• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.331-339
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of patient's psycological distress on social support in the view of patient's regulatory focus. Methods : For this study 300 questionnaires were distributed to medical institution, Busan from July 19 through August 4, 2010. The contents item divided the general characteristics, social support, psychological distress, and regulatory focus. The collected data were analyzed by t-test and multi-regression analysis. Results : The results show that patient's psychological distress is significantly influenced by physical therapist's emotional support and informational support. Also, there were difference with the effect of psychological distress on social supports in the physical therapists according to patient's regulatory focus. Conclusion : The instrumental support is more important to patient with promotion-focus than patient with prevention-focus. The implication of this research confirmed that physical therapist's social support plays important role in decreasing patient's psychological distress.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.85-97
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• 2001

This study examined the effects of mother's support and peer acceptance on children's domain specific self-esteem and the moderating effects of best friend's support. The subjects were 272 $4^{th}$ and 349 $8^{th}$ grader in Chin-ju. Data were analyzed by the SAS/PC+ program, including Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression and two-way ANOVA. Findings were that peer acceptance had a higher influence on academic-general self, peer-related self, physical-appearance self, personality self and physical-competence self than did mother's support. Mother's support had a higher influence on home self than did peer acceptance. Best friend's support and mother's support interacted with children's physical-appearance self and physical-competence self. Best friend's support and peer acceptance interacted with student's peer-related self.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.267-279
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• 2001

The object of this study is to provide the basic data for the caring of parents by understanding emotional status, physical status, and family support of parents with cardiac disease children. The subjects of this study were consisted of 105 parents of cardiac disease children admitted at 'G' hospital in Inchon, and 'S' hospital in Puchon. The data were collected from November 6 to December 21, 2000. Four instruments were used to collect the data : Spielberger's STIS, Cornell Medical Index(CMI), Yang's stress scale, and Moos's Family Environment Scale Form R, the latter 3 are modified by researcher. The collected data were tested using frequencies, percentiles, means, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient with SPSSWIN program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There were statistically significant differences in degree of anxiety on age, number of children, and children's order of birth. 2. There was a statistically significant difference in degree of physical status on presence of the other patient in family. 3. There were not statistically significant differences in degree of stress and family support on demographic factors. 4. There were positive correlations between physical status and family support, and between anxiety and stress, but negative correlations between family support and stress, between anxiety and family support, between anxiety and physical status, and between stress and physical status.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.66-73
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• 2004

This study examined the relation among perceived family support, depression and physical health status in Korean elderly. Participants were three hundred elders attending the house for elderly (NoInGyong) located in kwanak-gu and other 14 gu in Seoul Korea. Data were collected using structured questionnaire via clustered random sampling. The instruments used for this study were the simplified depression scale for elderly designed by Sheikh & Yesavage, the family support scale developed by Choi Young Hee, and the physical health status developed by Choi Young Hee & Jung Seng En. Data analysis included: percentage, average, SD, t-test, ANOVA, & Pearson correlation coefficiency. Participants in this study represented low level of family support but high level of physical health status and depression. There was a significant negative relation between family support and depression(r=-.755, P=.001). There was a significant relation between family support and physical health(r=.329, P=.001). There was a significant negative relation between depression and physical health status(r=-.515, P=.001). Nursing implications were suggested.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.48-62
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to identify the mediating effects of social support and self-efficacy between academic stress and college adjustment in physical therapy students. Design: Survey. Methods: 75 subjects were surveyed about the level of academic, Academic Stress, College Adjustment, Social Support, Self-Efficacy, and self-control. To confirm the cognitive function on brain activity were evaluated. Results: First, College students have higher academic stress and lower college adjustment. Higher social support and self-efficacy have lower academic stress and better college adjustment. Second, students with high academic stress need constant attention to increase their social support and programs to reduce academic stress. Third, students with high academic stress, low social support, and low self-efficacy can increase their cognitive strength through the brain wave thereby reducing the academic stress they are currently feeling. Conclusion: In order to improve the College Adjustment, it is considered that it is important to increase the cognitive function through brain train along with the development of a student management program that can reduce academic stress and increase social support and self-efficacy.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.29-35
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• 2003

Body weight support treadmill training is a new and promising therapy in gait rehabilitation of patients with hemiplegia. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of body weight support treadmill training on gait and standing balance in patients with hemiplegia. Eighteen patients with hemiplegia participated in the study. A 10 m-timed walk test, measurements of step length and standing balance score were administered. Intervention consisted of body weight support treadmill training five times a week for 2 weeks. The data were analyzed by paired t-test. Body weight support treadmill training scoring of standing balance, step length and 10 m-timed walk test showed a definite improvement. Body weight support treadmill training offers the advantages of task-oriented training with numerous repetitions of a supervised gait pattern. The outcomes suggest that patients with hemiplegia can improve their gait ability and standing balance through body weight support treadmill training.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.243-252
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of anxiety, depression, social support, and physical health status on the health-related quality of life of Korean pregnant women using Spilker's quality of life model. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a correlational design. The participants included 166 pregnant women who were recruited via convenience sampling at two healthcare centers in South Korea. Questionnaires were collected from April 22 to May 29, 2023, in two cities in South Korea. The EuroQol-5D-3L, General Anxiety Disorder-7, Patient Health Questionnaire-2, Perceived Social Support through Others Scale-8, and EuroQol visual analog scale were used to assess the study variables. The t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression tests were conducted using IBM SPSS ver. 26.0. Results: Statistically significant correlations were identified between the health-related quality of life of pregnant women and anxiety (r=.29, p<.001), depression (r=.31, p<.001), social support (r=-.34, p<.001), and physical health status (r=-.44, p<. 001). Physical health status (β=-.31, p<.001) and social support (β=-.21, p=.003) had the greatest effect on health-related quality of life (F=15.50, p<.001), with an explanatory power of 26.0%. Conclusion: The health-related quality of life of pregnant women was affected by social support and physical health status. This study demonstrated that physical health and social support promotion can improve the health-related quality of life of pregnant women. Healthcare providers should consider integrating physical health into social support interventions for pregnant women in the post-pandemic era.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.63-89
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• 1996

