• Title/Summary/Keyword: Polymer electrolyte membrane

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Optimal Operational Planning of 1 kW Household PEMFC System (가정용 PEMFC 운전 최적 설계)

  • Kim, Ki-Young;Seo, Seok-Ho;Oh, Si-Doek;Kwak, Ho-Young
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2007.06a
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    • pp.113-116
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    • 2007
  • The fuel cell which converts directly chemical energy of fuel into electric energy has higher efficiency than the conventional power generation which involves several additional processes. Especially, polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) of which the electrolyte is a thin proton conductive polymer membrane is affordable for portable power applications and small-scale distributed power generation including household and small building. It is very important to not only increase the efficiency of FC itself but determine the optimal operation mode. The optimal operational planning of lkW household PEMFC system based on the daily electricity and heat demand patterns was performed. The estimated economic gain was up to 20% by adoption of PEMFC system.

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Study on optimum structure of free-breathing Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) for robotic application (로봇용 자연급기형 연료전지의 최적구조에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Jae-Hyuk;Park, Sang-Kyun
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.231-238
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    • 2006
  • The performance of free-breathing polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) was studied experimentally and the effect of cathode separator structure on the cell performance was investigated. Cathode separators were used for the cell with $18cm^2$ active area. In channel type, the contact resistance is low, and the nature convection. which is strongly affected by the cross-sectional shape of cathode separator channel, is dominant in a cell performance. The maximum power density with $18cm^2$ active area is $105mW/cm^2$ using the 10mm depth and 2mm width channel. A computational analysis was optimum structure of free-breathing channel type PEMFC for robotic application.

Stand-Alone Type Single-Phase Fuel Cells Micro-Source with ac Voltage Compensation Capability (교류전압 보상 기능을 갖는 독립형 단상 연료전지 마이크로 소스)

  • Jung, Young-Gook
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.58 no.1
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    • pp.35-41
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    • 2009
  • This paper proposes a stand alone type single-phase fuel cells micro-source with a voltage sag compensator for compensating the ac output voltage variations (sag or swell) of micro-source. The proposed micro-source is consist of a PEM(polymer electrolyte membrane) fuel cells simulator, a full bridge de converter, a 60Hz PWM(pulse width modulation) VSI(voltage source inverter), and a voltage sag compensator. Voltage sag compensator is similar to the configuration of hybrid series active power filter, and it is directly connected to micro-source through the injection transformer. Compensation algorithm of a voltage sag compensator adopts a single phase p-q theory. Effectiveness of the proposed the system is verified by the PSIM(power electronics simulation tool) simulation in the steady state and transient state which the proposed system is able to simultaneously compensate the harmonic current and source voltage sag or swell.

Studies on the Characteristics of the Catalyst Layer of the PEMFC Electrode (고분자전해질용 연료전지의 전극 촉매중 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Sridhar, Parthasarathi;Ihm, Jae-Wook;Yu, Hyung-Kyun;Ryu, Ho-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.65-67
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    • 2003
  • The present paper highlights on the need to understand the correlation of the characteristics of the catalyst layer with the performance of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). This paper deals with the correlation of the platinum loading in the catalyst layer and the performance of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and also the correlation of the required hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity in the catalyst layer to get the optimum performance under given operating conditions.

Electrochemical Evaluation and Synthesis of Pt/C and PtCo/C Catalysts for the Cathode of PEMFC (PEMFC용 캐소드를 위한 Pt/C, PtCo/C 촉매제조 및 전기화학평가)

  • Kim, Jin-Hwan;Ryu, Ho-Jin
    • Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.45-49
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    • 2008
  • For the commercialization of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), some serious problems such as the decrease of platinum use as catalysts and a larger overpotential of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at cathode must be solved. In this study, 20%Pt/C and 20%PtCo/C catalysts for the cathode of PEMFC were synthesized from the chemical reduction method and evaluated using an electrochemical measurement. The ORR activity of synthesized 20%Pt/C and 20%PtCo/C had higher than that of the 20%Pt/C on the market. The synthesized 20%PtCo/C with the cobalt concentration (Pt:Co atomic ratio) from 5 to 20% showed the highest ORR activity.

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A Study on Performance Characteristics of PEMFC with Thermal Variation (온도에 따른 고분자 전해질형 연료전지시스템의 출력 특성 연구)

  • Park, Se-Joon;Shin, Young-Sik;Jeong, Seong-Chan;Choi, Jeong-Sik;Cha, In-Su
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2009.04b
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    • pp.212-214
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    • 2009
  • The polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) with the advantages of low-operating temperature, high current density, low cost and volume, fast start-up ability, and suitability for discontinuous operation becomes the most reasonable and attractive power system for transportation vehicle and micro-grid power plant in a household. 200W PEMFC(Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell) system applied to middle and small-scaled micro-grid power system was constructed by this study, then the electrical characteristics and diagnosis of the fuel cell were analyzed with thermal variation.

