• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.88-98
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• 2023

Purpose: Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently undergo clinical assessments, involving triadic communication between clinician, parent, and child. During such encounters parents are traditionally the main communicator of information on their child's IBD, including subjective symptom reports. The level of agreement between children and their parents for IBD symptoms is poorly understood, and this study aimed to examine this factor. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among children with IBD, and one parent. A validated paediatric IBD symptom report tool (IBDnow) enabled children and their parent to rate seven pain, well-being, and stool metrics, with dyads completing the tool concurrently. Results were assessed using: Individual agreement: proportion of identical symptom reports by each dyad (ideal score >0.7); Category agreement: percentage of identical reports for IBDnow metrics for the cohort; Inter-rater reliability: Gwet's AC1 coefficient with higher scores indicating better reliability (maximum=1). Results: Seventy-four parent/child dyads participated; child's mean age 12.2 years (standard deviation [SD] 2.9, range 6-16), mean time since diagnosis 2.8 years (SD 3), 54% female, 73% had Crohn's Disease. Mean individual agreement level was 0.6, with 27% of dyads agreeing on ≥6/7 IBDnow metrics. Category agreement was reported by 61% of dyads, 20% of parents overestimated, and 19% underestimated, their child's symptoms. Inter-rater reliability ranged from fair to good. Conclusion: These results should improve clinician awareness of how IBD symptom reports from parents may introduce bias. Children should be considered the most important source of symptom reports, and tools such as IBDnow utilised to enhance communication.

• Journal of TMJ Balancing Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

Objectives: For the deviation phenomenon occurring during the treatment process in temporo-mandibular balancing medicine (TBM), hypotheses were established regarding the cause and mechanism of formation from the perspective of neuro-science and material mechanics, and a verification method was proposed. Methods: The deviation phenomenon was theoretically analyzed based on the structure theories of material mechanics of the joint and the neurological pain mechanism. Results: Deviation occurs due to temporary yield by the accumulation of heterogeneous stress in the temporo-mandibular joint and the affected joint. Because the joint structures are corresponding with material mechanics showing compressive and tensile properties. The size of the deviation is expressed in terms of strain. The occlusal surface of the teeth is level with the axial joint. Since the magnitude of the deviation has a proportional relationship with the degree of abnormality of the temporo-mandibular joint, the magnitude of the deviation calculated by the balance measurement can be replaced by the strain. The major variables involved in the occurrence of deviations are the strength of joint structures and neurological conditions. Therefore plastic deformation and adaptation occur as a long-term depression of neural circuits is strengthened in different ways at different locations each time in various clinical situations. This is the reason why the sequence of the restoration process while correcting deviations is following reverse order of the accumulation in many layers in the muscular nervous system. Conclusions: From the above results, it can be inferred that the occurrence and correction of the deviations are corresponding with the plastic deformation and neuro-plasticity.

• Journal of TMJ Balancing Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medical treatment with TBT (Temporomandibular Joint Balancing Therapy) on Anxiety disorder patient with dyspnea. Methods: In this study, an Anxiety disorder patient with dyspnea was admitted to △△ Korean medicine Hospital from Nov 1st, 2022 to Nov 23rd, 2022. During the admission period, the patient was treated by Korean medical treatment(acupuncture, pharmacopuncture, herb medicine, etc.), especially using TBT and Western medical treatment (Pharmacotherapy). Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and VAS were used for measuring the Anxiety and Dyspnea. Results: After treatment for 30days, the BAI showed a decrease from 33 to 19, The VAS associated with dyspnea also decreased from 6 to 1 and VAS associated with Neck Pain decreased from 5 to 3. Conclusions: These results showed that Korean medical treatment especially using TBT may have an effect on reducing symptoms of dyspnea due to Panic Attack. But the further researches are needed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.435-445
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the mental health of allergic rhinitis patients and to present basic data on policy preparation to improve the mental health of the study subjects. As for the analysis data, data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were used, and 881 adult and allergic rhinitis patients were used for the final analysis. Frequency analysis, cross-analysis, and logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS 26. As a result of the study, the lower the age, the higher the level of education, the more pain/uncomfortable, the more anxious/depressed, and the lower the level of subjective health awareness, the less walking for a week. As a factor influencing depression, the more medical benefits, the more disturbed daily activities, and the more anxious/depressed there were. In order to improve the mental health of allergic rhinitis patients, if we seek ways to manage and solve factors that commonly affect stress and depression, we can efficiently expect the improvement of the subject's mental health status.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2023

