• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.161-169
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• 2006

Objectives : Patients who visit oriental medical hospital for growth treatment are increasing. So we aimed to classify the tendency of the patients. Methods : We studied 231 patients who visited Oriental medical hospital for growth treatment from January 2004 to August 2005. We classified sex ratio, height percentile, symptom form of the Oriental medicine, age ratio and developed complication of patients. We used X-ray, endoscope for nasal cavity, blood sample, the Standard Growth Table made by the Korean Association of Pediatrics, 1998. Results : The results which were classified as follows; boys were 50.2 percentile, girls were 49.8 percentile. The classification according to age stage resulted as follows; infant stage 1.3 percentile, preschool age 13.4%, school age 28.6%, rapid growth stage 22.9 percentile, puberty 33.8 percentile. The classification according to height percentile resulted as follows; 3 percentile or under 12.1%, 25 percentile or under 48.9%, 50 percentile or under 25.6%, 75 percentile or under 10.8%, 75 percentile excess 2.6%. The classification according to disease resulted as follows; paranasal sinusitis 12.1 percentile, allergic rhinitis 10 percentile, atopic dermatitis 5.6 percentile, nocturia 3 percentile, convulsion or tic disorder 2.2 percentile, precocious puberty 1.3 percentile, Tuner syndrome 0.9 percentile, developmental disability 0.4 percentile. Conclusions : Sex ratio of children patients who visited Orienatal medical hospital were nearly the same. 13.4% of hospital visit children patients were taller than average. Most of the male children patients were school ages while the female were in puberty. 35.5% of them have developed complication as follows; paranasal sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, nocturia, convulsion or tic disorder, precocious puberty, Tuner syndrome and developmental disability.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.761-772
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• 2007

It has been suggested that vegetables protect the cardiovascular system in part by attenuating blood pressure. The purpose of the present research was to examine blood lipids according to vegetable intakes. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressures, nutrient intakes using the 24-hour recall method, and serum lipids of <50th percentile vegetable intake group (<50th percentile VIG; men=66, women=111) and ${\ge}50th$ percentile vegetable intake group (${\ge}50th$ percentile VIG; men=83, women=94) were estimated. The average age, height, and BMI were 54.7 years, 158.2 cm, 62.2 kg, and $24.9kg/m^2$ for <50th percentile VIG and 53.7 years, 159.6 cm, 63.0 kg, and $24.7kg/m^2$ for ${\ge}50th$ percentile VIG, respectively. The daily food intake of the ${\ge}50th$ percentile VIG was significantly higher than that of the <50th percentile VIG (p<0.001). Also, daily intakes of cereals (p<0.001), legumes (p<0.05), nuts (p<0.05), vegetables (p<0.001), and fruits (p<0.05) of the ${\ge}50th$ percentile VIG were significantly higher than those of the <50th percentile VIG. The daily energy intakes of ${\ge}50th$ percentile VIG and <50th percentile VIG were 1342.7 kcal and 1782.0 kcal (p<0.001), and most nutrient intakes of the ${\ge}50th$ percentile VIG was significantly higher than that of the <50th percentile VIG. Serum cholesterol of the ${\ge}50th$ percentile VIG were significantly lower than that of the <50th percentile VIG (p<0.01). Also, vegetable intake showed significantly negative correlations with total cholesterol (p<0.05) and LDL-cholesterol (p<0.05). Based on these results, it should be emphasized that increase of vegetable intake improves the blood lipid profile.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.62-71
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• 2012

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze factors that enhance growth effect after the administration of Boyangsungjang-Tang (補陽成長湯) to children and adolescents. Methods This clinical study has been carried out with 112 children and adolescents, who visited one University Oriental Medicine Hospital Pediatric department, from January 2009 to December 2010. They were treated on height-growth with Boyangsungjang-Tang (補陽成長湯). We used modified-intend to treat analysis to examine children who had their height and weight records six months after the treatment. We use PASW Statistics 18.0 to analyze what factors (Height percentile, Weight percentile, Age, Birth weight, Frequency of taking Medicine, Period of Treatment) enhanced the growth by using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis. Results The mean value of the height percentile were significantly increased, $2.83{\pm}10.04$ ($36.61{\pm}27.02$ to $39.44{\pm}26.89$, P=0.004). The height percentile difference has significantly correlated with weight percentile (P<0.001) and height percentile (P<0.05). Weight less than 50 percentile (P<0.05), and treatment period more than 15 months (P<0.05) had significant impact on the height percentile differences. Conclusions If we have treated more than 15 months of Boyangsungjang-Tang (補陽成長湯) to children and adolescents whose weight are less than 50 percentile, we would have expected their height percentile to increase as $5.72{\pm}10.64$.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.165-171
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• 2014

