• Korean Journal of Geomatics
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.141-148
• /
• 2004

This paper deals with the characteristics of strain pattern by using permanent GPS stations in Korea in terms of seismic activity and tectonics. Fourteen GPS stations involved in precise baseline vector solution and horizontal strain components were calculated using the differences of mean baseline from ten deily solutions during the time span of three years. The mean rate of maximum shear strain if 0.12 $\mu$/yr. The mean direction of principal axes of the compression is about $85^{\circ}$ N.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.299-307
• /
• 2007

This study is about the calculation of practical orthometric height for permanent GPS station. We presented the method to determine the orthometric height precisely by combining leveling data, GPS data and gravimetry data, and determined the orthometric heights of thirty GPS stations. To test the result we developed the expected error model fur the determined orthometric heights regarding the accuracy of Korean national benchmarks and the precision of surveying methods used at this project. The reliability of the results was presented by comparing it with expected error model statistically.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.10-15
• /
• 2016

In this study, The code-carrier divergence test was applied to GPS measurements, and the results were compared and analyzed. The GPS data used for the threshold determination were obtained from Global Navigation Satellite System permanent stations built by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute. At each permanent station, identical dual-frequency receiver and choke ring antenna with radome are installed. The analysis method, root mean square values were compared and analyzed for each permanent station and satellite. As a result, the root mean square value generally decreased as the satellite elevation angle increased although the trend was gentle. Threshold were finally selected based on the average and standard deviation of root mean square for each permanent station. For improving of availability and continuity in real-time operation when the threshold is over the limits, Code-Carrier divergence test values are initialized.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.337-345
• /
• 2007

National Geographic Information Institute has installed the first permanent Global Positioning System (GPS) station SUWN in 1995 and, as of today, the number of sites is 14. In this study, we visited all the 14 stations and determined if the site mount and antenna configuration conforms to the international site guidelines published by International GNSS Service and National Geodetic Survey. The environment around each station was also checked for the possibility of causing positioning errors. In addition, the GPS data quality was evaluated using the quality-checking program called TEQC. As a result of site visits, we found that low stations (TABK, CHJU, KWNJ, and WNJU) have unfavorable environment and TEQC results validated it. TEQC results also showed that the GPS receiver change during years 2005-2006 reduced the multipath errors and the number of cycle slips at every station.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
• /
• 2003.04a
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2003

As the distance between GPS rover station and GPS base station increases, more decorrelated positioning errors limit the ability for PDGPS(Precise Differential GPS). The objective of this paper is to present the improvement of using VRS(virtual reference station) based on multiple GPS reference station network to single reference station for static positioning in post-processing mode. For this, the VRS observations from GPS observations of real reference stations are derived by using Web service in post-mode. The coordinates of check point post-processed by 27 kind of VRS observations compared with the known ones.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.367-376
• /
• 2002

As of September 2002, there are more than 60 operational permanent Global Positioning System (GPS) stations in South Korea. Their data are being used for a variety of purposes: geodynamics, geodesy, real-time navigation, atmospheric science, and geography. Especially, many of the sites are reference stations for DGPS (Differential GPS). However, there has been no comprehensive and qualitative analysis published to evaluate the data quality. In this study, we present preliminary results of our assessment of the permanent GPS sites in South Korea. We have analyzed the multi-path characteristics of each station using a quality-checking software package called TEQC. Another multipath analysis tool based on post-fit phase residuals was used to check the repeating patterns and the amount of the multipath at each site. The long-term stability of each station was analyzed using the root-mean-square (RMS) error of the estimated site positions for one year, which enabled us to evaluate the mount stability. In addition, the number of cycle slips at each site was derived by TEQC. Based on these series of tests, we compared the stability and data quality of permanent GPS stations in South Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
• /
• 2004.04a
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 2004

This study describes the validation of the GPS/Levelling using GPS data that were obtained from three Permanent GPS stations of the Jeju island. Each orthometric height of three Permanent GPS stations was calculated from the Bench mark of levelling with Traverse-survey and relative baseline processing The test result shows that the error of closure of orthometric height was about 1.6cm and one of ellipsoidal height was about 1.5cm. This result represents that the geoidal height and undulations are regular in the Jeju island. According to the test results, it is identified that one can calculate the orthometric height using Permanent GPS station data rather than traditional levelling method which has a some complexity especially in Jeju island.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.137-149
• /
• 2011

In this study, we analyzed the effects of seismic displacements due to the mega thrust earthquake occurred near Tohoku-Oki area on Mar. 11, 2011 with Mw 9.0 magnitude in the context of evaluation of position change by the earthquake on the Korean and Asian GPS permanent stations. For this, two weeks GPS data observed around the event of Tohoku-Oki earthquake (Mar. 4 ~ Mar. 18, 2011) were obtained from 22 GPS permanent stations in the vicinity of epicenter (Korea, Japan, Russia, China and Taiwan) and 284 IGS global stations. All available GPS data were processed and adjusted by GAMIT/GLOBK software to estimate the co-seismic horizontal displacements at each station. As the results of GPS analysis, the co-seismic displacements due to Tohoku-Oki earthquake were clearly revealed in the GPS stations of Asian region, Japan and its neighboring countries, and even to affect the horizontal position of GPS station (WUHN in China) which are located about 2,702km away from the epicenter. In conclusion, it was found that the Tohoku-Oki earthquake had resulted in the horizontal displacements ranging from 14.9 mm to 58.3 mm in Korea. So, these displacements can cause the position error of GPS geodetic survey up to 20 mm without updating the coordinates of Korean geodetic network.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.65-70
• /
• 2011

National Geographic Information Institute provides VRS service using permanent GPS networks. VRS-RTK(Virtual Reference System-Real Time Kinematic)GPS surveying which enable to accomplish the real time-based GPS surveying has been increasingly popular. However the positioning accuracy tends to deteriorate as the distance between the rover and base station increases in the VRS-RTK GPS surveying. To analysis this problem in this study, the accuracy of VRS-RTK data was analyzed with 2 different test sites of Geoje city, Gyeongnam province within and without the permanent GPS networks in order to accomplish the cadastral supplementary control surveying. As a result of surveying accuracy analysis at two test sites, positioning errors were ${\pm}0.03m$(RMSE) in both sites. The result was that within the tolerance specified in cadastral surveying law, and indicated the possibility of VRS-RTK GPS surveying in cadastral surveying.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.237-247
• /
• 2011

As of 2011, 72 Permanent GPS Stations are installed to control DGPS reference points by the National Geographic Information Institute in South Korea. As the center of the Earth's mass continues to move, the coordinates of the permanent GPS stations become inconsistent over time. Thus, a reference frame using a set of coordinates and their velocities of a global network of stations at a specific period has been used to solve the inconsistency. However, the relative movement of the permanent GPS stations can lower the accuracy of GPS relative positioning. In this research, we first analyzed the data collected daily during the past 30 months at the 40 permanent GPS stations within South Korea and the 5 IGS permanent GPS stations around the Korean Peninsula using a global network adjustment. We then calculated the absolute and relative amount of movement of the GPS permanent stations. We also identified the optimum renewal period of the permanent GPS stations considering the accuracy of relative GPS surveying. Finally, we developed a Korean a Korean crustal movement model that can be used to improvement of accuracy.