Purpose : Sleep disturbances in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) are related to health problems after discharge. Therefore, active prevention and management are required. Hence, identification of the factors that affect sleep in patients who are critically ill is necessary. Methods : The PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases were searched. Selection criteria were observational and experimental studies that assessed sleep as an outcome, included adult patients admitted to the ICU, and published between November 2015 and April 2022. Results : A total of 21,136 articles were identified through search engines and manual searches, and 42 articles were selected. From these, 22 influencing factors and 11 interventions were identified. Individual factors included disease severity, age, pain, delirium, comorbidities, alcohol consumption, sex, sleep disturbance before hospitalization, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease, and high diastolic blood pressure (DBP), low hemoglobin (Hb), and low respiratory rate (RR). Environmental factors included light level, noise level, and temperature. Furthermore, treatment-related factors included use of sedatives, melatonin administration, sleep management guidelines, ventilator application, nursing treatment, and length of ICU stay. Regarding sleep interventions, massage, eye mask and earplugs, quiet time and multicomponent protocols, aromatherapy, acupressure, sounds of the sea, adaptive intervention, circulation lighting, and single occupation in a room were identified. Conclusion : Based on these results, we propose the development and application of various interventions to improve sleep quality in patients who are critically ill.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.106-115
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate whether there is a difference in calcium intake between elementary school students who are participating in the school milk program and those who are not. The study samples consisted of 240 milk program participants and 120 non-participants in the fifth and the sixth grades at a school located in Cheong-ju. The survey questionnaire included questions related to general status, drinking milk at school, and intake of milk and dairy products at home. An FFQ (food frequency questionnaire) was composed of 30 calcium-supplying foods, which surveyed the normal intake amount at one time and the frequency per month. The average daily intake of calcium by the participants (1052.3 mg) was higher than that of the non-participants (772.5 mg) by 279.8 mg, and the major consumed food item contributing to the difference was milk. The major sources of dietary calcium were 'milk' for the participants and 'ice cream' for the non-participants. In a question asking the reasons for participation in the program, 48.8% of the participants answered 'benefits to health', and the primary reason why the nonparticipants did not drink milk at school was 'stomach pain' (55.0%). Among the participants, 80.4% said they 'are drinking milk at home', which was in contrast to only 50.8% of the non-participants. And 48.7% the participants said they drank 'more than 1 cup' of milk at home, and 47.5% of the non-participants said they drank 'less than 1 cup'.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is an acute febrile disease that mainly involves histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis in children and young adults. Diagnosis of KFD is even more difficult if image-guided percutaneous biopsy is technically challenging. We present a case of clinically diagnosed KFD in an 11-year-old boy who presented with fever, abdominal pain, and mesenteric lymphadenopathy, resulting in a diagnostic challenge. Additionally, we conducted a systematic review, and our goal was to describe the spectrum of disease, therapy, and outcomes. We identified 15 cases of KFD with symptoms that mimicked mesenteric lymphadenitis. Reports from the Americas, Europe, and Asia were also included. Most patients were male, exhibited leukopenia and elevated inflammatory markers, and recovered without significant sequelae or complications. A high index of suspicion of KFD should be maintained in children presenting with prolonged fever and unusual manifestations, such as mesenteric lymphadenitis.

• 한국노년학
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.1103-1118
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• 2011

This study aims to examine the effects of employment on the physical health, psychological function, and life satisfaction of the elderly. Participants were 4,165 persons (men 1,739, women 2,426) aged 65 over. Physical health was composed of ADLs(Activities of daily living), pains, and disorders. Psychological function was measured by cognitive functions (subtraction, instruction execution, memory test, and item use) and emotional difficulty. Life satisfaction, work satisfaction, and work level were also measured. Major findings in this study are as follows: First, gender, marriage, and education level had significant effects on the participants' life satisfaction, but religion and financial incomes did not. Second, employment had significant effects on their physical health, psychological function, and life satisfaction. Third, pain, cognitive functions, emotional difficulty, and work satisfaction had significant effects on the life satisfaction of the working elderly. But, work level and incomes had not significant effects on the elderly's life satisfaction. In addition, an interaction between cognitive functions and emotional difficulty on life satisfaction was found.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.639-666
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• 2010

Meditation on Christ's body is peculiar to late medieval female mysticism. The somatic meditation on Christ basically derives from the Incarnation, but the female mystics focused more on the Passion and the Eucharist, i.e., Christ's bleeding and feeding. Then, female body structure and the gender role of nurturing were combined to make facile her imitatio Christi, because the female body was aptly identified with Christ's body. The blood flowing in the side of Christ was often in medieval graphics and texts identified with a mother's milk for a baby to suck. Wound and food, suffering and nourishing, were inseparable in Christ's and the female mystics' body. Thus, in late medieval female mystical practice, it is important to note, first, female mystics' bodily pain was not to be cured but endured; second, that not only did a female mystic eat Christ's body, but her own body was to be "eaten" by poor neighbors, just as Christ gave his own body to be eaten by believers. As Christ's body is punctured, so does the female body have open holes, and as Christ is food, so is the female body. This female meditation on Christ's body developed the notion of "divine motherhood" to be accepted and enjoyed quite literally by the female mystics in late medieval times. Yet, in a sense, the female mystics' meditating on Christ's feminine function of nourishing can be considered as their accepting and interiorizing the socially constructed female gender role and thus lacking in subversive power. Nevertheless, this meditative practice at least functioned to redeem the female body which had typically been labelled inferior and even dirty. Through Christ's feminized body, the female mystics rehabilitated their bodily dimension, presenting it to be shared by male believers. Capitalizing on the gender stereotype of womanhood itself, they converted female weakness to power.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.21
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• pp.369-408
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• 2013

Korean reunification would be one of the greatest heaven-earth works by Gucheon Sangje in terms of the lasting paradise of the Later World. The Oseonwigi-gongsa describes what it will be around the Korean Peninsula. Furthermore, Haewon Sangsaeng is the very practical means in unifying the two Koreas. What are the effectiveness of Haewon Sangsaeng, regarding Korean reunification in dealing with the social science? This researcher has found out three main impacts as follows: (1) it deals deeply with the cause of the social conflicts, and it could provide the solutions towards the Later World, (2) it highlights the great values and the potential abilities of human, and (3) it widens the research areas up to the heave-earth-human Samgye. Dealing with Haewon Sangsaeng in the social science, researchers must consider the limit of the research, which are (1) the tenacity of researcher's goal and the extremity of the research, (2) the possibility of a fallacy in doing the social science, and (3) the paradox of knowledge. In conclusion, Haewon Sangsaeng has many fundamental and practical values when it comes to Korean reunification. First, it should be a very important virtue for the unification leadership and the Korean people. Second, it could heal the serious illness, rooted in the Korean War, and many internal conflicts between the right and the left ideologically. Finally, it also recover North Korean people's severe pain and grief under the long-term dictatorship, and the heterogeneity between the South and North Korean people for 60 years.