PURPOSES : The objective of this study is to find Percentile Speed($V_p$) for Appraisal of Road Section with Recurring Congestion. METHODS : Percentile Speed($V_p$) is determined by correlation analysis of CSI that proposed existing literature. and CSI(Consistency Service Index) is a index that subtract service fail frequency from 100 points, and service fail is defined as traffic situation is driving less than 80kph speed. In this study, We analyzed the highest correlation percentile speed associated with CSI. This speed is chosen as a delay decision speed. In order to verifying reliability, it performed a comparison with the previous method. RESULTS : As a result, 30 percentile speed($V_{30}$) was decided as index speed for judgement of recurring congestion section, and through comparison with existing methods, we demonstrated that 30 percentile speed can be useful for judgement of recurring congestion section. CONCLUSIONS : This method to Determine recurring congestion section using the percentile speed($V_{30}$) was proposed for the first time in this paper. This method can be applicated more quickly and easily than existing method for determining of recurring delay section.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.5-12
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• 2015

Purpose: Retention and infiltration of small and frequently-occurring rainfall by LID facilities account for a large proportion of the annual precipitation volume. Based on 4 standard facilities such as Porous Pavement, Infiltration Trench, Cylindrical Infiltration Well, Rectangular Infiltration Well by Seoul Metropolitan Handbook of the Prior Consultation for LID. The total retention volume of each facility was calculated according to the type and size. The Purpose of this study is to find out the quantitative relationship between Percentile Rainfall Event and Design Volume of Infiltration Facilities. Methode: For the estimation of Percentile Rainfall Event, Daily Precipitation of Seoul from 2005 to 2014 was sorted ascending and the distribution of percentile was estimated by PERCENTILE spreadsheet function. The managed Rainfall Depth and Percentile of each facility was calculated at the several sizes. In response to the rainwater charge volume of 5.5mm/hr by the Category "Private large site", the 3 types of facilities were planned for example. The calculated Rainfall Depth and Percentile were 54.4mm and 90% by the use of developed Calculation-Module based on the Spreadsheet program. Result: With this Module the existing Designed Infiltration volume which was introduced from Japan was simply converted to the Percentile-Rainfall-Event used in USA.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.67-69
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• 2002

이 논문에서는 패킷 스케줄에 사용된 Percentile 스케줄 기법을 웹 서버에 적용하여 서버에 들어오는 다양한 요구를 클래스로 분류하여 차등적인 서비스를 제공하고자 하는 연구를 기술하였다. 논문에서는 범용 운영 체제를 실시간화 하기 위한 노력들을 살펴보았으며, Percentile에 기반한 스케줄러를 리눅스 환경에 구성한 방법을 기술하였다. 제안된 기법의 성능을 살펴보기 위하여 실험을 수행하였으며 Percentile 스케쥴 기법을 적용한 경우 지정된 클래스에 따라 자연히 다른 응답 시간을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.83-89
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• 2007

When allocating traffic signal at the signalized intersection, minimum green time and clearance time for bicyclists should be significantly considered in order to enhance safety aspects to bicyclists when crossing intersections, especially where intersections with exclusive bicycle paths that are physically separated from pedestrians. In this study, field measurements related to bicycle crossing time, including minimum peen time and clearance time, were collected and analyzed according to bicycles crossing types at the signalized intersections where high rate of bicyclists exists. Three types of bicycle crossing are defined as follows 1) stopping: completely stop before crossing (at least one foot on found) 2) riding: crossing with riding bicycle 3) pulling: crossing without riding bicycles. Minimum green time based on pedestrian speeds should be used as crossing time in this case. For bicyclists, speed of bicycle that is applicable to estimate the minimum green time is in the 1.36m/sec($15^{th}$ percentile) to 1.60m/sec($25^{th}$ percentile) range in case of its stopping. Also it is in the 0.75($15^{th}$ percentile) to 0.87($25^{th}$ percentile) range for pulling at crosswalk. In addition, speed of bicycle to consider for calculating the clearance time is in the 2.51m/sec($15^{th}$ percentile) to 2.79m/sec($25^{th}$ percentile). These values also resulted from $15^{th}$ percentile or $25^{th}$ percentile speeds of riding. The results of this study are expected to be supported in traffic signal allocation process, reflecting bicyclists' characteristics.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2004

