells, chronic inflammatory cells, vascular proliferation, and epidural fibrosis. Results : Epidural fibrosis, acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, and sum histologic score value were significantly lower in the systemic TXA group, systemic and topical TXA groups than in the control group (p<0.05). In addion, the sum histologic score was significantly lower in the topical TXA group than in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion : In this study, epidural fibrosis formation was prevented more by systemic application, but the topical application was found to be effective when compared to the control group. As a result, we recommend the systemic and topical use of TXA to prevent epidural fibrosis during spinal surgery.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.52-72
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• 2002

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.613-620
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• 2005

Tests of ventilatory function including pulmonary diffusing capacity were made in 18, the last period pregnant women and 20 non pregnant women. During the study was from May 22 to June 4, the subject of study refered 38 women (20 student and the staff of Physical Therapy at Masan college and 18 women who were examined at Masan OO obstetrics Hospital). All the studied subjects had no clinical abnormalities of the cardiorespiratory system. Mean FVC and FEV1.0 were significantly decreased in the last pregnant women compare with that of non pregnant women. All the Other Measurements were not differ from those of non pregnant women. The results of this study were as follows. l. Pregnancy was associated with decrease in mean FVC and FEVl.0, Which at the last period pregnant women were $2.70{\pm}0.58{\iota},\;2.31{\pm}0.53{\iota}$ below the non pregnant women mean $3.03{\pm}0.33,\;2.64{\pm}0.44{\iota}$ : Both changes were statistically significant.(P<0.05) 2. The mean VC, which at the last period pregnant women was $3.15{\pm}0.45{\iota}$ below the non pregnant women mean $3.28{\pm}0.33{\iota}$ and the mean IC $2.21{\pm}0.53{\iota}$ below the non pregnant women mean $2.22{\pm}0.54{\iota}$, but the difference were not statistically significant. 3. The mean ERV, IRV were not statistically significant between non pregnant women and pregnant women. 4. The mean TV were not statistically significant between non pregnant women and pregnant women. 5. The mean FEVl.0(G) were not statistically significant between non pregnant women and pregnant women.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.54-57
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• 2018

Burner or stinger syndrome is a rare sports injury caused by direct or indirect trauma during high-speed or contact sports mainly in young athletes. It affects peripheral nerves, plexus trunks or spinal nerve roots, causing paralysis, paresthesia and pain. We report the case of a 57-year-old male athlete suffering from burner syndrome related to a lumbar nerve root. He presented with prolonged pain and partial paralysis of the right leg after a skewed landing during the long jump. He was initially misdiagnosed since the first magnet resonance imaging was normal whereas electromyography showed denervation. The insurance company refused to pay damage claims. Partial recovery was achieved by pain medication and physiotherapy. Burner syndrome is an injury of physically active individuals of any age and may appear in the cervical and lumbar area. MRI may be normal due to the lack of complete nerve transection, but electromyography typically shows pathologic results.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.5379-5383
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• 2013

Therapeutic effects of zoledronic acid (ZOL) on giant cell tumour of bone (GCT) have been proven. Apoptosis induction was considered to be one of the mechanisms of ZOL tumour inhibition. In this study, we presented the possibility of an osteogenic differentiation stimulation mechanism of ZOL and further investigated dosage and time effects. We treated stromal cells of GCT (GCTSC) with ZOL for 48 hours at different concentrations ($0{\mu}M$, $0.01{\mu}M$, $0.1{\mu}M$, $1{\mu}M$, 5${\mu}M$, $30{\mu}M$) and assessed apoptotic and osteogenic differentiation markers with immunohistochemical techniques and real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Our results suggested that ZOL enhanced mRNA expression of Cbfa-1, osterix and osteocalcin genes with a maximum effect at $1{\mu}M$ in GCTSC. Time course experiments indicated a time dependent osteogenic differentiation effect. In conclusion, ZOL may be considered as an adjuvant in the treatment of GCT not only by inducing apoptosis but also by stimulating osteogenic differentiation of remaining tumor stromal cells after surgery.