• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.906-914
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• 1996

Due to the various reason, sealing of pit & fissure might be imperfect. One of these reason can be the fracture of sealant material because of the low hardness value of sealing material. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the microhardness of two different curing type pit and fissure sealants: Dual-cure and Light-cure. The result from the present study can be summarized as follows: 1. All pit and fissure sealants that used in this study showed statistically significant difference in their microhardness of upper and lower surface. (P <0.05) 2. Except of lower surface of teethmate, microhardness of 40-second curing sealant was statistically higher than that of 20-second curing sealant. (P <0.05) 3. In comparison of sealants, microhardness of dual-cure sealant was statistically higher than that of light-cure sealant. Above results suggest that the use of dual-cure sealant and longer curing time are recommended.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the cumulative dental caries rate of pit and fissure sealant in community public health program from 2005 to 2008 follow-up. Methods: The subjects were 4,768 students of 34 elementary schools in Gimcheon. The survey included direct oral examination and cumulative retention rate of pit and fissure sealant from 2005 to 2008. Data were analyzed using PASW statistical package version 18.0 and the level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The cumulative retention rate of sealant was 18%, 25%, and 33% after 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years, respectively. In addition, the cumulative retention rate of lower teeth was higher than that of upper teeth. Cumulative dental caries rate increased in sealed group and no sealed group. The cumulative dental caries rate decreased owing to tooth brushing frequency in sealed group and no sealed group. Conclusions: Regular and timely tooth brushing can maintain good oral health condition after tooth sealing. The school based oral health education can prevent loss of sealant and secondary caries.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.469-474
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the satisfaction level of parents with elementary school students in some metropolitan areas with the pit and fissure sealing program in a bid to raise awareness of the importance of the preventive treatment and accelerate the spread of it. The subjects in this study were 231 parents who had school children and resided in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province. After a self-administered survey was conducted in October and November 2008, the collected data were analyzed. The findings of the study were as follows; 1. As to places for receiving the preventive treatment, 111 respondents (48.1%) experienced pit and fissure sealing in dental clinics, and 88 respondents(38.1%) did that in dental hospitals. 177 people(76.6%) received that treatment from dentists, and 16 respondents(11.3%) did that from dental hygienists. 2. Concerning whether to be for or against the pit and fissure sealing program, more than half that numbered 143(61.9%) supported that program, and 88 respondents(38.1%) didn't. As for satisfaction level, they expressed the biggest satisfaction with the preventive effect of that treatment($3.92{\pm}.85$), and were least satisfied with the cost($1.91{\pm}.86$). 3. Regarding links between general characteristics and satisfaction level, they were statistically significantly different in satisfaction level with the cost according to residential area and the number of child, and age made a statistically significant difference to their satisfaction level with the preventive effect of it. 4. As for relationship between warranty term and whether to be for the pit and fissure sealing program or not, 45(31.5%) out of those who supported the program were provided with no warranty, and 32(36.4%) out of those who took a stand against it were provided with no warranty, either. Warranty was provided to 12(8.4%) respondents of the former group without a fixed term, but that's not the case for any of the latter. The warranty term made statistically significant differences to their agreement or disagreement to the program(p<0.05).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.654-661
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate treatment tendency and dental caries occurrence after receiving insurance coverage for pit and fissure sealing. Data were obtained from statements for insurance payments received by the Daejeon branch health insurance review and assessment service from December 2009 until December 31 2014. As to the Pit and Fissure Sealing current state by year, there was most a lot of the number of examinee and the treatment number of teeth in 2010. The per capita average treatment number of teeth was highest (3.39) in 2013. As to the result that it analyze the first molar Pit and Fissure Sealing in 2010 according to the general feature, man was high than the woman, it showed up by age in the age of 7 most highly, and the summer was the highest among by season. The upper jaw left first molar was the most common location, although the upper jaw on the right side first molar, lower jaw right side first molar, and lower jaw left first molar were also affected. In 2010, the procedure was conducted more in the upper jaw right side first molar and enforces the recharge since 2011 to 2014, men were treated more than women, the recharge which is the most abundant in the age of 7 was performed by age, and the procedure was performed more during summer than in other seasons. It is forecasted that at August, 2015 most high demand shows according to the result that it predicts the tooth treatment number until December 2015 based upon the treatment number of teeth from December 2009 until November 2014 and be reduced in comparison with the year 2014. Thus, tooth brushing alone is not sufficient to prevent dental caries. Indeed, conducting pit and fissure sealing in infants and toddlers, as well as elementary middle and high school oral health centers is expected to be effective at preventing dental caries.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.22-32
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• 2011

This paper reviewed the following subheadings and a few selected references in each section were discussed: ${\cdot}$ Sealant placed over caries; is it possible? Initial caries which is not sticky during proving is possible to be placed with sealants. ${\cdot}$ Prophylaxis of fissure; which method is most effective? Mechanical preparation with fissurotomy or resin polishing bur is one of the most effective method to clean the pit and fissure. ${\cdot}$ Glassionomer cement as a sealant; GIC, wheather it released fluoride or not, cannot be as cost-effective as resin-based sealants. ${\cdot}$ Sealant products; Color(white vs opaque), fluoride(containing vs not), filler component(filled vs non-filled) do not influenced the quality and retention of sealants. ${\cdot}$ Use of intermediate bonding agent to improve retention; Intermediate bonding may increase the retention rate of sealants ${\cdot}$ Penetration method of sealants; Several methods including waiting before light curing are recommended.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.31-39
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• 2007

