• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.35-48
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• 2009

Parenting knowledge is regarded as an important variable influencing parenting style. This study investigated the parenting knowledge of mothers with infants and analyzed how this knowledge influenced their parenting style. The mothers’ parenting efficacy was included in the analysis as a mediator between parenting knowledge and parenting style. Three hundred and seventy-five mothers with infants completed questionnaires regarding parenting knowledge, parenting efficacy, and parenting style. The results showed that the mothers reported different scores in subcategories of parenting knowledge, in which the highest scores were in knowledge about rearing behavior and the lowest were in the developmental process. Second, there were differences in parenting knowledge scores according to the age, employment status, and educational level of subjects. Third, subjects with the more accurate parenting knowledge reported more positive parenting efficacy and parenting style. Lastly, parenting efficacy completely mediated between parenting knowledge and parenting style.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.8 s.210
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• pp.25-35
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• 2005

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between parenting stress and, parenting efficacy and on parenting behaviors in mothers with young children. Ed. Note: confirm wording. A total of 222 mothers, each having children aged three to five, participated in the study. The data were analyzed through frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression analysis. Results of this study indicate that parenting efficacy and stress were significantly related to parenting behaviors. The relationship between the mother's parenting stress and parenting behaviors was mediated by the mother's parenting efficacy. In conclusion, the mother's parenting efficacy and a perception of parenting stress turn out to be important factors in predicting parenting behaviors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.703-713
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between children's dietary self-efficacy, general characteristics and mother's parenting self-efficacy among elementary school students. Mother's parenting self-efficacy was significantly higher as parents' educational levels increased (p<0.001), as family monthly income level increased (p<0.001), and when father's job was professional or managing work (p<0.001). Children's dietary self-efficacy was meaningfully higher when parents' educational levels were higher (p<0.01), and family income level was higher (p<0.01). Mother's parenting self-efficacy showed a correlation with children's dietary self-efficacy (p<0.001). All factors comprising parenting self-efficacy, such as 'general parenting self-efficacy' (p<0.001), 'healthy parenting self-efficacy' (p<0.001), 'communication parenting self-efficacy' (p<0.001), 'educational parenting self-efficacy' (p<0.001), and 'control parenting self-efficacy' (p<0.001) showed correlation with children's dietary self-efficacy. It is suggested that in order to improve children's dietary self-efficacy and mothers' parenting self-efficacy, families, schools, and communities must put forth a concerted effort. By complementing existing nutritional programs focusing on nutritional knowledge, one can develop a education program and social support to enhance children's dietary self-efficacy and mothers' parenting self-efficacy.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.53-68
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parental beliefs, efficacy and stress on mother's parenting behaviors. The subjects were 243 mothers of two to three-Year-old children in Seoul. The main results showed that parental beliefs, efficacy and stress were significantly related with parenting behaviors. That is, the resets of mutiple regression analysis indicated that parental efficacy, beliefs and stress were significant variables predicting mother's parenting behavior. However, the predictive powers of these variables were different depending on the characteristics of parenting behaviors. And the relationship between mother's parental stress and parenting behaviors was mediated by mother's parental efficacy. To conclude, mother's cognitions such as parental beliefs, parental efficacy, and a perception of parenting stress turned out to be the vital factors in predicting parenting behaviors.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relative effects of father's parenting behavior, parenting stress and knowledge on bringing up children on his parenting self-efficacy. Two hundred and seventy fathers with children under the age of seven participated in this study. Fathers showed a lower level of parenting stress and a higher level of knowledge on child rearing. A higher level of parenting self-efficacy was observed in fathers who have good jobs. The factors of father's parenting behavior, parenting stress and knowledge on rearing children were significant variables in predicting his parenting self-efficacy. A factor of knowledge on child rearing was the best predictor of father's parenting self-efficacy.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.151-168
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate which variables predicted parenting efficacy. The variables of interest were demographic variables regarding both the infants and mothers, infant temperament and development, maternal parenting knowledge, parenting belief, and parenting stress. The subjects consisted of 260 infants and mothers. Data on infant's temperament, parenting knowledge, parenting belief, parenting stress and parenting efficacy were gathered through maternal self-reported questionnaires. Furthermore, infant development was assessed by classroom teacher. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analyses. Our results indicated that infant's sociability and activity, parenting knowledge about emotional development, parenting beliefs emphasizing the role of nature in infant development, low parenting stress all predicted parenting efficacy.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.163-175
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of mother and father's parenting efficacy, parenting stress on children's daily stress. The subjects were 292 children selected from 4 elementary schools and their mothers and fathers. Data was collected using the parenting efficacy index, parenting stress index, and children's daily stress inventory, and was statistically analyzed using t-test, one way ANOVA(Scheffe test), correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study showed that there were some significant differences in children's daily stress according to the children's grade and gender. Correlation analysis indicated that the mother's parenting efficacy and children's daily stress had negative correlation, and also father's parenting efficacy and children's daily stress had negative correlation. Further, mother's parenting stress had positive correlation with children's daily stress, and father's parenting stress as well. It was also found that parenting efficacy of mother's general parenting ability, parenting efficacy of father's discipline ability, father's stress of difficult child, mother's educational distress, and children's gender were all significant predictors of the children's daily stress.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.69-83
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• 2016

