• Title/Summary/Keyword: Perception of savings

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Housewives Perception Degree on Saving Goods - In Seoul Area (저축상품에 대한 주부들의 인식도 - 서울 지방을 중심으로)

  • 이혜임;한상순
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.119-136
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    • 1986
  • To survey the intensities of housewives perception on savings-goods and to suggest them some guiding direction for reasonable saving behavior, a total of 392 questionaires was distributed to housewives in Seoul. The data were analyzed in terms of frequency, percentage, x2-test, F-test and Pearson's Correlation. The Results were as follows; 1) Housewives awareness degree on savings-goods scored total average marks of 37/100 which was in the relatively low level. 2) Housewives interest degree on saving-goods scored total average marks of 70/100 which was in the fairly high level. 3) The correlation between awareness and interest degree on savings-goods was very highly significant. 4) The major information source of savings-goods was from pamphlet, TV, radio and newspaper, namely, public information. 5) Housewives perception of public information on savings-goods was very weak.

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The Effects of Price Salience on Consumer Perception and Purchase Intentions (개격현저대소비자감지화구매의도적영향(价格显著对消费者感知和购买意图的影响))

  • Martin-Consuegea, David;Millan, Angel;Diaz, Estrella;Ko, Eun-Ju
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.149-163
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    • 2010
  • Previous studies have shown that retail price promotion change consumers' purchase behavior and that retailers use price promotion more frequently. Keeping constant the benefits received by consumers, there are several ways for retailers to communicate a price promotion. For example, retailers can present a price reduction in absolute terms ($, ${\euro}$), percentage terms (%), or some combinations of these two methods (Della Bitta et al. 1981). Communicating a price promotion in different ways is similar to the framing of purchase decisions (Monroe 1990). Framing effects refers to the finding that subjects respond differently to different descriptions of the same decision question (Frisch 1993). Thus, the presentation of the promotion has an impact on consumer deal evaluation and hence retail sales. In fact, much research in marketing attests to the effects of price presentation on deal perception (Lichtenstein and Bearden 1989; Urbany et al. 1988; Yadav and Monroe 1993). In this sense, a number of marketing researches have argued that deal perceptions are also determined by the degree to which consumers are able to calculate the discounts and final purchase prices accurately (Estelami 2003a; Morwitz et al. 1998), which suggests that marketers may be able to enhance responses to discounts by improving calculation accuracy. Consequently, since calculation inaccuracies in the aggregate lead to the underestimation of discounts (Kim and Kramer 2006), consumers are more likely to appreciate a discounted offer following deeper processing of price information that enables them to evaluate a price discount more accurately. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of different presentations of discount prices on consumer price perceptions. To be more precise, the purpose of this study is to investigate how different implementations of the same price promotion (semantic and visual salience) affect consumers' perceptions of the promotion and their purchase decisions. Specifically, the analysis will focus on the effect of price presentation on evaluation, purchase intentions and perception of savings. In order to verify the hypotheses proposed in the research, this paper will present an experimental analysis dealing with several discount presentations. In this sense, a2 (Numerical salience presentation: absolute and relative) x2 (Worded salience presentation: novel and traditional) x2 (Visual salience: red and blue) design was employed to investigate the effects of discount presentation on three dependent variables: evaluation, purchase intentions and perception of savings. Respondents were exposed to a hypothetical advertisement that they had to evaluate and were informed of the offer conditions. Once the sample finished evaluating the advertisement, they answered a questionnaire related to price salience and dependent dimensions. Then, manipulation checks were conducted to ensure that respondents remembered their treatment conditions. Next, a $2{\times}2{\times}2$ MANOVA and follow-up univariate tests were conducted to verify the research hypotheses suggested and to examine the effects of the individual factors (price salience) on evaluation, purchase intentions and perceived savings. The results of this research show that semantic and visual salience presentations have significant main effects and interactions on evaluation, purchase intentions and perception of savings. Significant numerical salience interactions affected evaluation and purchase intentions. Additionally, a significant worded salience main effect on perception of savings and interactions on evaluation and purchase intentions were found. Finally, visual salience interactions have significant effects on evaluation. The main findings of this research suggest practical implications that firms should consider when planning promotion-based discounts to attract consumer attention. Consequently, because price presentation has important effects on consumer perception, retailers should consider which effect is wanted in order to design an effective discount presentaion. Specifically, retailers should present discounts with a traditional style that facilitates final price calculation. It is thus important to investigate ways in which marketers can enhance the accuracy of consumers' mental arithmetic to improve responses to price discounts. This preliminary study on the effect of price presentation on consumer perception and purchase intentions opens the line of research for further research. The results obtained in this research may have been determined by a number of limiting conceptual and methodological factors. In this sense, the research deals with a variety of discount presentations as well as with their effects; however, the analysis could include additional salience dimensions and effects on consumers. Furthermore, a similar study could be carried out including a larger, more inclusive and heterogeneous sample of consumers. In addition, the experiment did not require sample individuals to actually buy the product, so it is advisable to compare the effects obtained in the research with real consumer behavior and perception.

