• Title/Summary/Keyword: Panax ginsneg

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Comparative Cytotoxic Activities of Various Ginsengs on Human Cancer Cell Lines

  • Sung Ryong Ko;You
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.18-21
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    • 1998
  • Comparative cytotoxic activities of petroleum ether soluble fraction from various ginsengs of Panax species were evaluated using A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma) and SK-OV-3(human ovary carcinoma) cancer cell lines. Korean red ginseng, Korean white ginseng, American ginseng and Canadian ginseng were found to show more potent cytotoxicitles on A549 and SK-OV-3 cell lines than Chinese red ginseng, Japanese red ginseng and Sanchi ginseng. It is noteworthy that especially, red ginseng prepared from the root of Panax ginseng cultivated in Korea shows relatively stronger cytotoxic activities than those cultivated in China and Japan.

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Studies on the Etiology of Red Rot of Ginseng (인삼 적부병원에 관한 연구)

  • 이민웅
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.179-186
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    • 1979
  • Rotting bacteria were isolated from decayed root rot of ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer), cultured purely, and it's pathogenicity was confirmed by reinoculation test. Two strains (E3, E7) were selected to be tested in more detailed study with respect to their morphological, cutural and biochemical characters. The strains causing red rot of ginsneg were identified as Erwinia carotovora.

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Protective Effect of Ginseng Polysaccharide Fraction on CCl4-induced Hepatotoxicity in vitvo ana in vivo (인삼 다당분획의 in vitro, in vivo에서 사염화탄소 유발 간독성에 대한 보호효과)

  • Kim, Young-Sook
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.108-113
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    • 1995
  • Effect of ginseng polysaccharide fraction was examined for $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. In $CCl_4$-injured primary cultured rat hepatocytes, treatment of the polysaccharide fraction (0.1, 0.3, 1.0 mg/ml) significantly Inhibited the release of LDH and GOT into the culture medium in a dose-dependent manner. Oral administration of the polysaccharide fraction (100, 200 mg/kg) inhibited the decrease of body weight and the increase of the ratio of liver to body weight in $CCl_4$-intoxicated rats. Elevation of GOT, GPT and ALP activity in the serum by $CCl_4$-induced hepatotoxicity was suppressed by administration of ginseng polysaccharide fraction. MDA levels increased in the serum as well as in the liver tissue by treatment with $CCl_4$ showed a tendency to be 연w in the rats given to the polysaccharide fraction. These results suggest that the polysaccharide fraction may be active substance responsible for antihepatotoxic effect of Panax ginseng.

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Stimulatory Effect of Ginsenosides on $pp60^{c-src}$ Protein Tyrosine Kinase

  • Hong, Hee-Youn;Park, Seon-Yang;Lee, Seung-Ki;Yoo, Gyurng-Soo;Choi, Jung-Kap
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.114-117
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    • 1993
  • Ginsenosides present in the roots of panax ginseng C.A. Meyer were shown to induce a stimulatory effect on the overexpressed cellular chicken c-src protein tyrossine kinase in NH3T3 cells. Among 4 ginsenosides studied $(G-Rb_2,\;G-Rc,\;G-Re\;and\;G-Rg_1),\;G-Rg_1$ showed the most stimulatory effect at $16.7\mu{g/ml}$ ginsenoside concentration increasing the activity by 2-4 times. Inhibitors of either protein synthesis or RNA synthesis blocked the activation of c-src proein tyrosine kinase. These results suggest that the csrc kinase activation apprars to involve an increase in the amount of protein of the kinase by transcriptional control mechanism rather than an increase in the kinase activity.

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Increase in Hepatic DT-Diaphorase Activity by Chronic Administration of Panax ginseng Extract to Mice (생쥐에서의 인삼추출액의 장기간 투여에 의한 간장 DT-Diaphorase 활성의 증가)

  • Lee, Kang-Mee;Wie, Myung-Bok;Song, Dong-Keun;Kim, Yong-Sik;Kim, Yung-Hi
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.123-126
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    • 1993
  • Effects of chronic administration of ginseng extracts (30 or 150 mg/kg/day for 52 days, p.o.) to mice on the activities of DT-diaphorase and glutathione S-transferase (GST) in the liver and the brain were studied. The DT-diaphorase activity in the liver was increased over 2-fold at the dose of both 30 and 150 mg/kg/day, while there was no change in the activity of the enzyme in the brain. The GST activity in the liver was increased in a dose-dependent fashion up to 142% of the control value at the dose of 150 mg/kg/day. while there was no change in the activity of the enzyme in the brain. The ginseng-induced increase in the activities of these hepatic phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes which are involved in the detoxification of carcinogens, is suggested to underlie, at least in part, the anticarcinogenic activity of Panax ginseng.