This study researched the life satisfaction of grandparents currently rearing grandchildren between 0 to 6 years old. We conducted a survey in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and Jeolla-do, collecting 134 questionnaires in total. The results of this study are as follows. First, the parenting efficacy of grandparents presently rearing grandchildren had a profound impact on life satisfaction. Precedent studies revealed that the physical conditions of grandparents, their education levels, and household income were factors related to the life satisfaction of seniors. However, the results of this study showed that parenting efficacy had a far greater effect on life satisfaction than other factors. It was revealed in this study that parenting efficacy is a very important variable for life satisfaction, not only for mothers and grandmothers but for all grandparents. In addition, the characteristics of the grandchildren also had an effect on the life satisfaction of their grandparents, although not more than parenting efficacy. Out of the characteristics of grandchildren, variables including sex and the presence or absence of disease were shown to have effects on life satisfaction. Secondly, the difficulty of parenting activities influences parenting efficacy, and parenting efficacy has an impact on the life satisfaction of grandparents. The more difficult the parenting activities of grandparents, the lower the parenting efficacy, and the higher the parenting efficacy, the higher the life satisfaction of grandparents.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.39-58
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the mediating effects of parenting efficacy on the relationship between parenting alliance and parenting stress, and to investigate whether the relationships between these indicators were the same for mothers and fathers. Methods: A sample of 228 parents (114 mothers and 114 fathers) of 6 month old infants in Gyeonggi Province completed measures of Perceived Parenting Competence, Parenting Alliance Inventory, and Parenting Stress Inventory-Short Form. Results: The results indicated that parenting alliance produced its effect directly and indirectly through parenting efficacy on parenting stress. Using multiple group SEM analyses, it revealed that fathers parenting efficacy was mediated by parenting alliance and that the strength of the pathways was stronger for fathers than for mothers. Conclusion/Implications: These findings suggest that parenting alliance can improve father's parenting efficacy. The differential predictors of mother and father efficacy as well as their implications for future research are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.351-365
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• 2005

This study investigated causal relations between mother's parenting, self-efficacy, perceived social support, stress, and parenting behaviors, Child's temperament, and the mediational role of mother's parenting self-efficacy. Participants were 404 Korean children and their mothers living in Seoul, Korea. Results showed that mother's parenting self-efficacy was positively related to mother's Warmth-Acceptance, social support, and child's temperament. On the other hand, mother's parenting self-efficacy was negatively related to. mother's Rejection-Restriction, mother's Permissiveness-Nonintervention, and mother's stress. Structural equation modeling indicated that mother's parenting self-efficacy was a significant mediator of the relation between mother's perceived social support and stress, child's temperament, and mother's parenting behaviors including Warmth-Acceptance, Rejection-Restriction and Permissiveness-Nonintervention Child's temperament had an indirect effect on mother's Rejection-Restriction and Permissiveness Nonintervention.