• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 1996.02a
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• pp.23-40
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• 1996

The communicative disorders in cleft palate patients have relationship with the acoustic and He physiological phenomena. Particularily hypernasality is a parameter of cleft palate speech that has been studied by many clinicians and speech pathologists. The degree of hypernasality has been assessed by the listener,s judgement, but perceptual assessements have poor scientific reliability, so objective instruments have been needed to test hypernasality with diagnostics accuracy. This study was analyzed the nasalance score using a Nasometer for cleft palate patients. The simple vowels /a/, /i/, /e/ and the approximants /j/, /w/ were tested for the degree of hypernasality after operation. The phrases containing long and short duration times were used in this study to asses hypeernasality. Fiberopic views shows the open velopharyngeal port that resulted in hypernasality of cleft palate patients. The authors assert the important of the management of cleft palate patients.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2003

Patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) usually present unilateral cross bite due to collapse of the maxillary minor segment. Unequal expansion of the palate is needed to resolve this problem in UCLP patient. Unilateral segmental palatal distraction (USPD) after Le Fort I osteotomy and the oblique placed orthodontic expansion screw (Hyrax) can be used to correct the unilateral cross bite. 1his case report describes the effects of USPD of the collapsed maxillary minor segment on patient with unilateral cleft lip and palate.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.147-147
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• 2003

Recent aerodynamic and acoustic studies of VPI(velopharyngeal insufficiency) are non-invasive and safety, therefore, many researchers have used it to diagnose the hyper/hyponasality and articulation disorders of cleft palate patients. The purpose of this study was to estimate mainly the oropharyngeal air pressure and over all air flow in cleft lip and palate patients. The pressure-collecting catheter was positioned in the oropharyngel cavity around tongue base. Twelve adult control group and three cleft lip & palate patients were participated to this experimentation. Aerophone II was used to measure peak air flow, mean air flow, phonatory airflow, phonatory efficiency and resistance. The results were as follows: 1) Airflow of cleft lip ＆ palate patients group were higher than those of control group. Fricative sounds /s/ and /s'/ showed the statistic significance of mean airflow and volume data. 2) Intraoral air pressure of cleft lip ＆ palate patients was lower than those of control group.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.198-204
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• 1999

The treatment of cleft lip and palate patients requires multidisciplinary coorperation, and the involved clinicians rely on the completeness and accuracy of the patient's medical records in developing comprehensive treatment plans. There are so many classifications in cleft lip and palate but each classification has advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore there are few classification or assessment in secondary cleft lip and palate deformities. A modification of Kenahan's Y classification in primary cleft lip and palate and new classification in secondary cleft lip and palate deformities are proposed as a simple and reproducible method. These reproducible classification may be used to facilitate not only storing and analyzing of medical informations in computer but also the planning of secondary repairs

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.65-70
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• 2008

Cleft lip and/or palate are common birth defects in humans and the causes including multiple genetic and environmental factors are complex. Combinations of genetic, biochemical, and embryological approaches in the laboratory mice are used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying normal craniofacial development and the congenital craniofacial malformations including cleft lip and/or palate. Both forward and reverse genetic approaches are used. The forward genetic approach involves identification of causative genes and molecular pathways disrupted by uncharacterized mutations that cause craniofacial malformations including cleft lip and/or cleft palate. The reverse genetic approach involves generation and analyses of mice carrying null or conditional mutations using the Cre-loxP mediated gene targeting techniques.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 2021

Bardach described a closure of the cleft utilizing the arch of the palate, which provides the length needed for closure and is most effective only in narrow clefts. Herein, we describe a case where we utilized Bardach's two-flap technique with a vital and easy modification, done to allow closure of a wide cleft palate and to prevent oronasal fistula formation at the junction of the hard and soft palate, which are otherwise difficult to manage with conventional flaps. The closed palate showed healthy healing, palatal lengthening, and no oronasal regurgitation. We advise using this modification to achieve the goals of palatal repair in difficult cases where tension-free closure would otherwise be achieved with more complex flap surgical techniques, such as free microvascular tissue transfer.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.329-342
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• 1988

