• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.566-570
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• 2006

Pronuclear microinjection (PMI) is a primary method for producing transgenic mice and offers a powerful tool for investigating gene function in vivo. The method has several reported advantages and disadvantages. Here, we report another potential shortcoming. The survival rate of fertilized one cell-stage embryos was significantly reduced after PMI procedure (65.4% (1202/1838)). In addition, the proportion of embryos developing to full-term was also significantly lower than that of embryos not undergoing PMI (26.5% (319/1202) vs 41.9% (57/136)). Moreover, 3 out of 21 (14.3%) founder control mice which were non-transgene-carrying littermates of transgenic founders showed histopathological changes in their liver, which was comparable to that in of transgenic lineages (4 out of 27 (14.8%)). In conclusion, the mechanical damages in chromosomes occurring during PMI procedure may be a potential factor influencing phenotypes of transgenic mice.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.49-68
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• 2012

M&A (Merger and Acquisitions) is a standard corporate strategy frequently used by companies seeking to secure new growth engines and gain a solid foothold in their markets in order to become more globally competitive. To achieve the original goals of M&A, the two involved parties need to invest significant time and resources in integrating all aspects of the companies. A well-planned post-merger integration of information technology (IT PMI) by the two M&A parties is considered a crucial and difficult process because IT provides a fundamental infrastructure for integration. Considering various internal and external factors, the two parties normally formulate an IT PMI strategy. The many IT PMI strategies can be categorized into four major types: Renewal, Takeover, Standardization, and Synchronization. This study aims to develop a decision making model to help merger company and IT managers select the proper IT PMI strategy. More specifically, we identify key determinants that need to be considered when selecting a proper IT PMI strategy. The relative importance of each determinant is defined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP) analysis. Finally, this study evaluates each IT integration strategy under the identified determinants.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.837-847
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• 2019

A type of hybrid core made up of thin-walled square carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) honeycomb and Polymethacrylimide (PMI) foam fillers was proposed and prepared. Numerical model of the core under quasi static compression was established and validated by corresponding experimental results. The compressive properties of the core with different configurations were analyzed through numerical simulations. The effect of the geometrical parameters and foam fillers on the compressive response and energy absorption of the core were analyzed. The results show that the PMI foam fillers can significantly improve the compressive strength and energy absorption capacity of the square CFRP honeycomb. The geometrical parameters have marked effects on the compressive properties of the core. The research can give a reference for the application of PMI foam materials in energy absorbing structures and guide the design and optimization of lightweight and energy efficient cores of sandwiches.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.646-652
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• 2015

In this paper, the system-level performance is evaluated for the feedback scheme on the pre-coding matrix index (PMI) and channel quality indication (CQI), which are required for user selection in the multi-user MIMO system. Our analysis demonstrates that the number of users, the number of selected users, and codebook size are the key factors that govern the performance of the best companion grouping (BCG)-based user scheduling. Accordingly, we have confirmed that the probability of forming the co-scheduled user group is determined by these factors, which implies that the number of PMI's and codebook size can be dynamically determined so as to maximize the average system throughput as the number of users varies in the cell.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.781-784
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• 2009

IPTV, which is convergence of Communication and Broadcasting, has improved quickly recently. This service can provide high quality and various services to their customers, such as choosing channels freely, VOD and many kinds of Interactive service. As the technology of IPTV rapid development, more and more people worry about its disadvantages during the spread and apply, for instance, the illegal application, illegal copy, access authority abuse and the danger of the IPTV contents. This paper will provide the solution to solve these problems, through the Public Key Certificate of PKI(Public Key Infrastructure) and the Attribute Certificate of PMI(Privilege Management Infrastructure).

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.15-24
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• 2004

Electronic commerce is widely used with the development of information communication technologies in internet using public key certificates. And the study for access control in Web application and DB system is also progressed actively. There are many verification method for PKC(Public Key Certificates), which are CRL, OCSP, SCVP and others. But their certificates verification methods for PKC cannot to be applied to PMI(Privilege Management Infrastructure) which is using AC(Attribute certificates) because of synchronization of PKC and AC. It is because AC has no public key, AC Verifier must get the PKC and verify the validity on PKC and AC. So in this paper we proposed the new AC-based certificate verification model. which provide the synchronization in two certificates(AC and PKC).

