• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.3405-3411
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• 2009

본 논문은 일개 농촌주민들을 대상으로 신체구성, 운동(과거 운동여부), 체력상태, 골밀도를 조사하고, 골밀도와의 관련된 요인을 파악하여 농촌 주민들의 골다공증 예방을 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자 143명을 대상으로 연구하였고, 결과로서 조사대상자들 연령이 증가할수록, 교육수준이 낮을수록 골밀도가 낮았으며(p<0.05), 만성질환이 있는 경우는 없는 경우보다 골밀도가 낮았다(p<0.05). 그리고, 체중 BMI 체지방량 제지방량이 많이 나가는 경우가 낮은 경우보다 골밀도가 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.01), 과거 운동을 했던 경우와 기초 대사량이 높은 경우, 근육량이 많은 경우 골밀도가 높았다(p<0.01). 또한, 악력 윗몸일으키기 팔굽혀펴기 등 체력이 좋은 경우 골밀도가 높았으며(p<0.01), 골밀도 수치를 종속변수로 한 다중 회귀분석결과 연령, 만성질환 유무, 과거 운동유무가 유의한 변수로 나타났다.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between bone mineral density and remaining teeth in Korean adults. Methods: Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES) 5th Year 1(2010), 1,985 adults over 50 years old having bone mineral density test were selected. Male adults were 883, and female adults were 1,102. The raw data consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, bone density data, and oral examination data. The questionnaire consisted of general health survey, laboratory examination study, and nutrition study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program for multiple regression analysis, ANOVA, t-test. The variables included general characteristics of the subjects, health behavior, diet habit, and oral health behavior. General characteristics consisted of gender, age, residence area, education level, marital status, monthly income, and vocation. Health behavior consisted of smoking, alcohol drinking, body mass index(BMI), physical activity, and mental health. Diet habit consisted of frequency of meal, milk, coffee, and calcium ingestion. Oral health behavior consisted of frequency of tooth brushing, use of oral health care devices, and oral examination. Systemic diseases were measured by the questionnaire for hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia. Bone density was measured in T-score of femoral bone, neck of femur, and lumbar vertebrae. Bone density was classified into normal($T-score{\geq}-1.0$), osteopenia(-2.5 < T-score < -1.0), and osteoporosis ($T-score{\leq}-2.5$). The remaining teeth were measured by the differences between normal teeth and missing teeth. Results: Smoking and age are the most influencing factors on the number of remaining teeth and bone density(p<0.01)(p<0.05). Those who had higher bone density, younger age, and nonsmoker significantly had more remaining teeth. Those who were men, diabetic, lowly educated women, and low birth weighted persons tended to have less number of teeth(p<0.01). Conclusions: The study suggested that there were significant differences between men and women according to the oral health management behavior and systemic disease control. Proper management of the oral health and good quality of bone mineral density can reserve the remaining teeth through the whole life.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.658-662
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• 2013

본 연구는 복분자 미숙과 추출물과 황기 뿌리 추출물로 이루어진 혼합물의 다양한 혼합비율을 이용하여 조골세포의 증식과 활성변화를 확인하고, ALP 활성 및 osteocalcin의 분리량 측정을 통하여 복분자 추출물과 황기추출물의 최적혼합비율을 결정한 것이다. 구체적으로는 각 혼합비율(복분자:황기=1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1)에 따른 혼합물을 MG-63 조골세포에 처리하여 세포의 증식과, 분화마커 ALP의 활성 및 osteocalcin 분비량을 측정함으로써 골다공증 치료에 유용한 복분자 추출물과 황기추출물의 혼합비율을 7:3으로 최적화하였다. 혼합비율 0:0에서 조골세포증식이, 혼합비율 72:28이 세포 내 ALP 활성 증가를, 68:32이 세포 내 osteocalcin의 분비가 가장 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 7:3의 혼합물이 항골다공증 효과에 우수한 결과가 있을 가능성을 나타내며, 특히 조골세포의 활성화 촉진으로 인해 골파괴 진행을 억제하는 효과, 즉 병의 진행을 지연시키는 작용기전이 아니라 골을 다시 형성해줄 수 있는 긍정적 효능에 대한 가능성을 제공한다. 이에 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 본 연구결과에 의해서 제공되는 최적혼합비율의 혼합물에 대한 골다공증 예방 및 치료에 대한 임상실험과 그 작용기전에 대한 연구가 더욱 진행되어야 할 것으로 보인다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.305-310
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• 2005