Perception of Family financial Security and Satisfaction with Quality of Family Life - For Urban husband and Wives.- (가정경제안정도인지와 가정생활의 질 만족 -도시 기혼남.녀를 대상으로-)

  • 고보선;임정빈
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.191-208
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    • 1992
  • The study is focused on the perception of husbands and wives family financial security and satisfaction with quality of family life. Data was collected from the husbands and wives in Seoul. Eligibility was limited to family units with husband, wife, and at least one child. 852(Husbands:432, Wives: 420) out of 1200 respondents were finally selected as datum sources. The data was analyzed by Frequency, OneWay-ANOVA, t-test, Pearson' correlation and regression analysis. The major findings are the following: 1) In regard to the perception of family income adequacy, wives' perception was higher than husbands'. On the family financial problem, husbands had more experienced the financial problem than wives. 2) Marriage education, family income, husbands and wives education , and savings effected satisfaction with quality of family life. and husbands are more satisfaction with quality of family life than wives. 3) Determined the impact of the perception of family financial security on the satisfaction with quality of family life was 41% for wives and 33% for husbands, respectively.

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Toward a Conceptualization of Clothing Price Perception: A Taxonomy of shopping Behavior (의복가격지각의 다차원성에 관한 연구: 구매행동 유형화를 중심으로)

  • 이규혜;이은영
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.26 no.6
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    • pp.877-888
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    • 2002
  • Price is a product attribute, which is determined by the function of the producing cost and profit. It is also identified as one of the most important components of the marketing mix. For consumers, price is an always-existing cue, definite evaluation criteria, and easily accessible information in the purchasing process. Considering the concept of the clothing-price in a comprehensive perspective encompassing economic, psychological and marketing perspectives, a theoretical model was developed. The model includes souses and dimensions of price perception and related behaviors. Souses of price perception were: the actual retail price at selling point, the internal reference price and external reference price. The dimensions of price perception included sacrifice perception, economic value perception, inference, savings perception and price as information perception. Clothing price related behaviors that flowed these dimensions were: low price consciousness, value for money consciousness, price-quality inference, price-prestige inference, sale proneness and price mavenism. An empirical study was conducted to validate the theoretical model. A questionnaire was developed and data were collected from 680 adult women living in Seoul, Korea. Confirmatory factor analysis as well as exploratory factor analysis results showed that theorized price related behaviors were successful classifications.

