• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.265-276
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• 2017

Korean petroglyphs have been found over a lot of ruins through nation-wide regions including Daegok-ri Bangudae and Cheonjeon-ri in Ulsan. In this paper, we present an information system for Korean petroglyph ruins named KPetro which supports the dedicated camera application and the timeline service. The system provides the services for searching and updating information in various ways over the primary database constructed with the data on petroglyph ruins, which are collected by the Bangudae Petroglyph Institute. In addition, through the camera application developed for the system, users can easily add photos to the appropriate petroglyph ruin according to the GPS information of the location where those photos are taken. Also, the system provides the timeline service showing the photos for a specific petroglyph ruins in order of shooting time. To support both mobile and desktop environments, KPetro provides its functions in a web browser using the HTML5 standard technology and the JavaScript language, enabling the system to be adaptable to various user devices and extendable for its functionalities.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.262-269
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• 2007

Traces of ancestors in the era without letters can be found in their legacies and remains such as stone implement, earthenware, dwelling sites, etc. Petroglyph among them reflects their life and spirits as like an epic so that we can be with them through petroglyph. petroglyph is a common culture of mankind, which has been found in various places over the world. The infinite value of traditional culture has a great impact as much as it is unnecessary to more discuss about it. When a culture of a country is reproduced as a world-class product, the country can have visible profits as well as positive effects on diverse fields. The Pangudae petroglyph in Ulsan, consistion of fishery and huntihg religiong, is one of the greatest cultural legacies of the local own uniqueness, and a source and thesaurus of design development. Despite limited tools and unskilled tact, the Pangudae petroglyph Carving shows a strong vital power, which does not change by time, of a whale or a man with various methods such as line and face carving, embossed carving, etc. under a desperate and unconditional purpose, the survival. Thus, the study tries to suggest scarf designs that applies such beauty in fashion design by using the formative beauty caused by natural abrasion through the time, and the feel of lines and stony material.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.606-613
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• 2006

The present study examined the characteristic of regional food culture observed in prehistoric Daegok-ri petroglyph based on the history of art, archeological materials and existing whale eating customs. Daegok-가 petroglyph expressed animals in the sky, on the land and in the sea. According to the relic, the most preferred land and marin animals were deer and whale, respectively. In terms of petroglyphic techniques. earlier patch engraving was used mainly to express marin animal whale, and later line engraving to express land animal deer. This implies the possibility that as whale hunting declined due to regional environmental change the source of protein was switched to land animals. Among relics found in Dongsam-dong shell mound, which is a remain from the Neolithic Period, whale bones appear only in shell mounds of the Neolithic Period in coastal areas, and shell mounds until the Ironze Age, which were the agricultural Age, were found the bones of land animals such as deer and wild boar. This shows that in the petroglyph thematic land animals expressed in line engraving, which is a technique later than patch engraving, were major food resources for the supply of protein. Moreover, in terms of art, Daegok-ri petroglyph describes 'advanced hunters', suggesting that it was the Neolithic Period and showing 문 aspect of regional food culture based on hunting and fishing. The credibility, which prehistoric men expressed in Daegok-ri petroglyph before the invention of letters, was also proved by archeological articles.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.629-646
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• 2023

Host rock of Cheonjeon-ri petroglyph is shale belonging to the Daegu Formation of Cretaceous Gyeongsang Supergroup. The rocks were hornfelsified by thermal alteration, and shows high density and hardness. The petroglyph forms weathered zone with certain depth, and has difference in mineral and chemical composition from the unweathered zone. As the physical deterioration evaluations, most of cracks on the surface appear parallel to the bedding, and are concentrated in the upper part with relatively low density. Breakout parts are occurred in the upper and lower parts of the petroglyph, accounting for 6.0% of the total area and occurs to have been created by the wedging action of cracks crossing. The first exfoliation parts occupying the surface were 23.8% of the total area, the second exfoliations covered with 9.3%, and the exfoliation parts with three or more times were calculated as 3.4%. It is interpreted that this is not due to natural weathering, and the thermal shock caused by the cremation custom here in the past. As the ultrasonic properties, the petroglyph indicates highly strength in the horizontal direction parallel to bedding, and the area with little physical damage recorded mean of 4,684 m/s, but the area with severe cracks and exfoliations showed difference from 2,597 to 3,382 m/s on average. Physical deterioration to the Cheonjeon-ri petroglyph occurred to influence by repeated weathering, which caused the rock surface to become more severe than the inside and the binding force of minerals to weaken. Therefore, it can be understood that when greater stress occurs in the weathered zone than in the unweathered zone, the relatively weathered surface loses its support and exfoliation occurs.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.160-189
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• 2023

The Cheonjeon-ri petroglyph is inscribed with shale formation belonging to the Daegu Formation of the Gyeongsang Supergroup in the Cretaceous of the Mesozoic Era. This rock undergoes thermal alteration to become hornfels, and has a high hardness and dense texture. Rock-forming minerals have almost the same composition as quartz, alkali felspar, plagioclase, calcite, mica, chlorite and opaque minerals, but calcite is rarely detected in the weathered zone. The petroglyph forms a weathered zone with a certain depth, and there is a difference in mineral and chemical composition between weathered and unweathered zones, respectively. The CaO contents of the weathered zone were reduced by more than 90% compared to that of the unweathered zone, because calcite reacted with water and dissolved. As a result of calculating the surface weathering depth for the petroglyph with the transmission characteristics of X-rays, depth of the parts in falling off and exfoliation showed a depth of about 0.5 to 1 mm, but the weathering depth in most areas was calculated to be about 3 to 4 mm. This can be proved by the contents and changes of Ca and Sr. The surface discolorations of the petroglyph are distributed with different color density, and the yellowish brown discoloration is alternated with a thin biofilm layer, showing a coverage of 79.6%. Therefore, periodic preservation managements and preventive conservation monitoring that can effectively control the physicochemical and biological damages of the Cheonjeonri petroglyph will be necessary.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.443-453
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• 2016

