• Title/Summary/Keyword: Phosphorus Removal

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The Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal of UNR Process Using Sludge Carbon Source (슬러지 탄소원을 주입한 UNR공정의 동절기 질소, 인 처리효율)

  • Kim Young Gyu;Kim In Bae
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.93-97
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    • 2002
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate on the removal effect of total nitrogen and phosphorus with municipal wastewater in ultrasonic nutrient removal (UNR) process using ultrasonic sludge carbon source. The removal efficiency for total nitrogen was 44.2% at biological nutrient removal (BNR) process, 50.8% at UNR process. The removal efficiency for total phosphorus was 45.6% at BNR process, 46.2% at UNR process. The removal of nitrogen was effectively influenced by ultrasonic sludge carbon source.

Phosphorus Removal from Domestic Sewage by Electrolysis with Aluminium Electrodes (알루미늄의 전기분해를 이용한 오수 중의 인 제거)

  • Cheong, Kyung-Hoon;Choi, Hyung-Il;Jung, Oh-Jin
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.70-76
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    • 1999
  • A laboratory experiment was performed to investigate the phosphorus removal using the activated sludge-electrolysis reactor which consisted of A$^2$/O system and aluminium electrodes as cathode and anode. In this system, the phosphorus was removed by aluminium ion, which was eluted from aluminiumelectrodes by electrolysis. In the batch experiments, when the current densities were 0.026, 0.052 and 0.08 A/dm$^2$, the phosphorus removal efficiencies for synthetic sewage were 66.4, 86.4 and 98.7% respectively. These results showed that the phosphorus removal efficiency increased with the increase of the current density. When the current values were 13, 26 and 40 mA respectively, the amounts of Al$^{3+}$ eluted from electrodes according to Faraday's law were 0.049, 0.07 and 0.12 g and Al/P mole ratio were 1.1, 2.0 and 3.41. In the continuous experiments, As hydraulic retention time(HRT) increased, COD and total nitrogen(T-N) removal efficiencies for domestic sewage increased. The average phosphorus removal rates of the activated sludge-electrolysis system were 97, 91, 80 and 80% at the HRT of 48, 24, 18 and 12 hours, respectively. Especially, the phosphorus removal rate in the activated sludge system with aluminium electrodes was higher than that in the system without aluminium electrodes.

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Evaluation of effect of rapid mixing intensity on chemical phosphorus removal using Al hydrolysis speciation (가수분해 산물 분포를 이용한 급속혼화강도가 화학적 인 제거 효율에 미치는 영향의 규명)

  • Kim, Seung-Hyun;Yoon, Dong-Soo;Moon, Byung-Hyun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.367-373
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    • 2011
  • Mechanism of rapid mixing effect on chemical phosphorus removal is evaluated in this study. Assuming that chemical phosphorus removal is unaffected by mixing time, only rapid mixing intensity is evaluated. In order to find out the mechanism, it is hypothesized that rapid mixing affects the Al hydrolysis speciation, and that formation of more monomeric species ($Al^a$) results in better removal of phosphorus. According to a ferron assay, more $Al^a$ formed at higher mixing intensity than at lower intensity. Subsequent experiments revealed that better phosphorus removal was obtained at higher intensity than at lower intensity, in terms of the molar ratio of $Al_{added}/P_{removed}$. The proposed hypothesis was proved in this study. Chemical phosphorus removal is affected by rapid mixing intensity due to its effect on the Al hydrolysis speciation.