A Study on the Households Property Increase to the Wealth Recognition of Woman's (여성의 부의 인식에 따른 가계자산증식에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Ae-Lyeon
    • Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.181-205
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate some Influencing factors related to the wealth perception and property increase of 519 women in Seoul. The research was conducted from the end of February 15 to the beginning of January 20, 2009. The figures obtained were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, x-test, t-test, F-test, chi-square, and Duncan's F-test with SPSS pc+ The major findings of who study are summarized as follows: l.There were significant differences between the wealth recognition (economic plan affirmative and negative perception of wealth) for women according to social and psychological variables; economic plans have a higher value for married women, older women, those who have followed a postgraduate university course, those with higher income and expenditure, higher life satisfaction, and high and middle satisfaction with their economic life. In particular, economic plans varied significantly according to expectation of wealth in old age, and future economic prospects in the middle group. 2. Increased wealth and economic according to social and psychological variables (marital status, age, education, income, expenditure, life satisfaction, satisfaction with economic life, expectation of wealth in old age, future economic prospects) were shown to be associated with the following methods of increasing property: use of savings banks (p<.001) showed a rate of deposit of 20%-40% (p<.001) saving and thrift was a practice (p<001) that was related to the cost of living; and education expenditure (p<.001) as a property preparation period was exhibited in women aged 25-30 (p<.001). 3. There were significant differences in the recognition of wealth according to strategies for increasing wealth. There were no significant differences between mean of property acquisition and point of expenditure or the property preparation period in the perception of wealth. The related variables in rate of deposits were under 20% according to economic plan and negative wealth perception. In contrast, in the middle and high group, the economic plan and negative wealth perception were 20%-40% in relation to the rate of deposits. Variables related to the action of saving and thrift and property acquisition were practiced in the low and middle group of affirmative wealth recognition and the high group of negative wealth perception. The high group for wealthrecognition and the low group for wealthnegation exhibited little savings, thrift, and property accumulation. Those variables which point an expenditure the cost of living were education expenditure in all groups of negative wealth perception. The women in the study practiced more soundness economic planning according to their increased wealth and economic strategy. This study suggests that women should have positive wealth perception in their lives.

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Determinants of the Consumer's Search for Information -Focusing on durables Goods Purchases by American Consumers- (소비자 정보탐색의 결정요인-미국소비자들의 내구재구매행동을 중심으로-)

  • 여정성
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.15-25
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    • 1989
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the factors affecting the consumer's search for information and the relationship between the amount of search and the final price paid. The model indicates the demand for search is affected by the market price of each durable good purchased, the tim available for search, family income, direct cost of search, the initial stock of information, effectiveness of search, and shopping attitudes. The final price savings are a function of search, price of dispersion in the market, the initial stock of information, and effectiveness of search. Data from the Pane Study on Consumer Decisions and Asset Management were used for the empirical testing of the theoretical model. The amount of information search as dependent variable is represented by two different measures, the level of discussion with others and the number of stores visited. The amount of discussion with others depends mainly on the respondent's shopping attitude. The higher the wife's desire to search, the higher the degree of husband's comparison shopping, the less the husband's perception of price-quality relationship, the higher the level of discussions with others. The number of stores visited depends on the average market price of product purchased and the level of family income. The higher the average market price and he higher the level of family income, the greater the number of stores visited. The final savings depend upon the level of information search. The greater the number of store visited, but the less the purchase is discussed with stores, the higher the final savings are.

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A Study on Pilots' Behavior on Decision of Maneuvering Aircraft for Fuel Efficient Flight Operation

  • Yoo, Kwang Eui;Jeon, Seung Joon
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.96-104
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    • 2019
  • The response to climate change of international air transport industry might be initiated by ICAO's CORSIA (Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation) which will impact on international airlines' flight operation behavior in the future. Though the airlines' efforts to reduce fuel consumption has been a major issue in economics of aviation industry, the improvement of fuel efficiency in flight operation will have additional impact on their profitability by introducing carbon emission cost. The fuel consumption in flight operation will be somewhat influenced by pilots' technical action for maneuvering aircraft during flight operation. This study will investigate pilots' behavior on decision for tactical aircraft control for mission flight. The data will be collected by the survey through sample pilots asking about their intention and perception on fuel savings during flight operations. The data will be analyzed by AHP process and the study will find out the elements and factors influencing pilots' behavior on technical decision of flight and their weights on fuel saving effects.

