• Title/Summary/Keyword: Packing Time

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The analysis and modeling of the performance improvement method of multistage interconnection networks (다단상호연결네트웍의 성능 향상 기법의 해석적 모델링 및 분석 평가)

  • 문영성
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.1490-1495
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    • 1998
  • Call packing has been recognized as a routing scheme that significantly reduces the blocking probability of connection requests in a circuit-switched Clos multistage interconnection network. In this paper, for the first time, a general analytical model for the point-to-point blocking probability of the call-packing scheme applied to Clos networks is developed. By introducing a new parameter called the degree of call packing, the model can correctly estimate the blocking probability of both call-packing and random routing schemes. The model is verified by computer simulation for various size networks and traffic conditions.

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Study on the Treatability of High-Concetration Wastewater by ABBR (ASBR에 의한 고농도폐수의 혐기성처리 연구)

  • 김종찬;김요용;김세진;정일현
    • Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.98-105
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    • 1995
  • In the treatment of wastewater or sewage plant sludge with high solid concentration, high rate digestion process in which heating and mixing occur at a time is mainly used, and in the case of wastewater containing solid matter below 1000mg/ℓ the recently developed AF or UASB is developed Recently and commonly utilized. But these processes have weakpoints such as clogging of packing media and need of long period of trial run after microorganism granulation. In this point of view, there are active researches on the ASBR( anaerobic sequence batch reaction ) that is capable of treating of organic matter with reactor that has no packing materials and controlling the inflow time, reaction time sedimentation time and outflow time by time control without loss of microorganisms. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the efficiency of ASBR process according to the reaction time, change of treated water quality and gas output rate in the treatment of wheat plant wastewater.

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Retroperitoneal Gauze Packing with Vacuum-Associated Closure for Pelvic Fracture with Hemodynamic Instability (혈역학적으로 불안정한 골반 골절에서 진공 폐쇄 드레싱을 병용한 후복막 거즈 충전법 치료)

  • Kim, Sung Jeep;Kim, Ji Hoon T.
    • Journal of Trauma and Injury
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.29-32
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    • 2014
  • Pelvic bone fracture with hemodynamic instability is fatal and the mortality rate can range up to 40%. Despite the big advances in the treatment of massive bleeding and hemorrhagic shock, the mortality associated with hemodynamically unstable pelvic bone fractures remains high. The gold standard of treatment for pelvic bone fracture with hemodynamic instability has not yet been determined and is an issue of main discussion among many doctors. Retroperitoneal packing is not yet wide spread in Korea, but is a good modality for managing of massive bleeding from pelvic bone fractures when an angiography suite or an expert surgeon is not available. A vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) system can also be applied with retroperitoneal packing in the manner of damage control surgery and open abdomen surgery. We present the case of a 51-year-old male who had a pelvic bone fracture with massive bleeding. We performed retroperitoneal gauze packing with a VAC system for the first time. The postoperative vital signs of patient were immediately stable, the massive bleeding was easily and quickly controlled, and the amount of transfusion of blood components was reduced.

Automation of Cell Production System for Cellular Phones based on Multi-dual-arm Robots (복수의 양팔로봇을 적용한 휴대폰 셀 생산시스템의 자동화)

  • Do, Hyun Min;Kim, Doo Hyeong;Kyung, Jin Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.580-589
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    • 2014
  • Demands for automation in the cell production process of IT products are becoming increasingly sophisticated. In particular, the dual-arm robot has drawn attention as a solution because it has a flexibility and works similarly to humans. In this paper, we propose an automation system for cellular phone packing processes using two dual-arm robots. Applied robots are designed with specifications to meet the requirements of cellular phone packing jobs. In addition, a robotic cell production system is proposed by applying a method of task allocation for efficient packing of cellular phones. Specifically, a task is assigned to reduce takt-time and to avoid collision between two robots. Finally, we discuss some experimental results that include the packing job of five unit boxes with seven kinds of accessories.

A Lattice Model Study of Native Contact Restraints in Protein Folding

  • 오원석;신재민
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.17 no.9
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    • pp.808-813
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    • 1996
  • To explore protein folding mechanism, we simulated a folding pathway in a simplified 3×3×3 cubic lattice. In the lattice folding Monte Carlo simulations, each of the 28 possible native packing pairs that exist in the native conformation was used as a conformational restraint. The native packing restraints in the lattice model could be considered as a disulfide linkage restraint in a real protein. The results suggest that proteins denatured with a small disulfide loop can, but not always, fold faster than proteins without any disulfide linkage and than proteins with a larger disulfide loop. The results also suggest that there is a rough correlation between loop size of the native packing restraint and folding time. That is, the order of native residue-residue packing interaction in protein folding is likely dependent on the residue-residue distance in primary sequence. The strength of monomer-monomer pairwise interaction is not important in the determination of the packing order in lattice folding. From the folding simulations of five strong folding lattice sequences, it was also found that the context encoded in the primary sequence, which we do not yet clearly understand, plays more crucial role in the determination of detailed folding kinetics. Our restrained lattice model approach would provide a useful strategy to the future protein folding experiments by suggesting a protein engineering for the fast or slow folding research.