Phosphorus Removal by Aluminium Ion Generated with the Pitting Corrosion of Aluminium (알루미늄의 부식으로 발생한 알루미늄 이온에 의한 인 제거)

  • Cheong Kyung-Hoon;Jung Oh-Jin
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.8 no.6
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    • pp.705-710
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    • 1999
  • The fundamental experiments on the phosphorus removal from water were carried out by the batch and continuous reactors which used aluminium and copper plate. In this systems, the phosphorus was removed by aluminium ion generated with the electrochemical interaction (pitting corrosion) of aluminium and copper. In the batch experiments, the efficiencies of phosphorus removal increased when the surfaces of aluminium and copper plate were brushed. The phosphorus removal by aluminium ion was affected the copper plate and NaCI in this system. The optimal pH values were 5 and 6 for the phosphorus removal. The efficiency of phosphorus removal increased with increasing NaCI concentration, surface area of aluminium and copper plate. The $CUSO_4{\cdot}5H_2O$ instead of copper plate could be used as Cu source. The effluent $PO_4-P$ concentration as low as 2 $mg/{\ell}$ could have been obtained during the continuous experiment at HRT of 48 hrs.

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Optimum Condition for Fluoride Removal Prior to the Application of Struvite Crystallization in Treating Semiconductor Wastewater (Struvite 결정화를 이용한 반도체 폐수처리 시 불소제거를 위한 최적 조건)

  • An, Myeong Ki;Woo, Gwi Nam;Kim, Jin Hyung;Kang, Min Koo;Ryu, Hong Duck;Lee, Sang-Ill
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.916-921
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    • 2009
  • This study was aimed to both enhance the fluoride removal and to reduce the phosphorus removal in treating semiconductor wastewater using $Ca(OH)_2$ at low pH so as to facilitate struvite crystallization reaction. The struvite crystallization could be introduced after fluoride removal by retaining the phosphorus source. As the results, the method applied in this study achieved high fluoride removal efficiency (about 91%) with retardation of phosphorus removal at pH 4, compared to conventional methods where the removal of fluoride and phosphorus were done at pH 11. Therefore, the fluoride removal at low pH would contribute to the enhancement of nitrogen and phosphorus removals in a consecutive struvite crystallization reactor. Treatment of semiconductor wastewater at low pH using $Ca(OH)_2$ also had lower (about 20%) water content of precipitated sludge compared to conventional method. As the molar ratio of Ca to F increased the removal efficiencies of fluoride and phosphorus increased. Although the amount of seed dosage didn't affect the removal of fluoride and phosphorus, its increase reduced the water content of precipitated matter. Finally, considering consecutive struvite reaction, the optimum condition for the removal of fluoride and phosphorus was as follow: pH: 4, the molar ratio of Ca:F: 1:1.

A Study on the Removal of Phosphorus in the Lake (호수내의 인 제거에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Kyoungtae;Kang, Seon-Hong
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.59-66
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    • 1998
  • The feasibility of usage of sludge from water treatment plant and chalk from schools and institutes was investigated to remove the phosphorus in the lakes which induce the eutrophication every year. In this study phosphorus removal efficiencies of sludge and chalk were investigated by changing various factors. Higher phosphorus removal efficiency using larger particle size of chalk was observed which means that the surface area is not an important factor in removing phosphorus in aqueous phase. The proper shaking time and temperature were 2 hours and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively. The removal efficiency using sludge from water treatment plant was almost 100%, which is similar to those of CaO and $Ca(OH)_2$. It means that sludge can be reused in removing phosphorus. It was also found that chalk was better in removing phosphorus under alkaline condition and sludge was better under acidic condition. About 75% phosphorus removal efficiency was observed using sludge from the water sample in Lake Sihwa.

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Effects of mixing/aeration ratio and SRT on nutrient removal in SBR process (연속회분식반응조 공정에서 교반/폭기비와 SRT가 영양염류제거에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeon, Seok-Jun;Kim, Han-Soo
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.291-301
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    • 2002
  • In this study, nutrients treatment by sequencing batch reactors(SBR) was performed. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies were evaluated by changing SRT and mixing/aeration ratio. Not only nitrogen but also phosphorus removal patterns were investigated through track studies on 1 cycle. As SRT was fixed and mixing/aeration ratio was changed, maximum nitrogen removal efficiency was 87.6% at mixing/aeration ratio 0.67. Phosphorus removal efficiencies were more than 85.5% except no mixing condition. As mixing/aeration ratio was fixed and SRT was changed, nitrogen removal efficiencies were 70.5~79.8%, which represented slight changes, while phosphorus removal efficiencies were 49.0~97.3%, which represented sharply decreasing tendency at less than 20 day. Both phosphorus release rate k and maximum phosphorus release rate $P_{max}/M$ were are decreased as SRT was decreased, but they were not affected by mixing/aeration ratio. It was found that there is a linear relationship between ortho-phosphate uptake and maximum ortho-phosphate release.