It has been suggested that nitric oxide (NO) derived from inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) may act as a mediator of cytokine-induced effects on bone turn-over. NO is also recognized as an important factor in bone remodeling, i.e., participating in osteoblast apoptosis in an arthritic joint. The components of Agastache rugosa are known to have many pharmacological activities. In the present study, we investigated the effects of Agastache rugosa leaf extract (ELAR) on NO production and the iNOS expression in ROS 17/2.8 cells activated by a mixture of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-$alpha$ and IL-1$\beta$. A preincubation with ELAR significantly and concentration-dependently reduced the expression of iNOS protein in ROS 17/2.8 cells activated with the cytokine mixture. Consequently, the NO production was also significantly reduced by ELAR with an IC$_{50}$ of 0.75 mg/mL. The inhibitory mechanism of iNOS induction by ELAR prevented the activation and translocation of NF-$\kappa$B (p65) to the nucleus from the cytosol fraction. Furthermore, ELAR concentration-dependently reduced the cellular toxicity induced by sodium nitroprusside, an NO-donor. These results suggest that ELAR may be beneficial in NO-mediated inflammatory conditions such as osteoporosis.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.393-402
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• 2013

본 연구는 국민건강영양조사 제5기 1차년도(2010) 원시 자료를 활용하여 비타민 D와 치주질환의 관계를 파악하고자 하였다. 주요변수의 결측 및 당뇨와 골다공증 유병자를 제외하고 최종 1,327명을 연구대상자로 PASW Statistics 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 전체(50세 이상) 대상자에서, 비타민 D와 치주질환의 관계는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 2. 폐경(양측난소절제술 포함) 여성에서, 비타민 D 결핍 그룹1 (<10)은 충분 그룹(${\geq}30$)에 비해서 치주질환에 걸릴 가능성이 6.66배 높게 나타났다(OR, 6.66; 95% CI, 1.004~44.19). 이상의 결과로 보아 비타민 D와 치주질환은 폐경여성(양측난소절제술 받은 여성 포함)에서 유의미한 음의 상관관계를 갖는 것으로 확인된 바, 치주질환 예방 및 관리 시 이러한 점이 고려되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 생체 외 조건의 소 대퇴골에서 피질골이 해면질골의 음속(SOS) 및 광대역 초음파 감쇠(nBUA)와 같은 음향특성에 미치는 효과를 조사하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2개의 소 대퇴골을 이용하여 근위부로부터 12개의 해면질골 샘플 및 1.00, 1.47, 및 2.00 mm의 두께를 갖는 3개의 피질골 판을 제작하였다. 또한 해면질골 샘플에 피질골 판 부착 전후 측정된 음향특성과 해면질골 겉보기 골밀도 사이의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 해면질골 샘플의 초음파 입사면에 부착된 피질골 판의 두께가 증가함에 따라 SOS는 선형적으로 증가하는 반면에 nBUA는 피질골 판의 두께에 대해 비선형적인 의존성을 나타내는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 서로 다른 두께를 갖는 피질골 판이 부착되더라도 SOS(r = 0.95-0.97) 및 nBUA(r = 0.53-0.73)와 해면질골 겉보기 골밀도 사이의 높은 상관관계는 유지되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이와 같은 결과는 생체 외 조건의 피질골이 제거되지 않은 대퇴골에서 측정된 음향특성이 해면질골의 골밀도를 예측하기에 충분한 지표라는 것을 의미한다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.490-495
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• 2010

