• Title/Summary/Keyword: Polymer electrolyte membrane

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Performance of a Ceramic Fiber Reinforced Polymer Membrane as Electrolyte in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

  • Nair, Balagopal N.;Yoshikawa, Daishi;Taguchi, Hisatomi
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.53-56
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    • 2004
  • Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) is considered as a candidate technology for applications in stationary, transportation as well as electronic power generation purposes. To develop a high performance direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC), a competent electrolyte membrane is needed. The electrolyte membrane should be durable and methanol crossover must be low. One of the approaches to increase the stability of generally used polymer electrolyte membranes such as Nafion against swelling or thermal degradation is to bond it with an inorganic material physically or chemically. In Noritake Company, we have developed a novel method of reinforcing the polymer electrolyte matrix with inorganic fibers. Methanol crossover values measured were significantly lower than the original polymer electrolyte membranes. These fiber reinforced electrolyte membranes (FREM) were used for DMFC study and stable power output values as high 160 mW/$\textrm{cm}^2$ were measured. The details of the characteristics of the membranes as well as I-V data of fuel cell stacks are detailed in the paper.

Recent Research Progress on the Atomic Layer Deposition of Noble Metal Catalysts for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (고분자 전해질 연료전지용 촉매 소재 개발을 위한 원자층증착법 연구 동향)

  • Han, Jeong Hwan
    • Journal of Powder Materials
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.63-71
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    • 2020
  • It is necessary to fabricate uniformly dispersed nanoscale catalyst materials with high activity and long-term stability for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells with excellent electrochemical characteristics of the oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen oxidation reaction. Platinum is known as the best noble metal catalyst for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells because of its excellent catalytic activity. However, given that Pt is expensive, considerable efforts have been made to reduce the amount of Pt loading for both anode and cathode catalysts. Meanwhile, the atomic layer deposition (ALD) method shows excellent uniformity and precise particle size controllability over the three-dimensional structure. The research progress on noble metal ALD, such as Pt, Ru, Pd, and various metal alloys, is presented in this review. ALD technology enables the development of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells with excellent reactivity and durability.

Research Trends on Improvement of Physicochemical Properties of Sulfonated Hydrocarbon Polymer-based Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Applications (고분자 전해질 막 연료전지 응용을 위한 탄화수소계 고분자 전해질 막의 물성 향상에 관한 연구동향)

  • Inhyeok, Hwang;Davin, Choi;Kihyun, Kim
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.32 no.6
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    • pp.427-441
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    • 2022
  • Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) serving as a separator that can prevent the permeation of unreacted fuels as well as an electrolyte that selectively transports protons from the anode to the cathode has been considered a key component of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The perfluorinated sulfonic acid-based PEMs, represented by Nafion®, have been commercialized in PEMFC systems due to their high proton conductivity and chemical stability. Nevertheless, these PEMs have several inherent drawbacks including high manufacturing costs by the complex synthetic processes and environmental problems caused by producing the toxic gases. Although numerous studies are underway to address these drawbacks including the development of sulfonated hydrocarbon polymer-based PEMs (SHP-PEMs), which can easily control the polymer structures, further improvement of PEM performances and durability is necessary for practical PEMFC applications. Therefore, this study focused on the various strategies for the development of SHP-PEMs with outstanding performance and durability by 1) introducing cross-linked structures, 2) incorporating organic/inorganic composites, and 3) fabricating reinforced-composite membranes using porous substrates.

A Study on the Mechanical Properties of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane according to Temperature (온도에 따른 고분자전해질막의 기계적 특성에 관한 연구)

  • EO, JUNWOO;KIM, SEUNGHWAN;SEO, YOUNGJIN;KO, HYUNGJONG;HWANG, CHULMIN;JUNG, YOUNGGUAN
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.566-573
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    • 2022
  • In this study, the mechanical properties of the polymer electrolyte membrane according to the temperature were studied. The test specimens of polymer electrolyte membrane were heat treated at 40℃, 60℃, 80℃, 100℃, and 120℃, and then the tensile tests were performed. As results of this study, the residual stress of the polymer electrolyte membrane was removes by the heat treatment and the elastic modulus decreased due to the decrease in internal energy. In addition, in the plastic region, the mechanical properties and crystallization rate of the polymer electrolyte membrane increased in proportion according to increase of the heat treatment temperature.