A Comparative Analysis on Objective Evaluation and Subjective Perception of Household Economic Structure for Commuting and Non-Commuting Couples (주말부부 가계와 비주말부부 가계의 객관적, 주관적 경제구조분석 및 비교연구)

  • 허경옥
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.201-212
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    • 2003
  • This study analyzed the objective indicators of household economic structures, such as income, expenditure, and debts, as well as a subjective evaluation of economic standards, and compared the households of commuting couples (so called Weekend couples) with those of non-commuting couples. Findings of this study are as follows. First, both husbands and wives in commuter marriages had a higher level of education, were younger, had poorer health, and had shorter working hours than the couples in non-commuter marriages. Second, commuting couples had a significantly higher income than non-commuting couples. In addition, commuting couples had a greater amount of savings, had a higher cost of living, and lower debts than non-commuting couples. Third, commuting couples evaluated their status of household economy more negatively than non-commuting couples. Despite the fact that the commuting couples were more affluent in terms of the objective indicators, including income, savings, and assets, their level of health and psychological well-being were compromised. Lastly, factors determining commuter marriages were the number of years the husband has spent in his job, and the husband's level of education. The shorter the tenure of the husband's job, and the higher the level of husband's education, the more likely the couple was in a commuter marriage.

Pre-retirement Planning Programs for Male Salary Workers - Focus on Perception and Solving of Life Problems (남성 봉급생활자의 은퇴 전 생활설계프로그램 - 생활문제 인식 및 대처방안을 중심으로)

  • Hang Sung-Hee;Kim Soon-Mi;Kim Hye-Yeon
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.24 no.3 s.81
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    • pp.95-115
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    • 2006
  • The purpose of this study was to analyze the affecting factors on male salary workers' pre-retirement plans and pre-retirement planning programs. The focus was on male workers' pre-retirement plans and programs for economy, housing, family relationship, leisure and health care in their elderly life. The major findings were as follows: First, the salary workers estimated their level of economic and health problems among their elderly life as relatively high. Second, the major factors affecting the level of planning for post-retirement were salary workers' age, job satisfaction, and reserved savings for their elderly life. Third, the major affecting factors on participation in pre-retirement planning programs were age, educational attainment, and spouse's job status. From these findings, it can be concluded that salary workers' level of pre-retirement planning and the needs of pre-retirement planning programs differed from their personal characteristics and preferences. Also, salary workers' characteristics related to job and retirement had more important effects on their pre-retirement planning than economic status.

Survey of Farmers' Perception and Behavior for Agricultural Water Saving - Applying to Irrigation Facility Monitors in Pohang and Yeongdeok Areas - (농업용수 물절약에 대한 농업인 의식 및 행동 조사 - 포항·영덕지역 수리시설감시원을 대상으로 -)

  • Lee, Seul-Gi;Choi, Kyung-Sook
    • Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.39-47
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    • 2020
  • While agricultural water has been declared free in Korea to ensure access to these limited resource since the year 2000, farmers have however developed lackadaisical behavior towards water saving leading to its scarcity. To overcome this problem, a variety of experience-oriented education model was developed for farmers to promote the adoption of water conservation, and preventive measure against the drought impacts. In this study, farmers' awareness and their attitudinal behavior of agricultural water savings were investigated. The monitoring of water supply structure and the repair facilities in Pohang and Yeongdeok areas were conducted. The field visits and behavioral surveys showed a high degree of over-use and illegal water withdrawals by the farmers due to poor water-saving and management practices. We found that most of the KRC employees strongly admitted the necessity of water-saving education. On the other hand, the farmers showed good interest in the implementation of water-saving awareness through education. Besides this, most farmers agreed to adopt water-saving practices in the fields. Farmers also acknowledged the recklessness of water use was due to the aging of waterways, poor water management, and illegal water consumption. The majority of the farmers responded against imposing the water-use tariffs. However, there was a low response to paying the water-use charge. Aging agricultural facilities and the lack of institutional penalties or incentives were the major obstacles in achieving efficient water-saving. Considering the current drought frequency, urgent water-saving education of farmers was deemed necessary to prepare the farming community against the water shortages. Based on the results of this study, we have to identify the irrigation practices of farmers and provide water-saving education to enforce more efficient use and management of agricultural water.