The Petroglyph is a drawing on the rock which reflects the art, religion, myth, and life style of prehistoric society. Recently lots of researches have been studied to develop the contents applying the petroglyphs in the fields of exhibition, education, entertainment, and commercial. This research aims to find some possible VR contents based on the petroglyphs text. The review on the Ulsan petroglyph museum which is the first and the only petroglyph museum in Korea was the first step. Some limitation and problems were found in the current contents which could be overcome by using VR technology. The next step was the overall review of VR system and devices, and then I analyzed five cases of VR contents which specifically applied to the cultural heritages. Based on the analysis of case studies I propose some possible VR contents more immersive and interactive covered with whole range of petroglyphs context, environmental, social, cultural, technical and artistic.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2014

Petroglyphs is an essential part of the worldwide cultural heritage since it plays a key role for the comprehension of prehistoric communities previous to writing. nowadays 3D data are a critical component to permanently record the form of important cultural heritage so that they might be passed down to future generations. Recent 3D scanning technologies allow the generation of very realistic 3D model that can be used for multimedia museum exhibitions to attract the users into the 3D world. In this paper, we develop the 3D petroglyph VR contents based on a novel gesture recognition method. The proposed gesture recognition method can recognizes the movements of the user using 3D depth sensor by comparing with the pre-defined movements. Also this paper presents new approaches for 3D petroglyphs data recording using 3D scanning technology as accurate and non-destructive tools.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.105-121
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• 2020

There has been a lot of controversy over the claim that ancient characters were engraved on a stone plane collected near the Samsin Mountain in Hadong-gun, and that it was used as an altar based on the contents on the stone. The importance of the role of geoscience in prehistoric petroglyph research was presented through analysis and comparison with representative domestic petroglyphs. First, by examining the geological formation process of the collected stone objects, it proved that prehistoric actions were not applied. Second, as a result of comparative analysis from the viewpoints of human geography and topography with representative petroglyphs in Korea, it is unreasonable to argue that the stone was made for an altar. Third, it is considered that among the ancient characters under debate, the straight line indicates a cleavage of carbonate minerals, and the curved shape results from the growth of lichens. Finally, we propose that reproducing the lines found on the stone was impossible by using ancient techniques, and that there was no trace of any artificial actions applied to the spots considered to be curved characters. As shown in such research cases, the results of petroglyph research will have high reliability, if research by experts in each field continues after the geoscientific basis is secured. In this respect, the contribution of Earth science to cultural assets and archeology is expected to increase in the future.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.347-361
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• 2009

The Pohang Chilpori is the area with abundant petroglyphs in Korea. The form of the shield, female sex organs, and yut board on the outcrops or float rocks which are composed of the rhyolitic rock are engraved on Chilpori and Shinheungri Petroglyphs. The rhyolitic rock is composed of the phenocryst and groundmass with quartz and feldspar. The rock surface shows mostly yellowish brown color and the rock surface is very irregular by serious weathering, and illite and kaolinite, a kind of the clay minerals, are produced. Deterioration aspects are mainly of surface exfoliation, grain peel-off, damages, scribbling. Chilpori Petroglyph (1) plane has been eroded by running water, in (2) plane has been abrased is on the rock surface, in (3) plane shows surface exfoliation and the various part of the rock surface in plane (4) has become the soil. The corrasion and black phenomenon of the Shinheungri Petroglyph (1) plane was formed by running water, and surface exfoliation and scribbling in plane (2) is serious. Deterioration factors are geomorphologic states, plants, rock of weak to weathering, and artificial influence such as a scribbling and a forest fire. For conservation of the these petroglyphs, study for rock surface conservation and the arrangement of around petroglyphs and construction of water wall are necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.2
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• pp.135-149
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• 2014

This study attempts to adapt and develop Korean prehistoric petroglyphs into textile design for children. For this purpose, literature review was conducted to understand the plasticity and symbolism expressed in Korean prehistoric petroglyphs. Also this study conducted textile design development as follows: First, the figures and faces in petroglyphs were selected because children can easily recognize them. Second, two groups of different ages (7-9 and 10-13) were allowed to freely draw the selected motifs. Third, some of the motifs created by the children were selected that show children's individuality and also keep the features of the original motifs. The children's motifs were developed into textile design using Texpro and Photoshop. Then digital textile printing and 3D mapping program were used to make pajamas (5 types), umbrellas (3 types), and simulate bedding sets (2 types) for children. This research's results are as follows: First, petroglyphs are symbolic language of human's oldest art form, and related to religious and mythical belief. Korean petroglyphs have plasticity showing the development steps in technique and expression, with various shapes such as animals, human figures, faces, masks and abstract figures. Third, children showed their interests in various human figures and faces of the petroglyphs, and it was easy to draw those motifs in their own way. Fourth, 10 design motifs were selected from the children's work and used to create textiles considering materials and colors for children. Total 10 items were made and presented. This study confirmed the usefulness of applying prehistoric petroglyphs to children's textiles designs. These designs may grow as a kind of cultural product for children who know about and like petroglyphs. They can be a niche market items too, made to order for children with individuality and who favor originality.