Objective : We used herbal medicine to treat various disease and also to keep good general condition of children. We aimed to evaluate the effect of herbal medicine on the growth of children treated with herbal medicine. Method: We studied 187 children who visited the department of Pediatrics, KyungHee Oriental Medical Hospital from March 2004 to August 2004. They meet condition as follows; they were treated for more than 6 months and they visited our clinic more than 3 times. Whenever patients visited our hospital, we measured their height, body weight and obesity degree using DS-102(dszenix, Seoul). We measured height percentile of first time visit, and that of last time visit. And we compared them using the Growth Statistics Curve made by the Korean Association of Pediatrics, 1998. Results : The mean growth of total children showed 4.04 percentile upwardly; the growth- up percentile of boys was 4.52 and that of girls was 3.26. Analysis according to disease resulted as follows; children with respiratory disease showed 10.29 percentile growth-up, digestive disease 4.21percentile, urinary disease 4 percentile, allergic disease 2.65 percentile, weak children 2.52 percentile and other disease 3.19 percentile. Conclusion : Herbal medical treatment helped growth not only in children who took medicine for growth retardation problem but children with various disease. Moreover herbal medical treatment applied to keep good general condition of children also gave positive effect on the growth of children.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.147-156
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• 2014

Objectives The purpose of this study is to evaluate the current growth via Growth indices, Obesity indices, Metabolic risk factors of Multicultural Families' Children in Dae-jeon area. Methods 5 to 12 year old children from 56 multicultural families were enrolled in this study, and were examined their bone age and body composition, and have received blood tests. Results 1. In Growth indices, average height percentile was $53.64{\pm}25.59%$. The AHP and MPH respectively, were converted into 20 years old adult height percentile, AHP of a girls was 40 percentile and MPH was 19 percentile, AHP of boys was 57 percentile and MPH was 21 percentile. 2. In Obesity indices, average of BMI pecentile was $44.16{\pm}29.52$; low-weight group (6 boys, 4 girls), normal-weight group (20 boys, 18 girls), over-weight group (8 girls). Average PWH was $100.51{\pm}15.66%$; low-weight group (9 boys, 5 girls), normal-weight group (14 boys, 15 girls), over-weight group (3 boys, 5 girls), obesity group (5 girls). 3. The results of the relationship between Growth indices and Obesity indices, 1) As RH percentile in boys was increased, skeletal maturity, AHP and AHP-MPH were also increased. Similarly, as RH percentile in girls was increased, skeletal maturity, AHP and AHP-MPH were also increased. 2) As skeletal maturity in boys was increased, BMI percentile was also increased. As skeletal maturity in girls was increased, AHP-MPH was decreased but had no significant differences. Conclusions Current growth of children in multicultural families was above the average when compared to that of average children in the same age. It was predicted that the boys' height were still above the average adult height, but the girls' height were below the average. Also this study showed that girls were more prone to be overweight than boys, thus requiring more intensive management and training in regards to eating habits and exercise.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.49-62
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the herbal medicine in children's growth. Methods: 67 of the children in the age from 3 to 16 were participated in this study(31 of boys and 36 of girls). Department of the pediatrics, $\bigcirc\bigcirc$ university oriental medical hospital, and the participants were measured their body composition and their bone age, the height percentile of the first and the last visit were measured, and those were compared by the Korean Association of Pediatrics' Growth Statistics Curve. Results: 1. Generally, total children's average height and weight were significantly increased after the herbal medical treatment. The comparison between the height and the average height, the weight and the average weight were significantly decreased after the herbal medical treatment. 2. Total children's average soft lean mass, body fat mass, BMI, basal metabolic rate, abdominal circumference and hip circumference were also significantly increased after the herbal medical treatment. 3. The mean height percentile of the children showed 0.88 percentile upwardly. The mean weight percentile of children showed 1.84 percentile upwardly. 4. The height percentile was increased in the group of boys younger than 13, and a group of girls older than 12 year old. Other than a group of boys older than 14, every group showed increasing weight percentile. Conclusions: The herbal medical treatment helped children with growth retardation.