Objective : Bone cement augmentation procedures such as percutaneous vertebroplasty and balloon kyphoplasty have been shown to be effective treatment for acute or subacute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of bone cement augmentation procedures for long standing osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture with late vertebral collapse and persistent back pain. Methods : Among 278 single level osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures that were treated by vertebral augmentation procedures at our institute, 18 consecutive patients were included in this study. Study inclusion was limited to initially, minimal compression fractures, but showing a poor prognosis due to late vertebral collapse, intravertebral vacuum clefts and continuous back pain despite conservative treatment for more than one year. The subjects included three men and 15 women. The mean age was 70.7 with a range from 64 to 85 years of age. After postural reduction for two days, bone cement augmentation procedures following intraoperative pressure reduction were performed. Imaging and clinical findings, including the level of the vertebra involved, vertebral height restoration, injected cement volume, local kyphosis, clinical outcome and complications were analyzed. Results : The mean follow-up period after bone cement augmentation procedures was 14.3 months (range 12-27 months). The mean injected cement volume was 4.1 mL (range 2.4-5.9 mL). The unipedicular approach was possible in 15 patients. The mean pain score (visual analogue scale) prior to surgery was 7.1, which decreased to 3.1 at 7 days after the procedure. The pain relief was maintained at the final follow up. The kyphotic angle improved significantly from $21.2{\pm}4.9^{\circ}$ before surgery to $10.4{\pm}3.8^{\circ}$ after surgery. The fraction of vertebral height increased from 30% to 60% after bone cement augmentation, and the restored vertebral height was maintained at the final follow up. There were no serious complications related to cement leakage. Conclusion : In the management of even long-standing osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture for over one year, bone cement augmentation procedures following postural reduction were considered safe and effective treatment in cases of non-healing evidence.

• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.47-68
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• 2006

Purpose : This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Gagamdokhwalgisang-Tang on the morphometric changes of femur, and on the hormones and cytokines associated with bone metabolism in overiectomized rats. Methods : Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham operated group(normal) ovariectomized group(control), and treated with extract of GD group(treated). Each group was evaluated the changes of body weight at 0, 3, 6, 8 weeks after ovariectomy. Morphometric analysis(femur weight, femur/body weight ratio, femur ash weight femur ash/body weight ratio cross sectional area of compact bone and concellous bone of femur) and histopathological examination were performed at 8 weeks after ovariectomy. Estrogen, Alkaline Phosphatase(ALP) and cytokine(Tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, $Interleukin-l{\beta}$, Inerleukin-6) assay were performed at 8 weeks after ovariectomy. Results : 1. The body weight of control and treated group was significantly increased(p<<0.001) compared with the normal group at 8 weeks. 2. The femur weight and femur/body weight ratio of treated group were significantly increased(p<<0.05, p<<0.01) compared with the control group at 8 weeks. 3. The femur ash weight showed no significantly different changes, but femur ash/body weight ratio of treated group was significantly increased(p<<0.05) compared with the control group at 8 weeks. 4. In the cross sectional area of cancellous bone of femoral body, the treated group was significantly increased(p<<0.001) compared with the control group at 8 weeks. 5. The serum estrogen level of treated group showed no significantly different changes compared with the control group at 8 weeks. 6. The serum ALP activity of treated group was significantly decreased(p<<0.01) compared with the control group at 8 weeks. 7. The serum Tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}(TNF-{\alpha})$ level of treated group was significantly decreased(p<<0.05) compared with the control group at 8 weeks. 8. The serum $Interleukin-l{\beta}(IL-1{\beta})$ level of treated group was significantly decreased(n<<0.001) compared with the control group at 8 weeks. 9. The serum Interleukin-6(IL-6) level of treated group was significantly decreased(P<<0.01)compared with the control group at 8 weeks. Conclusion : These results indicate that GD inhibits bone resorption in ovariectomized rats. And the major inhibitory mechanism may be related to the inhibitory effects of GD on the secretion of $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-6 in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in estrogen deficient rats.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.1093-1103
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• 2009

