• Title/Summary/Keyword: Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer

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Development of Antitoxic Agents from Korean Medicinal Plants. Part 4. Effects of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer Extract on the Accumulation of Cadmium in Liver (한국산 생약으로 부터 해독물질의 개발(제4보) 흰쥐 간장내의 카드뮴 축적에 미치는 인삼 추출물의 영향)

  • 백승화;유일수;이종섭;한두석
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.235-239
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    • 1995
  • This study was conducted to investigate the metallothionein (MT) induction by Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer in cadmium chloride intoxication. The results were as follows: Generally, detoxicatlon effects by Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer extract increased proportionally to the increase of cadmium concentrations. When a 8 mg/g dosage of cadmium was administered, formation of the cadmium and EDTA complex showed the highest antitoxic effect. Also, when a 4 mg/g dosage of cadmium was administered, Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer extract showed the highest antitoxic effect in metallothionein induction. According to the above results, Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer extract administered with cadmium increased metallothionein concentration and decreased the toxicity of cadmium in liver.

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Panaxadiol and Panaxatriol from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer Inhibit the Synthesis of Thromboxane $A_2$ in Adrenaline-Stimulated Human Platelet Aggregations (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer의 PD와 PT는 아드레날린에 의해 유인된 사람 혈소판의 응집반응에서 Thromboxane $A_2$의 생성을 저해한다)

  • Park, Kyeong-Mee;Rhee, Man-Whee;Park, Hwa-Jin
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.44-48
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    • 1994
  • In adrenaline-stimulated human platelets, panaxadiol (PD) and panaxatriol (PT) from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer did not inhibit the $Ca^{2+}$-innux, but inhibited the formation of thromboxane $A_2$ and the platelet aggregations. It seems that PD and PT block a pathyway interconvefing arachidonic acids (20:4) to thromboxane $A_2$ (TX $A_2$), because the amount of $Ca^{2+}$ which phospholipase C or phospholipase $A_2$ requires to liberate 20 : 4 from membrane phospholipids was increased by PD and PT. These results mean that PH and PT have an antiplatelet effect by Inhibiting the formation of TX $A_2$.

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Purification and Characterization of Agmatine Iminohydrolase from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer(I) (인삼(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) Agmatine Iminohydrolase의 정제 및 특성(I))

  • Kim, Hyo-Sup;Kim, Hee-Jung;Cho, Young-Dong
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.237-243
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    • 1995
  • Agmatine iminohydrolase (EC 3.5.3.12) catalyzes the hydrolysis of agmatine into putrescine. The enzyme seems to be one of the critical enzymes in putrescine biosynthesis. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer by combined method of ammonium sulfate 1 fractionation, DEAR anion exchange column, hydroxyapatite column and agmatine carboxyhexyl Sepharose 4B affinity column. The molecular weight estimated by native pore gadient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was 71, 000 Dalton, while that estimated by SDS-PAGE was 70, 000 Dalton, indicating a monomeric enzyme. The optimal pH and temperature were 9.0 and 37$^{\circ}C$, respectively. The Km and 1 Vmax for agmatine were 8.3 mM and 14.4 nmole/hr, respectively. Heat stability of this enzyme was high. The enzyme was observed to be inhibited by polyamines such as putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine and spermine. Especially, putrescine was a potent inhibitor of the purified enzyme. These results suggest that polyamines could be important in growth regulation of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer.

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Isolation and Characterization of Chloroplast DNA in Korea Ginseng, Panax gindeng C.A. Meyer (고려인삼(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer)의 엽록체 DNA 분리 및 특성조사)

  • Lee, Jeong-Heon;Lim, Yong-Pyo;Choi, Kwang-Tae
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.39-44
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    • 1993
  • In Korean ginseng, Panax ginseng C.A Meyer, it was difficult to isolate chloroplast DNA with classical methods, because of the high polysaccharide content of ginseng chloroplast The simple and efficient method of chloroplast DNA isolation from ginseng leaves has been developed by motificalion of recently advanced methods. Also, it can be successfully applied to ctDNA isolation of Chinese cabbage, radish, petunia tobacco as well as ginseng. Isolated chloroplast DNA from ginseng was digested with various restriction endonucleases. It was estimated that the molecular weight of Korean ginseng chloroplast DNA was about 142 kb. There was no difference in restriction endonuclease digestion patterns between two variants of Korean ginseng, which are Jakyung-Jong (violet-stem variant) and Hwang- sook-Jong (yellow-berry variant).