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Recent Developments of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Design

  • Wonchan Hwang;Yung-Eun Sung
    • Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.120-130
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    • 2023
  • PEMFC has high potential for future development due to its high energy density, eco-friendliness, and high energy efficiency. When it becomes small, light and flexible, it can be competitive as an energy source for portable devices or flexible electronic devices. However, the use of hard and heavy materials for structural rigidity and uniform contact pressure transmission has become an obstacle to reducing the weight and flexibility of PEMFCs. This review intends to provide an example of the application of a new structure and material for lightweight and flexibility. As a lightweight PEMFC, a tubular design is presented and structural advantages through numerical modeling are explained. Manufacturing methods to realize the structural advantages and possibilities of tubular PEMFCs are discussed. In addition, the materials and manufacturing processes used to fabricate lightweight and flexible PEMFCs are described and factors affecting performance are analyzed. Strategies and structural improvements of light and flexible movements are discussed according to the component parts.

Preparation and Characterization of Block Copolymer Containing Bisphenyl Propane Unit and Nanosilica Composite Membrane for Fuel Cell Electrolyte Application (비스페닐프로판 단위를 갖는 연료전지전해질용 블록공중합체/나노실리카 복합막 제조 및 특성)

  • KIM, AE RHAN
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.144-149
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    • 2017
  • A proton-conducting bisphenylpropaned sulfonated fluorinated blockcopolymer (BPSFBC) was synthesized. Five kinds of polymer electrolyted composite membranes were preparated by incorporating silica ($SiO_2$) with various weight ratio. And their characteristics were investigated by FT-IR (fourier transform infrared), $^1H-NMR$ ($^1H$ nuclear magnetic resonance), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis), water uptake, FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscopes), and ion conductivity properties. The water uptake and ion conductivity were increased until 9 wt% $SiO_2$, and then decreased. The maximum proton conductivity equal to $52mScm^{-1}$ was measured for the BPSFBC/$SiO_2$-9 composite membrane at $90^{\circ}C$ and 100% relative humidity. From the measured results, it is distinct that the manufactured composite membrane BPSFBC/$SiO_2$-9 can be considered as a polymer membrane suitable for a fuel cell electrolyte.

Synthesis and Characterization of Mono-sulfonated Poly(ether sulfone) for a Fuel Cell Application (고분자 전해질 연료전지용 Sulfonated Poly(ether sulfone)의 합성 및 특성 평가)

  • Krishnan N.N.;Kim H.-J.;Prasanna M.;Cho E.-A.;Oh I.-H.;Hong S.-A.;Lim T.-H.
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2005.06a
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    • pp.235-238
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    • 2005
  • Sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) copolymers (PESs) were synthesized using hydroquinone 2-potassium sulfonate (HPS) with other monomers (bisphenol A and 4-fluorophenyl sulfone). PESs with different $mole\%$ of hydrophilic group were prepared by changing the mole ratio of HPS in the polymerization reaction. The chemical structure and the thermal stability of these polymers were characterized by using $^1H-NMR$, FT-IR and TGA techniques. The PES 60 membrane, which has $60 mole\%$ of HPS unit in the polymer backbone, has a proton conductivity of 0.091 S/cm and good insolubility in boiling water. The TGA showed that PES 60 was stable up to $272^{\circ}C$ with a char yield of about $29\%\;at\;900^{\circ}C\;under\;N_2$ atmosphere. To investigate the single cell performance, the catalyst coated PES 60 membrane was used and a single cell test was carried out using $H_2/O_2$ gases as fuel and oxidant at various temperatures. We observed that the cell performance was enhanced by increasing the cell temperature. A current density of $1400 mA/cm^2$ at 0.60 V was obtained at $70^{\circ}C$.

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Single Cell Performance Recovery of $SO_2$ Poisioned PEMFC using Cyclic Voltametry (순환전류 전압법을 이용한 이산화황 피독 PEMFC 단위전지의 성능 회복)

  • Lee, Soo;Jin, Seok-Hwan
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.497-501
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    • 2011
  • Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) performance degrade when sulfur dioxide is present in the fuel hydrogen gas, this is referred as $SO_2$ poisoning. This paper reveals $SO_2$ poisoning on PEMFC cathode part by measuring electrical performance of single cell under 1 ppm and 5 ppm on $SO_2$ gas operating. The security of $SO_2$ poisoning depended on $SO_2$ concentration under the best operating conditions($65^{\circ}C$ of cell temperature and 100% of relative humidity between anode and cathode). $SO_2$ adsorption occured on the surface of catalyst layer on membrane electrode assembly (MEA), In addition, MEA poisoning by $SO_2$ was cumulative but reversible. After poisoning within 5 ppm $SO_2$ for 1hr, the electrical performance of PEMFC was found to recover up to about 93% by cyclic voltametry scan.