• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.581-587
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• 2007

In order to suggest the methodology for improving the equality of flow distribution in a distribution channel, wet tests were carried out for pilot plant which was scaled down to 1/8 of full scale distribution channel being operated in domestic K_water treatment plant. The correlation between various hydraulic variables and their effects on the equality of flow distribution was evaluated through wet tests using pilot plant. From the results of wet tests, the longitudinal baffle with orifices was installed in the distribution channel, the equality of flow distribution was improved on the condition that the Froude number in pilot plant was similar with that in the full scale channel. Also, the opening ratio of the orifices on the longitudinal baffled did not have influence on the performance of the equality of flow distribution when the average flow velocity and Froud number were relatively low (Froude number ${\fallingdotseq} 0.01$). In the other hand, the performance of the equality of flow distribution was improved with increasing the opening ration of on the longitudinal baffle under conditions of relatively high average flow velocity and high Froud number(${\gtrsim}0.1$)

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.149-153
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• 2022

The degree distribution of the plant-pollinator network was identified by analyzing the data in the ecosystem and reproduced by a model of the growing bipartite mutualistic networks. The degree distribution of pollinator shows power law or stretched exponential distribution, while plant usually shows stretched exponential distribution. In the growth model, the plant and the pollinator are selected with probability P_p and P_A=1-P_p, respectively. The number of incoming links for the plant and the pollinator is l_p and l_A, respectively. The probability that the link of the plant selects the pollinator of the existing network given as $A_{k_i}=k^{{\lambda}_A}_i/{\sum}_i\;k^{{\lambda}_A}_i$, and the probability that the pollinator selects the plant is $P_{k_i}=k^{{\lambda}_p}_i/{\sum}_i\;k^{{\lambda}_p}_i$. When the nonlinear growth index is 𝛌_X=1 (X=A or P), the degree distribution follows a power law, and if 0≤𝛌_X<1, the degree distribution follows a stretched exponential distribution. The cumulative degree distributions of plants and pollinators of 14 empirical plant-pollinators included in Interaction Web Database were calculated. A set of parameters (P_A,P_P,l_A,l_P) that reproduces these cumulative degree distributions and a growth index 𝛌_X (X=A or P) were obtained. We found that animal takes very heterogenous connections, whereas plant takes a more flexible connection network.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.21 no.5_2
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• pp.491-499
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• 1998

An investigation was performed to establish the mathematical theories of a vibration for the plant growth and a wave distribution of a plant population on the boundary condition of a limiting factor in the environment. The mathematical theories of the plant growth vibration and wave distribution had been elucidated by the plant growth and the timber line on the middle slope of the west side of Mt. Paektu. The Betula ermaruii composes the timber line on about 2,060 m elevation of sea label, has a growth vibration on the ground surface and takes a wave distribution due to a boundary condition of alpine temperature gradient.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

The aim of this study was to generate systemic data for the aquatic plant distribution according to water depth and crossing slope in the shoreline. The results of this study were as follows; 1. Anxiety to 0 near area Bidens frondosa, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Carex dispalata etc. total class 21 observe, and Phragmites communis, Iris pseudoacorus etc. class 6 of anxiety 0-70cm extent examined. Class 21 of anxiety observed all such as Bidens frondosa, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Carex dispalata in near area to 0, and Phragmites communis, Iris pseudoacorus etc. class 6 of anxiety 0-70cm extent examined. Anxiety 70-100cm extent Nymphoides indica, Ttapa japonica etc.. class 2 appeared to line Zizania latifolia, Typha angustata back 2 papers, 130cm and examined that Nelumbo nucifera was limit anxiety state 230cm. 2. Aquatic plants of Phragmites communis, Zizania latifolia, Typha angustata etc. range mainly to gentle gradient of slant 10 degree low and distribution pattern was ranging by Zizania latifolia, Typha angustata, Phragmites communis period of ten days from deepwater place. Nelumbo nucifera was forming become independent stock keeping away invasion of plant that ability to breed was different because was prosperous. Slant 10 bores was growing near sleep in been strange steep slope earth and distribution of emerged plant appeared punily and emerged plant and swampy land plant were ranged extensively in gentle gradient of 10 degree low. 3. On lake surrounding plant when wish to do distribution of natural conditions reference need to. That is, gentle gradient and distribution form of steep slope earth are different, and same pitch must consider enough this because appear as distribution, distribution according to that some plant species were growing was different.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.126-131
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• 2014

In this paper, plant crops used in the region to grow crops for the LED lighting area of a rectangle to fit the light distribution to maximize the efficiency of a rectangular distribution was made of LED lights. After the fabrication of LED lamps, light distribution, and in the area of $1.2m{\times}3m$ was the analysis of Illuminance chart. As a result of examining the performance light distribution for total Emin/Eav is 56%, and the target area of the light distribution compared to normal lamps Emin/Eav is improved by about 17%. In addition, plants grown in the area to minimize the outgoing light distribution can be focused on the cultivation area, according to the distance of the plants and be able to have the best luminous efficacy is judged.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2005