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Pharmacognostical Study on the Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (인삼의 생약학적 연구)

  • Do, Won-Im;Lee, Yu-Jin;Park, Jong-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.35 no.1 s.136
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    • pp.45-51
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    • 2004
  • Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae) is listed in Shen Nung Pentsao Ching(神農本草經) as the remedy for replenishing the primodial qi(氣), restoring pulse, treating collapse, tonifing the spleen and lag, promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst, tranquilizing the mind, and improving the function of brain. The prescriptions of In Sam Tang(人參揚) are also recorded in many other Chinese medical books. The identification of the age of Panax ginseng is very important in commercial market as well as in research field. However, any reports about it have not been clearly established yet. To clarify the criterion, the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the roots of various age Panax ginseng cultivated in Korea were studied. The characteristics of cork layer, secretory canal, and vessel were shown to bε useful keys to confirm the age of Panax ginseng.

Characteristics of Invertase from Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) Leaf (고려인삼(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) 잎 Invertase의 생화학적 특성)

  • 김용환;심우만
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.144-149
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    • 1992
  • Invertase was extracted from Korean ginseng(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) leaf with deionized water, and then prepared by ammonium sulfate(0.4~0.6 Sat.) fractionation, the enzymological properties of the invertase were investigated, and the results obtained were as follows. The optimum pH and temperature of the enzyme were pH 6.0 and 4$0^{\circ}C$ respectively. The enzyme was stable in the pH range of pH 6.0 to 8.0, and at the temperature below 4$0^{\circ}C$. The enzyme was inactivated completely by the treatment with some proteases(pepsin, trypsin, papain and ficin) and protein denaturants(8M urea and 6M guanidine-HCI), but not with glycosidases (a-amylase, $\beta$-amylase and glucoamylase). The enzyme catalyzed specifically the hydrolization of the $\beta$-fructofuranosides such as sucrose and inulin.

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Non-Saponin Fraction from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer Inhibits Platelet Aggregation (혈소판 응집반응을 억제시키는 Panax ginsing C.A. Meyer의 비사포닌 분획)

  • Park, Kyeong-Mee;Rhee, Man-Hee;Park, Hwa-Jin
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.246-249
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    • 1993
  • Hexane, Hexane/diethylether and chloroform fractions from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer stroungly inhibitied human platelet aggregation induced by a high dose of thrombin (2$\mu$/ml). Chloroform fraction more strongly inhibited the platelet aggregation than the other two fraction among them. There were fatty acid ester and phosphate ester instead of polyacethylene compounds in the chloroform fraction.

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Effects of Polyacetylene Compounds from Panax Ginseng C.A. Meyer on $CCl_4$-Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Mouse Liver

  • Kim, Hye-Young;Lee, You-Hui;Kim, Shin-Il
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.13-22
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    • 1988
  • The inhibitory effect of three polyacetylene compounds, panaxydol, panaxynol and panaxytriol isolated from Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer on $CCl_4$induced lipid peroxidation in vivo and in vitro hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation induced by ADP-$Fe^{3+}$, NADPH and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase were investigated. Their effects on lowering the lipid peroxide levels both in serum and liver and lowering the serum enzyme (GOT, GPT, LDH) activities without the $CCl_4$-induction were also determined. Male ICR mice were pretreated i.p. with polyacetylene compounds or DL-${\alpha}$-tocopherol before administration of $CCl_4$ i.p. and 20 hr after the administration of $CCl_4,$ serum and liver were analyzed. Hepatic microsome was isolated and used for the in vitro NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation system. Except for panaxynol, treatment with polyacetylenes to control mice did not reduce the levels of lipid peroxides and serum enzyme activities. Panaxynol itself inhibited lipid peroxidation in the liver of normal mice. Polyacetylene compounds protected from the $CCl_4$-induced hepatic lipid peroxidation and lowered serum lipid peroxide levels. Polyacetylenes also inhibited the in virto hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that panaxydol, panaxynol and panaxytriol seem to be the antioxidant components which contribute the anti-aging activities of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer.

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Stabilization of .betha.-D-galactosidase from heat and chemical inactivation with the extract of panax ginseng C. A. Meyer

  • Kim, Doo-Ha;Hahn, Younghe;Hong, Soon-Keun
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.45-52
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    • 1982
  • Staibilization effect of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer on .betha.-D-Galactosidase inactivation was proved by kinetic studies of thermal inactivation of the enzyme. The water extract Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer showed stabilization activity at minimal concentration of 10ppm. The methanolic extract was purified to obtain ginseng saponins, and two groups of the ginsenosides, i. e. protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol were isolated. They also showed a protective effect against the thermal and chemical inactivation of the enzyme; p-chloromercuribenzoic acid and hydroxylamine known as protein modifier greatly inactivated the enzyme but inactivation was significantly balocked by the ginseng component MG$^{2+}$, known as a cofactor, stabilized the enzyme and the poor stabilization effect by it was potentiated by ginseng components.s.

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