This purpose of this study was to provide the basic data for preventing dental caries, and maintaining and enhancing Oral health education. The subject of this study through the survey of the recognition of Oral health education, a questionnaire survey and dental experience and Pit and fissure sealant status was conducted for 334 male and female students who were in the 4th, 5th, 6th grade of elementary school in Ulsan city. Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS 11.5 with t-test, ANOVA and correlation. The obtained results were as follows 1. Experience caries on permanent teeth was male score of 58.0% and female score of 42.0% and an everage score of 52.7% very low. 2. The students who were in the 4th, 5th, 6th grade of elementary school Experience caries on permanent teeth is grad higher(p=0.000). Pit and fissure sealant of teeth number and teeth surface status by grad higher(pE0.016, p=0.000). 3. Oral health knowledge and behavior is significantly related to status(p=0.001), behavior and Daily tooth brushing frequency was significantly related to status(p=0.000). But experience caries on permanent teeth and Oral health knowledge and behavior beween wasn't significantly related to status.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.99-105
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• 2007

In clinical practice, air bubbles trapped in the pit and fissure may increase early loss of sealing materials for fracture, wear and microleakage. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the bubble behavior of pit and fissure sealant. The 140 replicas made of epoxy resin were used to this experiment. Following conditioning, light-polymerized sealants were applied and then exposed to the light source. After stereoscopic examination of standarized specimen by grinding, bubble behavior was analysed. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Ultraseal $XT^{(R)}$ plus grops irrespective of using time were higher than groups of $Helioseal^{(R)}$ with clinpro tip and metal tip in the frequency of bubble(p<0.05), 2. Ultraseal $XT^{(R)}$ plus old group was more than $Clinpro^{(R)}$, Teethmate $F-l^{(R)}$ and $Helioseal^{(R)}$ with brush tip in the number of bubble under 200 magnified cross section(p<0.05). 3. The widest mean area of bubble was shown in the Teethmate $F-1^{(R)}$. 4. No statistically significant difference of the frequency and the site of bubble between $Clinpro^{(R)}$ and $Helioseal^{(R)}$ groups(p>0.05).

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.147-157
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to assess how mothers' oral health cognition influence on dental caries status of their children. The 194 children and their mothers were selected for this study. The children were 5, 6, 7 years old in the three day care centers in Ulsan, Korea. Date were collected by oral examination on children and self-administrated questionnaire on their mothers. The questionnaire was surveyed mothers' cognition of oral health and their socio-demographic characteristics. The findings of this study were summarized as follows: 1. The higher mother's income, the lower infant's dental caries, there was significant relation. 2. There were no significant relationship between dental caries preventive cogniton, infant's preventive treatment, between-meals intake and infant's dental caries. 3. There was significant relationship between morther's toothbrushing frequency and infant's dental caries.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.90-97
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of fissurotomy on the penetration and microleakage of flowable resins for carious fissures. A total of 250 extracted premolars with early fissure caries were selected and divided into five groups according to the fissurotomy; no fissurotomy (n = 50), fissurotomy with $Fissurotomy^{(R)}$ original bur (n = 50), fissurotomy with $Fissurotomy^{(R)}$ Miro NTF bur (n = 50), fissurotomy with SF104R tapered diamond bur (n = 50), fissurotomy with 1/2 round carbide bur (n = 50). Two types of flowable resins ($UniFil^{(R)}Flow$, $Filtek^{(R)}Flow$) were used as sealing materials. All samples were sectioned and observed using a stereoscopic microscope after thermocycling and immersing in methylene blue solution. The adaptation of flowable resin to the fissure wall was observed using scanning electron microscopy. The penetration of flowable resin into the carious fissure was significantly increased by fissurotomy, which also decreased microleakage. Fissure preparation using different burs showed a significantly different in penetration, but did not show any difference in microleakage. $Unifil^{(R)}Flow$ showed better penetration than $Filtek^{(R)}Flow$, but there was no significant difference in microleakage. Fissurotomy can be used to increase the penetration of flowable resin into carious fissures and decrease microleakage.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.106-121
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of suggested etching method on the performance of pits and fissures sealant. In the first part, seventy extracted sound human permanent third molars and premolars were used. The teeth were randomly divided and performed in three different groups as follows : conventional etching, enameloplasty, and testing group. Non-pumicing, dye-guidance vigorous brushing-start etching technique was applied on the occlusal of testing group. Then the pit and fissure sealant was applied on all of the specimens. After the thermocycling and immersing in 1% methylene blue, the resin embedded sections were made. The microleakage data on the section were then recorded under the stereoscope and statistic analysis was done. Additional experiments were also performed : direct fissure surface etched pattern experiment, replica study, and micro-shear bond strength testing observation. The second part included two groups. A paired study was designed to evaluate the influence the environment has on the performance of the sealant. After etching, half of each occlusal surface received one of the two following treatments in succession: sealing in laboratory and intraoral condition (group 1), sealing in intraoral condition with and without a single-bonding agent (group 2). The results of present study can be summarized as follows: - The microleakage of testing group was significant different with conventional method (P<.05) and was not different with the enameloplasty group (P>.05). - The quality and quantity of etched enamel were improved. - Microshear bond strength of testing group was higher than control group (p<.05). - The environmental condition was influenced on the performance of the sealant. The testing etching method modified the capacity of the etching agent to penetrate into the pits and fissures, and simultaneous enhance their efficiency in vitro condition.