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Genetic Analysis of Ginseng Germplasm by Lactate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of Seed Protein

  • Zhao, Shoujing;Zhao, Yahui;Yang, Zhentang
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.168-172
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    • 1998
  • Systematic electrophoretic analysis of alcohol-soluble proteins and salt-soluble proteins of 247 Panax ginseng (P.g) and Panax quinquefolium (P.q) germplasms seed was carried out on an improved lactate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, a method with high resolving power, good reproducibility and stability. The electrophoregrams of proteins, according to their migration rate, were classified into four groups such as ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$, ${\gamma}$ and $\omega$ for the alcohol-soluble proteins and three such as I, II and III for the salt-soluble ones. Panax ginseng or Panax quinquefolium had their own unique band pattern distinguishable from each other, regarding as their specific "fingerprint". In this study, 3 of 168 (1.8%) P.g germplasms and 1 of 79 (1.3%) P.q germplasms had their own unique band pattern, showing that P.g and P.q germplasms have poor genetic diversity in species. The band patterns of dry seed and stratified seed (embryo rate=60%) were basically the same. The band number of the F, hybrid of p.gx p.q was exactly equivalent to the number of the common bands plus the specific bands of the two parents, indicating that the difference of band patterns was a genetic trait con- trolled by the nuclear genes. The electrophoregram of F1 of P.g x P.q could be predicted by that of the two parents and the band pattern of the F1 hybrids could be demnonstrated by that of the mixed seed extract from the two parents.

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Photosynthetic Characteristics of Resistance and Susceptible Lines to High Temperature Injury in Panax ginseng Meyer

  • Lee, Joon-Soo;Lee, Dong-Yun;Lee, Jang-Ho;Ahn, In-Ok;In, Jun-Guy
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.461-468
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    • 2012
  • In this study, photosynthetic parameters such as the net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular $CO_2$ concentration, and transpiration rate were examined in selected ginseng varieties and/or lines that are resistant (Yunpoong, HTIR 1, HTIR 2, and HTIR 3) and susceptible (Chunpoong) to high temperature injury (HTI). The net photosynthesis rate increased with the increase in the light intensity in all the HTI-resistant and -susceptible ginseng lines with a light saturation point of $200\;{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$, except for Yunpoong that had a light saturation point of $400\;{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$. At the light saturation point, the net photosynthesis rate in July was highest in HTIR 3, at $4.2\;{\mu}mol\;CO_2\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$, and was lowest in Yunpoong, HTIR 1, Chunpoong, and HTIR 2, in that order, at 1.9 to $3.7\;{\mu}mol\;CO_2\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$. The net photosynthesis rate in August was highest in Yunpoong at $5.9\;{\mu}mol\;CO_2\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$, and lowest in HTIR 1 and HTIR 3 ($4.5\;{\mu}mol\;CO_2\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$) and in other lines, in that order, at 2.8 to $2.9\;{\mu}mol\;CO_2\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$. The stomatal conductance in July was highest in HTIR 3 (0.055 mol $H_2O\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$) and Yunpoong, Chunpoong, HTIR 1, and HTIR 2 were 0.038, 0.037, 0.031, and 0.017 in that orders. In August, meanwhile, HTIR 1 showed the highest as 0.075, and followed by HTIR 3, Chungpoong, and HTIR 2 with 0.070, 0.047, and 0.023, respectively. The intercellular $CO_2$ concentration at the light saturation point in July and August was much lower in HTIR 2 at 139 and $185\;{\mu}mol\;mol^{-1}$ than in the other ginseng lines at 217 to 257 and 274 to $287\;{\mu}mol\;mol^{-1}$, respectively. The transpiration rate in July and August was higher in the HTI-resistant lines of Yunpoong, HTIR 1, and/or HTIR 3 at 0.83 to 1.03 and 1.67 to 2.10 mol $H_2O\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$ than in the other ginseng lines at 0.27 to 0.79 mol $H_2O\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$ and 0.51-1.65 mol $H_2O\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$, respectively. Conclusively, all the photosynthetic parameters that were examined in this study were generally higher in the HTI-resistant ginseng lines than in the HTI-susceptible lines, except for HTIR 2, and were much higher in August than in July, especially in the resistant ginseng lines. All these results can be used to provide basic information for the selection of HTI-resistant ginseng lines and the application of cultural practices that are efficient for ginseng growth, based on the photosynthetic characteristics of the lines.

Characteristics of the Water Soluble Browning Reaction of Korean Red Ginseng as Affected by Heating Treatment (열처리에 따른 고려홍삼의 수용성 갈변물질의 특성)

  • 이종원;이성계
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.193-199
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    • 1998
  • The purpose of this study was to Investigate characteristics of the water soluble browning reaction products (WS-BRPs) from Korean red ginseng by heat treatment. Absorbance of WS- BRPs was increased with increases of heating temperature and time, but pH value were decreased In Muter color value L and b value were decreased, while a value was increased. and absorbance at 280 nm in spectrum of the WS-BRPs was increased according to the increase of heating temperature. When the WS-BRPs were applied on Bio-Gel P-30 column after heating and pH treatment, two majors browning products increased according to the progress on time. And pH 3.0 increased in quantity of high molecular fractions and pH 8.0 increased in quantity of low molecular fractions.

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