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.295-297
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• 2002

응용 서비스 측면에서는 서비스를 이용하고자 하는 사용자들의 신원확인 뿐만 아니라 이러한 그들이 어떠한 서비스를 이용할 수 있는 권한을 갖고 있는가를 반드시 확인해야 한다. 응용에 따라서는 신원 확인보다도 권한 확인을 더 중요하게 처리하고자 하는 경우도 있다. 이런 의도에서 권한 인가와 권한 정보의 관리는 매우 중요한 보안 서비스의 하나로 인식되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 권한관리 메카니즘의 하나로서 제시된 권한관리기반구조 개념에 대하여 살펴보고, 이를 바탕으로 설계한 E-PMI에 대해 설명하고자 한다. E-PMI에 대해서는 구조 및 시나리오, 시스템 특징에 관하여 기술한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2011.06c
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• pp.161-163
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• 2011

소셜커머스의 이용의 증가와 더불어 단점이 부각되고 있다. 하지만 소셜커머스의 특성상 소셜커머스 사이트를 통해 소개되어지는 업체들은 대부분이 소비자들이 많이 접하지 못했던 영세 업체가 많고, 사용자들은 미리 구입한 쿠폰을 통해서 받은 상품의 질과 서비스가 좋지 않아도 이벤트 성으로 이루어진 판매이기에 환불이나 교환 등이 어렵다는 점에서 소비자의 주의가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 PMI-IR 수식을 이용하여 소셜커머스에서 거래가 이루어지는 상품명과 연관 있는 상위 세개의 평을 추출하여 제공함으로써 상품의 질과 서비스에 대한 평가를 알아보고 사용자의 신뢰성 있는 거래를 도모한다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institutes of Information Security and Cryptology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.3-6
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• 2002

권한 관리 기반 구조(PMI: Privilege Management Infrastructure)란 공개키 기반 구조(PKI: Public key Infrastructure) 와 연동되어 온라인 상에서 사용자의 신원정보와 권한 또는 속성 정보를 연결하여 자원에 대한 접근 관리를 효율적이고 안전하게 할 수 있도록 해주는 정보 보호 인프라이다. 이러한 권한 관리 기반 구조에서 사용되는 인증서를 속성 인증서(Attribute Certificate) 또는 PMI 인증서라고 부른다. 속성 인증서가 기반 구조 내에서 통용되어 사용되기 위해서는 표준화 기관에서 정의한 표준 규격을 따라야 하며 유효성을 해치지 않는 올바른 값들로 인증서 내용이 채워져 있어야 한다. 이와 같이 특정 단체나 어플리케이션에 의해 생성·사용되는 속성 인증서 등이 기반 구조내의 개체들 간에 서고 호환되어 사용될 수 있는지 검사하는 것을 적합성 평가라고 한다. 본 연구에서는 속성 인증서 및 인증서 요청 메시지의 적합성 평가를 위한 평가 시스템을 구성하고 평가 시 요구되는 평가 항목 및 평가 기준을 정의한다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.1113-1122
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• 1999

The author investigated pain experiences of 90 cancer patients and the adequacy of pain treatment they have received during their stay at a large medical center in T city between October 1994 and August 1995. Pain was assessed by the Shortened BPQ and results are summarized as follows: As for ratings of “worst pain” during the 24 hour period, 70% of the patients reported they had “severe” pain. As for ratings on “pain now,” 43% of the cancer patients reported “moderate to severe” pain. Over 46% of the patients reported a pain relief score of 0(not at all) or 1(somewhat) even after receiving pain medication. Adequacy of analgesic treatment was evaluated by comparing the patient's reported level of pain and the analgesic use, namely, the pain management index(PMI). The PMI indicated that 58% of the patients were undertreated for the pain control. In review of nurse's notes. systematic pain assessment was scarcely recorded, although pain documentation appeared in 70% of the notes; and the contents were mostly simple description. In conclusion, the results of patient's pain ratings, the PMI and poor pain documentation in the nurse's notes implied poor pain assessment and management.