This study has been done for the purpose of determining whether the positive association between social support and depression is attributable to an overall beneficial effect of support(direct effect) or to a process of support protecting persons from adverse effects of stressors such as life events, pain or physical disability (buffering effect). The sample consisted of 214 patients who were identified as the rheumatoid arthritis. The instruments used in this study were Depression Scale(CES-D), Perceived Social Support Scale, Life Events Questionnaire, AIMS Pain Scale, and Physical Disability Scale. The data were analysed by the use of t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Multiple Regression. The results of this study are summerized as follows : 1. The 1st hypothesis, "The higher the life events degree, the higher the depression degree" was supported(r=.49, P=.0001). 2. The 2nd hypothesis, "The higher the pain degree, the higher the depression degree" was supported(r=.44, P=.0001). 3. The 3rd hypothesis, "The higher the physical disability degree, the higher the depression degree" was supported (r=.46, P=.0001). 4. The 4th hypothesis, "The higher the social support degree, the lower the depression degree" was supported(F=84.52, P=.0001). 5. The 5th hypothesis, "There will be different in the relationship between the degrees of life events and depression according to social support degree" was rejected (F=.29, P=.5928). 6. The 6th hypothesis, "There will be different in the relationship between the degrees of pain and depression according to social support degree" was supported (F=3.19, P=.0755). 7. The 7th hypothesis, "There will be different in the relationship between the degrees of physical disability and depression according to social support degree" was supported(F=5.69, P=.018). 8. The predictive variables for depression were the degrees for social support, life events, pain, and physical disability. 9. The depression degree showed a inverse correlation with social support degree (r=-.56, p=.0001). The social support degree showed a inverse correlation with the degrees of life events(r=-.22, p=.0007), pain(r=-.18, p=.0069) and physical disability(r=-.15, p=.0293). 10. The depression degree showed significant differences in the variables of sex (t=2.26, p=.025), educational level(r=.189, P=.006) and the number of treatment method (r=.201, P=.003). In conclusion, it was found that social support had the direct effect on depression and the buffering effect in each relationship between degrees of pain or physical disability and depression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. So the researcher thinks that it is effective that nurses should provide these patients with social support to reduce depression in cases of having severe pain or physical disability.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.137-144
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• 2007

Objectives : According to Rowe and Kahn (1998), successful aging is the combination of a low probability of disease, high functioning, and active engagement with life. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between active engagement with life and functioning among the community-dwelling elderly. Methods : Data were collected from Wave 2 of the Suwon Longitudinal Aging Study (SLAS), consisting of a sample of 645 persons aged 65 and older living in the community. A social activity checklist and social support inventory were used as measures of engagement with life, along with the Physical Functioning (PF) scale as a measure of functioning. The effects of social support and social activity on physical functioning, taking into account the covariates, were analyzed by hierarchical linear regression analysis. Results : Maintenance of social activity and social support were significantly associated with higher physical function, after adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related covariates. Social support appeared to be more prominent than social activity in predicting physical functioning. Conclusions : Social support and social activity are potentially modifiable factors associated with physical function in older persons. Studies examining the role social engagement may play in preventing disability are warranted.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2024

Background: Using wearable passive back-support exoskeletons in workplace has attracted attention as devices that support the posture of workers, enhance their physical capabilities, and reduce physical risk factors. Objects: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a wearable passive back-support exoskeleton on the activity of the erector spinae muscles during lifting tasks at various heights. Methods: Twenty healthy adult males were selected as subjects. Electromyography (EMG) was used to assess the activity of the erector spinae muscles while performing lifting tasks at three distinct heights (30, 40, and 50 cm), with and without the application of the Wearable Passive Back Support Exoskeleton. EMG data were gathered before and after the application of the orthosis. Results: The use of the Wearable Passive Back Support Exoskeleton resulted in a significant decrease in muscle activity when lifting a 10 kg object from heights of 30 and 40 cm (p < 0.05). Additionally, there was a significant reduction in muscle activity when lifting from a height of 50 cm compared with that at lower heights (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The use of a wearable passive back-support exoskeleton led to a decrease in the activity of the erector spinae muscles during lifting tasks, irrespective of the object's height. Our results suggest that the orthosis we tested may help decrease risk of lower back injuries during lifting.