Optimization for Phosphorus Remove by Loess Ball Using Chromobacterium (Chromobacterium을 이용한 황토볼에 의한 인산 제거를 위한 최적화)

  • Choi Du Bok;Lee Choon-Boem;Cha Wol-Suk
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.15 no.4 s.71
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    • pp.584-589
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    • 2005
  • To investigate factors affecting the removal of phosphorus from the practical wastewater in the F-STEP PROCESS using a loess ball and Chromobacterium WS 2-14, first, the loess ball size and calcining temperature, initial pH, initial phosphorus concentration, working temperature, and aeration were studied. A $2\~4mm$ of loess ball made at $960^{\circ}C$ of calcining temperature was the most suitable one for the removal of phosphorus. When the initial pH was increased from 3.0 to 6.0, the removal efficiency of phosphorus was increased. Especially, at 6.0 of initial pH, the maximum removal efficiency of phosphorus was $88.7\%$. The maximum removal efficiency of phosphorous was gained, 1.8mg/h when the initial concentration of phosphorous was 5.0mg/1. When the operating temperature was $30^{\circ}C$, the maximum removal efficiency of phosphorus was obtained. In the case of aeration, when it was increased from 0.5 to 5.0L/min, the removal efficiency of phosphorus was increased. On the other hand, above 7.0 L/min, the removal efficiency of phosphorus did not increased. Using the optimum operation conditions, pilot tests for the effective removal efficiency of phosphorus were carried out for 65 days. The average removal efficiency of phosphorus was $92.0\%$. The average removal efficiency of COD, BOD, and SS were 77.1, 74.2, and $86.4\%$, respectively. from the results, it can be concluded that F-STEP PROCESS using loess ball might be useful process for phosphorus removal.

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal Characteristics by the Variation of Aeration Time in SBR (SBR에서 포기기간 변경에 따른 질소.인 제거 특성)

  • Kim, Dong-Seog;Park, Young-Seek
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.35 no.2
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    • pp.116-123
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    • 2009
  • Laboratory scale experiments were conducted to investigate the removal characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus by the variation of aeration time in four sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). In R1 which has the shortest aeration time as 1 h, MLVSS concentration in reactor decreased by the wash-out of biomass because of the poor sedimentation. The TOC removal efficiencies were almost similar in 3 reactors except R1. At the low aeration time as 1 h, the nitrification was severely inhibited by the deficiency of oxygen. ${NH_4}^+$-N removal efficiency was decreased by the decrease of aeration time. At the aeration time over 2 h, the phosphorus removal efficiency was not affected by the variation of aeration time. The nitrification was inhibited but the phosphorus release and uptake was not inhibited by the decrease of low aeration time. Therefore, we can see that the phosphorus removal microorganisms are superior to nitrification microorganisms in oxygen utilization.

A Study on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal in FNR Process (FNR process를 이용한 하수처리장의 질소.인의 제거에 관한 연구)

  • Cho Il-Hyoung;Lee Nae-Hyun;Lee Seung-Mok;Kim Young-Kyu
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.571-577
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    • 2006
  • This study make a comparison between the phosphorus removal performance of FNR(Ferrous Nutrient Removal) process and A/O process by the laboratory experiments. For simultaneous removal of phosphorus, iron electrolysis was combined with oxic tank. Iron precipitation reactor on the electrochemical behaviors of phosphorus in the iron bed. The phosphorus removal in FNR process was more than A/O process. Iron salts produced by iron electrolysis might help to remove COD and nitrogen. And the demanded longer SRT is the more removes the removes COD, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Also, FNR process of sludge quantity more reduce than A/O process to input cohesive agents.