• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.12
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• pp.1283-1294
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• 2005

The American Academy of Pediatrics and American Academy of Family Physicians developed the clinical practice guideline on the management of acute otitis media. The American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of Family Physicians, and American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery developed the clinical practice guideline on the diagnosis and management of otitis media with effusion. These two guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.42-56
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• 2024

Objectives : The purpose of this literature review is to analyze herbal medicine's efficacy in pediatric otitis media. Methods : Six databases(Pubmed, CNKI, RISS, KISS, KCI, OASIS) were used to search randomized controlled trials related to pediatric otitis media until October 2023. Total nine studies written in Korean, English, Chinese, and German were selected and analyzed. Results : Recurrent otitis media was treated with Kami-hyunggyeyungyo-tang, Echinacea purpurea, and Sipjeondaebo-tang. For acute otitis media, Otovowen and Sopunghaedok capsule were administered, while Oryung-san, Chongyi-tang, and Changyija-san were used for otitis media with effusion. Glycyrrhizae Radix(甘草) and Cnidii Rhizome(川芎) were the most frequently used. Objective measures showed superior effects in the herbal medicine group for otoscopic examination, impedance test, audiometry, and fever. Sipjeondaebo-tang exhibited significant efficacy in recurrent otitis media treatment, possibly related to warming-interior medicine(溫裏藥) or blood-invigorating medicine(血分藥). Conclusion : Analyzing studies revealed herbal medicine's superiority for pediatric otitis media over conventional approaches.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.75-79
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• 2007

Background: Defective or immature antibody responses to pathogens in children may explain the increased susceptibility to acute otitis media. However, there is no study in Korea patients whether a correlation exists between otitis media with effusion and the levels of serum immunoglobulins, IgG subclasses, IgA, IgM and IgE. Methods: 45 children with otitis media with effusion more than 4 episodes in 12 months or 3 episodes in 6 months, 62 children with otitis media with effusion less than 3 episodes in 12 months and 102 children for control group took part in the study at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the KyungHee University from May 2004 to Feburary 2007. Serum immunoglobulin levels were determined by nephelometry. And then the relationship between otitis media with effusion and serum immunoglobulin level was evaluated. Results: In otitis media prone group, serum IgG1, IgG2, IgG4, and IgA level was lower than those level of control group, it was significantly decreased (p<0.05). In otitis media group, serum IgA, IgE, and IgG4 level was lower than those level of control. But it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Lower immunoglobulins in children with otitis media with effusion suggest a generalized decreased antibody responses. Lower levels of serum IgG1, IgG2, IgG4, and IgA may be related with chronicity or intractability of otitis media with effusion.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.205-226
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• 1999

Background: Pediatric chronic sinusitis and otitis media were often recurred, so patients are increased. But there are a few reports on the herbal medicine therapy treating pediatric chronic sinusitis and otitis media, this report was studied. Objective: To demonstrate the effect of herbal medicine therapy in the chronic sinusitis before and after treatment using computed tomograpy(CT). To compared before and after treatment of otitis media using earscope. Materials and methods: Eighteen patients (10 mail and 8 femail) treated in our hospital between April 1998 and June 1999 were studied. Ages ranged from 4 to 11 years (mean age :6.6 years). All patients had a underlying family history (allergy or sinusitis of parents or brothers). In the past history, 56% patients atopic dermatitis. Illness period was from 2 to 48 months (mean period: 13.9 month). Mean duration of treatment were 95.6 days. To ascertain the efficacy of treatment, CT were checked out. In the CT, three images were obtained 2cm interval on the coronal and axial plan. Gamihyunggyeyungyo-tang was administered mainly. Gamigwaghyangjeungki-san, Gamizwakwi-eum and Gamihyangso-san were administered for through oral route additional symptoms. Results: The symptoms of otitis media were hearing loss and edemation. The symptoms of chronic sinusitis were nasal obstruction(78%), purulunt or mucosal discharge(67%), cough(61%), postnasal dripping (44%) and nose bleeding(28%). Before the oriental treatment in the our hospital, all patients have been antibiotic therapy at the pediatrics or during the three months and recurrent otitis media from twice to tenth Correlation illness period and. treatment period were not significant statistically. Conclusion: The treatment period of the otitis media was more short than chronic sinusitis because the otitis media had been not recurrent on the 30 percent improvement of the chronic sinusitis. We know that herbal medicine therapy is the effective treatment of pediatric chronic sinusitis and otitis media using earscope and CT.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.301-307
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• 2002

This report evaluates the effect of Takrisodokyeum in patients with otitis media, and found the symtoms were inproved significantly. Two case of otitis media have severe purulent otorrhea, hearing loss. These patients have been treated with westernmedicine, but they could not expect to improve condition. We experienced two cases of otitis media that have a result of effect with Takrisodokyeum. Oriental treatments of otitis media have been showed relative good results and more constructive study and clinical report are necessary.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.146-152
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• 2004

This case report show the effect of Hyeonggaeyeongyotonghab-bojungikgitang in patients with otitis media, and found the symptoms were improved significantly. One case of otitis media has severe purulent otorrhea, hearing loss. And the orther case has otitis media with effusion, hearing loss too. these patients had taken western medicine, but they hadn't any expect to improve condition. We had a significant results by Hyeonggaeyeongyotonghab-bojungikgitang. This result suggest that Hyeonggaeyeongyotonghab-bojungikgitang can be one of good remedy for otitis media.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.110-116
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• 2002