Preparation of Gel Polymer Electrolyte Membranes of Polyvinyl Alcohol and Poly (acrylic acid) for Zn Air Batteries (아연공기전지를 위한 Polyvinyl Alcohol과 Poly (acrylic acid)의 블랜드를 이용한 겔 고분자 전해질막의 제조)

  • Kim, Chanhoon;Koo, Ja-Kyung
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.208-215
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    • 2012
  • Gel polymer electrolyte membranes were prepared from blends of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly (acrylic acid) (PAA), by solution-cast technique. The PAA content in the blend varied from 30 to 80 wt%. With the gel polymer electrolyte membranes, Zn air batteries were fabricated. The gel polymer electrolyte membranes were characterized by means of stress-strain test, impedance test. The Zn air batteries were tested by current interrupt method and galvanostatic discharge method. The tensile strength and tensile modulus decreased with increasing PAA content in the gel polymer electrolyte membrane. On the other hand, the ionic conductivity increased with increasing PAA content. The effect of ionic conductivity trend of the gel polymer electrolyte membrane in the Zn air battery was confirmed through current interrupt method and galvanostatic discharge method experiments. The battery with higher PAA content gel polymer electrolyte membrane showed lower IR drop and higher discharge capacity.

Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Flexible Electrochromic Device (플렉시블 전기변색 소자를 위한 고분자 전해질 멤브레인)

  • Lee, Ji-Hyeon;Kang, Moon-Sung
    • Membrane Journal
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.333-341
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    • 2020
  • In this study, the optimum design conditions of a polymer electrolyte membrane for application to a flexible electrochromic device (ECD) were tried to be derived. Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) with excellent adhesive property and transparency was selected as the base polymer for the preparation of the electrolyte membrane, and adipate-based polymer was used as the plasticizer. As a result, it was confirmed that the most influential factors on the ECD performance were the ionic conductivity and permeability of the electrolyte membrane. In addition, it was found that the factor has a close relationship with the dissociation property of the lithium salt. Overall, the optimal ECD performance was achieved when LiTFSI salt having a large anion size among various lithium salts was dissolved in a content of about 25 wt.%.

Semi-interpenetrated Polymer Network of Sulfonated Poly(Styrene-Divinylbenzene-Acrylonitrile) based on PVC Film for Polymer Electrolyte Membranes

  • Yun, Sung-Hyun;Woo, Jung-Je;Seo, Seok-Jun;Park, Jung-Woo;Oh, Se-Hun;Moon, Seung-Hyeon
    • Korean Membrane Journal
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.8-14
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    • 2009
  • The sulfonated poly(styrene-divinylbenzene-acrylonitrile) (ST-DVB-AN) composite polymer electrolyte membrane based on the original PVC film was successfully synthesized to improve oxidative stability using semi-interpenetrated polymer network (semi-IPN). Weight gain ratio after copolymerization was enhanced by the DVB and AN contents, and the sulfonated membranes were characterized in terms of proton conductivity (k), ion exchange capacity (IEC), and water uptake ($W_U$). The effect of DVB content and AN addition were thoroughly investigated by comparing the resulted properties including oxidative stability. The obtained ST-DVB-AN composited semi-IPN membranes showed relatively high proton conductivity and IEC compared with Nafion117, and greatly improved oxidative stability of the synthesized membrane was obtained. This study demonstrated that a semi-interpenetrated sulfonated ST-DVB-AN composited membrane reinforced by PVC polymer network is a promising candidate as an inexpensive polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell applications.