In methods of finding causes for cleft palate, many cases have been studied by investigators using teratogenic agents. Among them, a synthetic agent known as triamcinolone acetonide (TA) was widely used. When this drug was injected into mice during palatogenesis, it induced lowered body weight and a deformed mandible. But many cases have been studied on growth changes, only of the developmental stages of the palate. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate craniofacial growth in experimentally induced cleft palate mice after finishing palatogenesis namely just before birth. Normal, alcohol treated, and TA treated DDY mice were obtained at 18-days of gestation and heads were prepared for serial sectioning in the sagittal plane. The midsagittal sections were photographically enlarged (${\times}40$) and measurements made to asses the amount of growth. The obtained results were as follows. 1. The incidence of cleft palate was 41.2% when TA was injected. 2. The body weight of the cleft palate group was lower than the control group. 3. In the cleft palate group, mandibular length (H-M) was lighter than the control group. 4. In the cleft palate group, degree of staining was not distinct compared to the control group by the double staining method. 5. In the cleft palate group, anteroposterior posture of the tongue tip to facial plane (C-M) was more posterior than the control group. 6. The cause of posterior posture of the tongue tip to facial plane (C-M) in the cleft palate group, was not short and retracted tongue but the mandibular length was increased. 7. The anteroposterior relationship of hyoid cartilage to cranial base was the same in all groups.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

In order to understand the effects of all-trans-RA on palate development, RA was injected into the abdominal cavity of pregnant mice and then the embryos were taken in the following days and analyzed morphologically as well as molecular biologically. When RA was administered at the stage of E11 or E15, the overall craniofacial development was retarded. The length from jaw to eye was shortened, compared to that of normal group. When the E11 embryos were exposed to RA, cleft lip was also found along with the cleft palate. In vitro palate culture experiment also revealed that RA caused cleft palate. When RT-PCR was performed, early stage administration of RA at E11 inhibited the upregulation of Hoxa7 expression at E15 through E17. Whereas in control group, high level of Hoxa7 expression was detected in the palate of E15 to E17. In the case of Bax, the expression was decreased from E16, while remaining constant in control group. When TUNEL analysis was performed following the RA treatment at E15, TUNEL positive cells were detected in the mesenchymal cells as well as epithelial cells of palatal shelves of E16 and in E17 embryos. Whereas in normal control, TUNEL positive cells were observed mostly at the epithelium around the nasal cavity and oral cavity where rugae is made. These results altogether indicate that exposure to RA during palate development causes facial deformity including cleft palate and cleft lip by modulating the expression of homeotic genes such as Hoxa7 as well as an apoptosis-related gene, Bax, and thus malregulating the apoptosis.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.30 no.4 s.81
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• pp.433-440
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate osteonectin expression patterns in cleft palate compare to normal palate rats. We used 4 pregnant rats, and beta-aminoproprionitrile was oral dose to rat according to 1g/kg body weight at gestation days 13 to induce cleft palate. Total 6 fetus was got with cleft formed, then 3 fetus was used for immunohistostain and 3 fetus was used for western blot analysis. Expression patterns of osteonectin in mesenchymal cells of cleft palate was more dilute to mesenchymal cells of normal palate with immnunohistostain, and width and length of band of maxilla in cleft palate was more thin than maxilla of normal palate with western blot study.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.21-25
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• 2002

Cleft lip and palate are most common congenital deformity to affect the orofacial region. Cleft lip and palate are caused by abnormal development of primary and secondary palate. It's causative mechanism is not completely understood, but genetic and environmental factors play an important role. Many epidemiologic surveys have been done extensively about incidence, racial influence, sex ratio, parent age, associated syndrome, and genetic factors. These researches are useful to dissolve many problems in prevention and treatment of cleft lip and palate. We performed epidemiologic survey of cleft lip and palate who visited the department of Oral & Maxillofacial surgery, Guro Hospital of Korea University from 1995 to 2001.