Tuberculous otitis media is a very rare disease in extrapulmonary tuberculosis and in chronic otitis media nowadays. The characteristic signs seem to have altered from the past ones. And the suspicion index is very low that there is often a considerable delay prior to diagnosis. This might result in irreversible complications such as hearing loss, facial nerve paralysis and labyrinthitis. It is difficult to be defined by culture, so many patients with tuberculous otitis media are subjected to have surgery without a correct etiologic diagnosis. Therefore bacteriologic study of secretion and pathologic examinations of biopsied tissue are mandatory. We report one year and 11 months old boy with tuberculous otitis media having painful otorrhea and perforated tympanic membrane diagnosed by histologic finding and polymerase chain reaction(PCR). And we would like to emphasize the fact that tuberculous otitis media must be considered in the differential diagnosis of persistent suppurative otitis media despite appropriate antibiotic therapy considering the increasing tendency in incidence of Tuberculosis in Korea these days.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.202-205
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• 2008

Tuberculous otitis media is a rare clnical finding. In the past, painless watery otorrhea and multiple perforations of the ear drum were considered classic signs and symptoms of tuberculous otitis media, but the clinical features have changed in recent years. The diagnosis of tuberculous otitis media is hampered by its low incidence and non-specific clinical features. Moreover, delayed diagnosis can result in irreversible and serious consequences, such as hearing loss, facial nerve palsy, and intracranial dissemination. Tuberculous otitis media should be considered in the differential diagnosis of antibiotic-refractory otitis media.

• Journal of Mycology and Infection
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.105-110
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• 2018

Background: Otomycosis is a fungal infection that comprises 7~10% of outer ear infections. Although the occurrence is higher in humid climates, relatively few studies have investigated otomycosis occurrences in humid environments. While recurrent chronic otitis media discharge in the ear creates a milieu in which otomycosis is likely to occur, investigations of otomycosis co-occurring with chronic otitis media have been rare. Objective: To examine the characteristics of patients with otomycosis co-occurring with chronic otitis media and identify causative fungi. Methods: The study included 60 patients with chronic otitis media who presented typical otomycosis findings in the outer ear canal and the presence of fungi. Patients were treated in the department of otolaryngology, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, between July 2011 and June 2018. Results: The mean patient age was 57.77 years, and our study included 20 men and 40 women (p=0.010). The lesion was on the right in 39 patients and on the left in 21 (p=0.020). Ear discharge was the most common chief complaint at diagnosis. Of the 54 patients over age 19, 10 had diabetes (18.5%). Aspergillus was causative in 29 patients and Candida in 31. Aspergillus niger was identified in 15 patients, Aspergillus sp. in 14, Candida parapsilosis in 12, Candida sp. in six, and Candida albicans in five. Conclusion: Otomycosis and chronic otitis media co-occurrences increase with age. The Aspergillus and Candida genera were similar in proportion. A. niger was the most common Aspergillus species, while C. parapsilosis was the most common Candida.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.70-81
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• 2003

The otitis media has the highest rate of occurrence in 6-36 month after birth, and relatively high rate of occurrence to six years old. It is one of major cause for hearing loss problem because of its high rate of recurrence. The researcher observed at bed that feeding posture and feeding habit at night have some relationship with occurrence of otitis media. I found that medical research in this area was very weak, and it caused her to concentrate her research on the topic. This paper was undertook a retrospective case-control study to find out the relationship between the mode of feeding and the occurrence of otitis media among the otitis media patients and the healthy persons. As the controling groups, the researcher chose fifty eight mothers whose children received the treatment of otitis media(6-36 months after birth) from the pediatrics clinic of two general hospitals in Seoul, as the patient group, and forty five mothers who consulted with their child to well baby clinic at the general hospital and kindergarten in Seoul as the control group. The results of the survey can be summarized as followed : 1. "Otitis media patient group may have more lying posture mothers while feeding than the healthy control group". The first hypothesis is supported by the fact that the children who have lying posture feeding habit mothers are more easily exposed to otitis media than those who have sitting posture feeding habit mothers as the analysis show : $X^2=8.142$, p = .017 2. "Otitis media patient group may have higher rate of sleeping habit with milk bottle on the month at night than the healthy control group does". The second hypothesis was supported by the fact that the patients group has higher rate of expected sleeping habit than the healthy group dose as the analysis show : $X^2=4.35$, p = .037 3. "Otitis media can be found more in the artificial feeding group than in the healthy children group". The hypothesis is rejected by the analysis, $X^2=1.550$, p = .416. Though the hypothesis is not supported by this research, we need to encourage mothers to feed mother's breast milk on the ground that healthy group has mother's milk feeding tendency, and the best food for infants is their mother's milk, and psychological-sociological effects of breast feeding os quite good for children. It will improve the health of infants. It can be summarized as follows : Otitis media is more concerned with posture of feeding and night feeding habits than feeding modes. On the basis of this survey, feeding education problem for mothers of infants need to be developed. In the education, sitting-embracing posture of feeding, mother's breast feeding, and prohibition of children's lying posture feeding at night need to be emphasized.