• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.251-259
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• 2009

This study was conducted to measure the concentration of PCBs in pine needles and soil in urban (Seoul, many artificial sources of PCBs), semi-rural (Anseong, small town located below Seoul in wind direction) and rural areas (Jincheon, rarely artificial sources of PCBs) in which the artificial production amount of PCBs are different. The total PCBs concentrations in pine needles, which did not show big difference in three sampling sites, were 107.5 pg/g (urban), 94.8 pg/g (semi-rural) and 78.8 pg/g (rural) respectively. The low chlorinated PCBs were major component in pine needles and the PCBs congener concentration profile of each sampling area were similar each other, and the octanol-air partitioning coefficient, Koa, highly correlated with the PCBs concentrations in pine needles. The total PCBs concentrations in soil which did show big difference in three sampling sites, were 830.0 pg/g (urban), 314.1 pg/g (semi-rural) and 136.5 pg/g (rural) respectively. The high chlorinated PCBs were major component in soil and the PCBs congener concentration profile of each sampling area were similar each other. There was no similarity between the PCBs concentration of pine needles and those of soil at each site, because of the different mechanism of deposition and volatilization processes of PCBs. The total PCBs concentrations of 2009 became 12.9 times lower than those of 2001. The reduce rate of PCB 28 was the greatest.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.88-95
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• 2009

본 연구는 국내 유해폐기물 고온소각설비를 이용한 PCBs 함유 폐기물의 소각처리 가능성을 알아보기 위해 정상조업시와 PCBs 절연유 투입시의 배가스, 비산재, 바닥재에 대한 다이옥신, Total-PCBs, Co-PCBs 분석을 실시하였으며, 바닥재 및 비산재에 함유된 중금속 성분의 용출 특성을 파악하기 위하여 중금속 용출시험을 실시하였다. 그 결과 PCBs 함유폐기물의 배기가스 중의 Dioxin 농도는 $0.00699{\sim}0.00763ng-TEQ/Nm^3$으로 정상조업시 $0.0192ng-TEQ/Nm^3$보다 낮은 것으로 나타났으며 Co-PCBs $0.00043{\sim}0.00112ng-TEQ/Nm^3$, Total PCBs $3.06{\sim}3.87ng/m^3$으로 분석되었다. 바닥재의 경우에는 Dioxin 0.00225~0.00630ng-TEQ/g, Co-PCBs 0.00027~0.00082ng-TEQ/g, Total PCBs 0.9~2.6ng/g, 비산재의 경우 Dioxin 0.00164~0.00344ng-TEQ/g, Co-PCBs 0.00053~.00054ng- EQ/g, Total PCBs 0.64~0.84ng/g로 나타났다. 바닥재와 비산재의 중금속용출 시험결과 바닥재에서는 모두 용출되지 않았으나, 비산재의 경우 Pb성분이 31.01~237.7ppm으로 용출기준을 초과하는 것으로 나타났으며 대기오염물질의 농도는 모두 배출허용기준치 이하로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• 제21권E1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2005

Atmospheric concentrations of PCBs were monitored in Ansung-city, Kyonggi province during the 2001/2002 to characterize the concentration distribution and seasonal variation of particle polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Average concentration of particle bound PCB showed maximum value for penta-CBs and minimum value for octa-CBs. Seasonal contributions $(%\)$ of total particle PCBs showed the highest value in winter months and lowest value in summer month, This result indicated that concentration of total particle PCBs increased with decreasing temperature in the atmosphere. Therefore, particle PCBs were easily formed by the condensation of gas phase PCBs in winter months. The total particle PCBs exhibited an inverse correlation with temperature (p<0.01) which suggested that particle PCBs were easily formed by condensation of gaseous PCBs in winter months.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2003

Atmospheric samples were conducted from September 2001 to July 2002 with GPS-l PUF sampler in rural site to concentration distributions of gas/particle PCBs and to calculate dry deposition flux of PCBs. $\Sigma$PCBs concentrations of gas/particle PCBs were 59.29$\pm$48.83, 6.56$\pm$6.59 pg/㎥, respectively. Gas contribution (%) of total PCBs (gas + particle) was 90% which existed gas phase in the atmosphere. The particle contribution (%) of PCB congeners increased relatively more of the less volatile congeners with the highest chlorine number. The correlation coefficients (r) between total PCBs and temperature ($^{\circ}C$) showed negative correlation in - 0.62 (p<0.0l) for particle phase, positive correlation in 0.63 (p<0.01) for gas phase. In other word, particle phase PCBs is enriched in colder weather which could be due to greater in corporation of condensed gas phase at low temperature. The calculated dry deposition of total PCBs (gas + particle) was 0.008, 0.008 $\mu\textrm{g}$ $m^{-2}$ da $y^{-l}$ which showed maximum dry deposition flux in December, minimum data in July Bs in the atmosphere. The calculated dry deposition fluxes of total PCBs were influenced by particle phase PCBs even though PCBs in the atmosphere were present primarily in the gas phase.e.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.67-75
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• 1999

The new approach using the Peak Pattern Method was conducted for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from the papers or paper products to provide certain hygienic data for the recycled papers as well as white papers. The height of the each peak, obtained from the PCBs standards, was transformed to the spectrum to compare with that of the samples. In addition to the results of the single PCBs standards, the pattern of mixed PCBs standards with the adequate concentration and ratios were obtained prior to the analysis of the paper samples. The test showed excellent repetition within 5% variation, and the recoveries of PCBs ranged from 92% to 97%. The PCBs, considered as a hazard material, were analyzed using the Peak Pattern Method from six different types of paper samples including the roll tissue. It could not find the same pattern of the PCBs peaks from all of the paper samples.