We have mined each of the five A. thaliana chromosomes for the presence of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and developed custom perl scripts to examine their distribution and abundance in relation to genomic position, local G/C content and location within and around transcribed sequences. The distribution of repeats and G/C content with respect to genomic regions (exons, UTRs, introns, intergenic regions and proximity to expressed genes) are shown. SSRs show a non-random distribution across the genome and a strong association within and around transcribed sequences, while G/C density is associated specifically with the coding portions of transcribed sequences. SSR motif repeat number shows a high degree of variation for each SSR type and a high degree of motif sequence bias reflecting local genome sequence composition. PCR primers suitable for the amplification of identified SSRs have been designed where possible, and are available for further studies.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.52 no.7
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• pp.401-406
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• 2003

Electric power industries in several countries are currently undergoing major changes, mainly represented by the privatizations of the power plants and distribution systems. Reliable operations of the power plants directly contribute to the revenue increases of the generation companies in such competitive environments. Strategic optimizations should be performed between the levels of the reliabilities to be maintained and the various preventive maintenance costs, which require the accurate estimations of the power plant reliabilities. However, accurate estimations of the power plant reliabilities are often limited by the lack of accurate power plant failure data. A power plant is not supposed to be failed that often. And if it fails, its impact upon the power system stability is quite substantial in most cases, setting aside the significant revenue losses and lowered company images. Reliability assessment is also important for Independent System Operators(ISO) or Market Operators to properly assess the level of needed compensations for the installed capacity based on the availability of the generation plants. In this paper, we present a power plant reliability estimation technique that can be applied when the failure data is insufficient. Median rank and Weibull distribution are used to accommodate such insufficiency. The Median rank is utilized to derive the cumulative failure probability for each ordered failure. The Weibull distribution is used because of its flexibility of accommodating several different distribution types based on the shape parameter values. The proposed method is applied to small size failure data and its application potential is demonstrated.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2018.10a
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• pp.32-32
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• 2018

Flora investigations in Korea have been conducted by many researchers for diverse purposes. Accumulated flora investigation data has not been utilized efficiently because there is no accessible database for comparison. To overcome this shortcoming, we constructed web-based database of flora investigation, named as the Integrated Korean Flora Database (IKFD; http://www.floradb.net/intro.php). Until now, 284 flora references (263 papers, 14 reports and books, and 7 unpublished papers written in between 1962 and 2017) were digitalized into the database. From 134,711 records, 4,301 species belonging to 228 families and 1,079 genera were identified via mapping with two major Korean plant species lists. Polygon areas originated from references were used for distribution of plant species, identifying precise distribution area. It will be a better index to show plant ecological characteristics. Collected micro-climate data provided by Korea Meteorology Administration were also integrated in IFKD for understanding correlation between distribution of plants and micro-climate. Cold hardiness zone which has been utilized for classifying climate zones. 12 out of 26 zones identified based on micro-climate data in Korea were mapped with distribution of plants. More than half species were appeared in zone 6a, 6b, 7a, and 7b. Taken together with these results, IKFD will be a fundamental platform for understanding plants in Korea flora investigation as well as a new standard for classifying distribution of plants. Moreover, Biodiversity Observation Database (BODB; http://www.biodiversitydb.info/intro.php) which integrates plant distribution data was also integrated for further studies.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.247-251
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• 2020

We report a new distribution of Sedum kiangnanense D. Q. Wang & Z. F. Wu on the Korean Peninsula. This species was first reported in China and is distributed in Anhui and Zhejiang provinces. We found this species on Hongdo Island in Heuksan-myeon, Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do in the Republic of Korea. S. kiangnanense is well distinguished from other species in Korea by 4- or 5-verticillate leaves on the sterile stems and a spatulate leaf shape. We provide its morphological description, detailed illustrations, and a key to related taxa. We have given this species a new Korean name, Ip-kkot-dol-na-mul, which means flower-like leaved sedum.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the native Phytolacca insularis in Ulleung Island for their distribution and ecological characteristics. P. insularis, called as "Sum-Ja-Ri-Gong", is very rare plant which is only restricted in Ulleung Island. It is a plant out of 217 endangered plant species designated by the Korea Forest Service (1996). The native sites were discovered several plants in the small communities at the area from 32m to 116m above the sea level in the seashore of Ulleung Island. The average vegetation height of herb layer in the native sites was 0.77m and average coverage percentage of vegetation layer was 75.56%. Average 11.89 species were emerged on a plot. P. insularis has a tendency to emerged with Galium spurium var. echinospermon and Artemisia lavandulaefolia community.