Pressure-infiltration of Fe3O4-nanoparticles Into Porous Silicon and a Packing Density Monitoring Technique (다공성실리콘내 Fe3O4 나노입자의 압력침착과 채움밀도 모니터링 방법)

  • Lee, Joo Hyeon;Lee, Jae Joon;Lee, Ki Won
    • Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.385-391
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    • 2015
  • In this paper, we propose a new method to infiltrate $Fe_3O_4$-nanoparticles into a porous silicon film and a monitoring technique to detect packing density of nanoparticles within the film. Recently, research to use porous silicon as a drug carrier or a new functional sensor material by infiltrating $Fe_3O_4$-nanoparticles has been extensively performed. However, it is still necessary to enhance the packing density and to develop a monitoring technique to detect the packing density in real time. In this light, we forcibly injected a nanoparticle solution into a rugate-structured free-standing porous silicon (FPS) film by applying a pressure difference between the two sides of the film. We found that the packing density by the pressure-infiltration method proposed in this paper is enhanced, relative to that by the previous diffusion method. Moreover, a continuous shift in wavelength of the rugate reflectance peak measured from the film surface was observed while the nanoparticle solution was being injected. By exploiting this phenomenon, we could qualitatively monitor the packing density of $Fe_3O_4$-nanoparticles within the FPS film with the injection volume of the nanoparticle solution.

Analysis of Cavity Pressure for Packing Conditions in Injection Molding of a Deep Depth Product (깊이가 깊은 제품의 사출성형에서 보압조건에 따른 캐비티 내압의 분석)

  • Kim, Dong Woo;Kang, Mina;Kim, Hyeok;Lyu, Min-Young
    • Polymer(Korea)
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    • v.36 no.6
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    • pp.685-692
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    • 2012
  • Injection molding operation consists of phases of filling, packing, and cooling. The highest cavity pressure is involved in the packing phase among the operation phases. Thus the cavity pressure largely depends upon velocity to pressure (v/p) switchover timing and magnitude of packing pressure. Developed cavity pressure is directly related to stress concentration in the cavity of mold and it may cause a crack in the mold. Consequently control of cavity pressure is considered very important. In this study, cavity pressure was analyzed in terms of v/p switchover timing and packing pressure through computer simulation and experiment. Cavity pressure was increased as the v/p switchover timing was delayed. Residual pressure after cooling phase was observed when the v/p switchover timing was late, which was due to increased pressurizing time for long filling phase. Cavity pressure was increased proportionally with the packing pressure. Residual pressure after cooling phase was also observed, and it was increased with increasing packing pressure. High cavity pressure and residual pressure have been observed at late v/p switchover and high packing pressure. Compared with simulation and experimental results, the profiles of pressures were very similar however simulation could not predict residual pressure. Packing condition was important for the control of cavity pressure and the optimum condition could be set up using CAE analysis.

Design of Multichannel Spherical Loudspeaker Array for the Spatial Sound Manipulation (소리의 공간 제어를 위한 구형 다채널 스피커 어레이 설계)

  • Kang, Dong-Soo;Choi, Jung-Woo;Lee, Jung-Min;Kim, Yang-Hann
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.214-224
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    • 2012
  • The objective of this paper is to design multichannel spherical loudspeaker array by considering various positioning methods such as Gaussian grid, Lebedev grid and packing method. For the spatial sound manipulation, which is to make desired sound field by controling multiple sound sources, the Kirchhoff- Helmholtz integral states that sound fields can be reproduced in terms of infinite control sources on the integral surface. But since we cannot control infinite number of sources for the implementation, we have to allocate finite number of sound sources which can approximately act as infinite number of sources. To manipulate sound field inside of a sphere (which is typical example of three dimensional array) by controlling sound sources on the surface, three methods of allocating sound sources, which are Gaussian grid, Lebedev grid and packing method, are reviewed. For each geometry, the performances of manipulation rendered by time-reversal operator and higher-order ambisonics are compared.

Large Scale Protein Side-chain Packing Based on Maximum Edge-weight Clique Finding Algorithm

  • K.C., Dukka Bahadur;Brown, J.B.;Tomita, Etsuji;Suzuki, Jun'ichi;Akutsu, Tatsuya
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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    • 2005.09a
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    • pp.228-233
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    • 2005
  • The protein side-chain packing problem (SCPP) is known to be NP-complete. Various graph theoretic based side-chain packing algorithms have been proposed. However as the size of the protein becomes larger, the sampling space increases exponentially. Hence, one approach to cope with the time complexity is to decompose the graph of the protein into smaller subgraphs. Some existing approaches decompose the graph into biconnected components at an articulation point (resulting in an at-most 21-residue subgraph) or solve the SCPP by tree decomposition (4-, 5-residue subgraph). In this regard, we had also presented a deterministic based approach called as SPWCQ using the notion of maximum edge weight clique in which we reduce SCPP to a graph and then obtain the maximum edge-weight clique of the obtained graph. This algorithm performs well for a protein of less than 500 residues. However, it fails to produce a feasible solution for larger proteins because of the size of the search space. In this paper, we present a new heuristic approach for the side-chain packing problem based on the maximum edge-weight clique finding algorithm that enables us to compute the side-chain packing of much larger proteins. Our new approach can compute side-chain packing of a protein of 874 residues with an RMSD of 1.423${\AA}$.

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NoC Test Scheduling Based on a Rectangle Packing Algorithm (Rectangle Packing 방식 기반 NoC 테스트 스케쥴링)

  • Ahn Jin-Ho;Kim Gunbae;Kang Sungho
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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    • v.43 no.1 s.343
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    • pp.71-78
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    • 2006
  • An NoC (Networks-on-Chip) is an emerging design paradigm intended to cope with a future SoC containing numerous built-in cores. In an NoC, the test strategy is very significant for its practicality and feasibility. Among existing test issues, TAM architecture and test scheduling will particularly dominate the overall test performance. In this paper, we address an efficient NoC test scheduling algorithm based on a rectangle packing approach used for an SoC test. In order to adopt the rectangle packing solution as an NoC test scheduling algorithm we design the configuration about test resources and test methods suitable for an NoC structure. Experimental results using some ITC'02 benchmark circuits show the proposed algorithm can reduce the overall test time by up to $55\%$ in comparison with previous works.