• 분석과학
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.261-268
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 최근 제안된 PCBs 함유 고상폐기물 공정시험방법을 토대로 PCBs 함유 변압기에서 90건의 시료를 채취 분석하였으며, 제시한 분석방법의 폐기물 시료에 적정성 여부를 검토하였다. 채취한 변압기 절연유에서의 PCBs 농도범위는 7.6~23.8 mg/L로 나타났으며, 규소강판은 $0.02\sim0.54\;{\mu}g/100cm^2$의 농도범위로 검출되었다. 또한, 구리선 등의 비정형 폐기물은 0.01~0.071 mg/kg의 농도범위로 검출 되었다. 본 연구 결과, 폐기물공정시험방법의 새로운 분석방법과 규제기준은 기존의 용출시험방법으로 고상폐기물을 관리하는 경우에 비해 PCBs 함유 폐기물의 관리가 보다 강화된 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2000

PCBs [Polychlorinated biphenyls] are halogenated aromatic compounds with the empirical formula C12H10-nCln(n=1~10), and are a mixture of possible 209 different chlorinated congeners. PCBs were widely used as dielectric fluids for capacitors, transformers, plasticizers, lubricant inks, and paint additives. once released into the environment, PCBs persist for years because they are so resistant to degradation. In addition to their high degree of lipophilicity. In 1970s, the worldwide production of PCBs seem to be still in use. The environmental load of PCBs was prohibited since 1983 in Korea. In spite of these actions, many PCBs seem to be still in use. The environmental load of PCBs will continue to be recycled through air, land, water, and the biosphere for decades to come. This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of PCBs I the serum samples of 112 women by GC/MSD(Hewlett Packard 5897 Gas Chromatography-Mass Chromatography Detector) and CG/ECD(Hewlett Packard 5890 series-II gas chromatography-Electron capture detector, U.S.A). The main results of this study were as follows; The mean and standard deviation of serum PCBs were 3.613, 0.759 ppb, respectively and median of it was 3.828 ppb. The correlation coefficients of the concentrations of 13 PCB congeners ranged from 0.7913 to 0..9985 and were significantly correlated between each items(p=0.0001). The PCB concentrations were positively associated with age(simple linear regression; R2=0.86, =0.08023, p<0.001) and with total lipids in serums(simple linear regression; R=0.7058, =0.00486, p<0.001). The age adjusted model (Y=$\beta$0+$\beta$1age+$\beta$2X) was applied for possible predictors of PCBs levels in serum. For BMI(Body Mass Index), major residential area, and fish, meat, and dairy consumption, there was no association with PCBs levels, Also there was negative association for the number of pregnancy and lactation period with PCBs levels.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.573-578
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• 2012

In this study, adsorption of polychlorinated biphenyls(PCBs) in transformer oil on powder activated carbon (PAC) and synthetic zeolite was evaluated. Adsorption characteristics of PCBs on the PAC and zeolite has been investigated in a batch system with respect to adsorbents amount and contact time. BET results showed 908 m2/g for PAC and 483 m2/g for zeolite. The adsorption capacity of PCBs increased with an increasing input amount of absorbent. The adsorption experimental results showed that PAC removed 90% of input PCBs in transformer oil while zeolite removed only 64%. Adsorption of PCBs to PAC and zeolite fit the Freundlich model well. The Freundlich parameter, Kf, for PAC and zeolite was 193.1 and 43.0 respectively, indicating that PAC is effect adsorbent for PCBs adsorption in transformer oil.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.757-766
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• 2012

In this study, we have examined concentration distribution and patterns of PCBs in waters, sediments and soils in an agricultural area of South Korea to investigate the relationship between PCBs sources and concentration levels. The concentration of PCBs in water samples were ranged from lower values below detection limit to 8.25 ug/L and the concentration of PCBs in sediment samples were ranged from lower values below detection limit to 76.67 ug/Kg. The concentration of PCBs in soil samples were ranged from lower values below detection limit to 23.51 ug/Kg. These contamination levels were far below the guideline values suggested for environmental quality assessment. The homologue patterns in samples varied from sample to sample, but isomer patterns were very similar with each other. PCB-138 and PCB-153 were predominant congeners in the soil and sediment, which were similar to the results obtained from previous studies. With these results, the assessment of potential sources of PCBs contamination in the sediments of the Nakdong river basin was performed. The principal components were extracted by Principal Component Analysis(PCA). As the result of PCA, it could be expected that PCBs in samples of this study were more affected by PCB products than combustion processes and mostly affected by already-known sources. The PCBs in the soil and sediment samples were related with commercial PCB products.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2005

We attempted to analyze the mechanism of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-induced neurotoxicity and identify the target molecules in the neuronal cells for PCBs.Since the developing neuron is particularly sensitive to PCB-induced neurotoxicity, we isolated cerebellar granule cells derived from 7-day old Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and grew cells in culture for additional 7 days to mimic PND-14 conditions. Only non-coplanar PCBs at a high dose showed a significant increase of total protein kinase C (PKC) activity at phobol 12,13-dibutyrate ([$^3M$]PDBu) binding assay, indicating that non-coplanar PCBs are more neuroactive than coplanar PCBs in neuronal cells. PKC isozymes were immunoblotted with the selected monoclonal antibodies. PKC-${\alpha}$, ${\delta}$, and ε were activated with non-coplanar PCB exposure. Receptor for activated C kinase-1 (RACK-1), anchoring protein for activated PKC, was more induced with exposure to coplanar PCBs than non-coplanar PCBs. Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) analysis showed induction of neurogranin (RC-3) and growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) mRNA with non-coplanar PCBs. The results indicate that these factors may be useful biomarkers for differentiating non-coplanar PCBs from coplanar PCBs. The present study demonstrated that non-coplanar PCBs are more neuroactive congeners than coplanar PCBs.