본 연구는 운동을 하지 않은 20대 초반 여대생을 대상으로 발레운동이 신체조성, 체력 및 골밀도에 미치는 효과를 분석하기 위하여 실험군과 대조군으로 나누어 RAD 발레 프로그램을 12주간 수행한 결과 신체조성에서는 TBF, LBM, %fat가, 체력에서는 AMS, sit-ups, SLJ, 1,200 m R &, W가, 골밀도에서는 GT, WT가 집단 간에 차이가 있었고, 신체부위별 골밀도 분포현황에서 골감소증이 실험군에서 변화가 없었으나, 대조군에서는 GT와 WT에서 3명의 증가를 보였다. 신체조성, 체력 및 골밀도간의 상관관계에서는 체중, TBF, LBM, %fat, BMI, AMS가 높은 정적인 상관을 보였으며, 부위별 골밀도의 상관 관계에서는 요추 골밀도, 대퇴경부, 전체 골밀도에서 높은 정적인 상관을 나타냈다. 이상의 결과를 통하여 RAD 발레프로그램이 신체조성, 체력 및 골밀도에 대한 예방 및 개선에 긍정적인 효과를 미치는 것으로 사료된다. 추후 골밀도를 결정하는 주요 인자로 나이, 체질량지수, 흡연, 운동, 영양소섭취량 이외에도 보다 큰 비중을 차지하는 유전적 소인이 있으므로 이러한 소인을 제시할 수 있는 연구가 더 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각되며, 점차 젊은층으로 확대되는 골감소증 현상에 주목하여, 체계적인 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국유가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유가공기술과학회 2004년도 제58회 춘계유가공심포지움 - 세계 우유의 날 기념 국제 심포지움
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• pp.21-39
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• 2004

Fermented milks have been recognized as healthy foods since ancient times, but those using intestinal bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are even more valuable from the standpoint of view of maintaining health. They have also now come to be recognized as important in the field of preventive medicine. Although advances in the medical sciences in the last 50 years have significantly increased the human lift span, an unfortunate fact is that many of us are now living long enough to experience chronic disorders such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, osteoporosis, diabetes and cancer. In recent years there has been renewed interest in health promotion and disease prevention by incorporating probiotic bacteria into foods to counteract harmful bacteria in the intestinal tract. Therefore, there are now a wide variety of commercial products containing prospective probiotics that claim health-promoting effects, such reductions in large botvel carcinogens and mutagens, antitumor properties, cholesterol-lowering effects, increased lactose digestion, relief from con-stipation, stimulation of immunocomponent cells and enhancement of phagocytosis. Two well-known representative probiotic is LAB and Bifidobaclerium. Traditional probiotic dairy strains of LAB which have been designated as GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) bacteria have a long history of safe use and most strains are considered comestible microorganisms with no pathogenic potential. Accordingly, there is considerable interest in extending the range of foods containing probiotic organisms from dairy foods to infant formulas, baby foods, and pharmaceuticals. In addition, the ingestion of probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotic as wll as combinations of pro- and prebiotics has recently aroused renewed interest as enhancing the beneficial relationship between the host and intestinal microflora in both healthy and diseased indivisuals. Non-communicable chronic diseases such as cancer, cerebral hemorrhage, is chemic heart disease, and diabetes mellitus has recently been recognized as adult diseases in Japan as well as other countries. and are considered to be inevitably associated with aging. These diseases occur as a result of individual life styles. The Japanes Government. Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare has proposed substituting the term 'adult diseases' with 'lifestyle-related diseases'. It has emphasized the importance of prevention rather than treatment. since the well-known increase in the elderly population in Japan is predicted to result in a variety of socioeconomic problems. n this lecture on the Present status of fermented milk products in Japan, I will report a strategy for the development of fermented milk products in Japan from the standpoint of view of research in Japan on LAB and Bifidobacteria. They could play an important role in preserving human health by controlling intestinal microflora capable of producing toxic effects on the host.