• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 1998

Coping resources may be a crucial aspect in single mothers' and their childrens' adjustment. Using a survey data collected from 275 pairs of single mothers and their children, this study investigated the perceived effects of economic resoures, family relational resources, and social support on positive changes of both mothers and their children. Results revealed that both mothers and their children perceived positive changes of themselves and their children(mothers) relatively high. The degrees of positive changes of mothers were influenced mostly by family relational resources. In the same token, the degrees of positive changes of children were also affected by family relational resources. Overall, the findings suggested the importance of relational resources in explaining the positive changes of single mothers and their children.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.465-475
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• 2018

이 연구의 목적은 이혼 가정 자녀의 긍정적 변화에 영향을 미치는 변인을 확인하는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 이혼 가정 한부모의 지각된 사회적 차별 경험, 양육 어려움, 자녀와의 대화시간, 자녀의 인터넷 사용문제, 이혼 후 자녀의 긍정적 변화 간의 구조적 관련성을 확인하고, 가구 소득에 따른 구조적 관계의 차이를 확인하였다. 분석 자료는 2015년 한부모가족 실태조사 자료의 한부모 1,114명의 데이터를 활용하였으며, 연구문제를 검증하기 위해 구조방정식모형 분석과 다집단 분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과, 첫째, 한부모가 지각한 차별 경험은 양육어려움(${\beta}=.354$), 인터넷 사용문제(${\beta}=.234$)에 통계적으로 유의한 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 한부모가 지각한 양육 어려움은 자녀와의 대화시간(${\beta}=-.192$), 자녀의 긍정적 변화(${\beta}=-.218$)에 통계적으로 유의한 부적인 영향, 자녀의 인터넷 사용문제(${\beta}=.440$)에 통계적으로 유의한 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 자녀의 인터넷 사용문제는 부모의 이혼 후 자녀의 긍정적 변화(${\beta}=-.199$)에 통계적으로 유의한 부적인 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 한부모가 지각한 차별 경험은 자녀와의 대화시간, 양육 어려움, 인터넷 사용문제를 매개로 자녀의 긍정적 변화에 통계적으로 유의한 부적인 영향을 미치는 간접효과(${\beta}=-.167$)가 확인되었다. 셋째, 다집단 분석 결과, 가구 소득에 따른 통계적으로 유의한 경로계수의 크기 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 이혼 후 자녀의 긍정적 변화를 이끌기 위해서는 한부모가 차별을 느끼지 않을 수 있는 사회적 문화 형성과 한부모의 양육 과정에 대한 공식적, 비공식적 지지가 중요하며, 한부모 가정 자녀의 인터넷 과다 사용을 예방하고 줄이기 위한 실천적 노력이 필요함을 시사한다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.148-159
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• 2003

Objective: This study examines the effects of acupoint combination on NADPH-diaphorase and neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS) in the brainstem of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Methods: The changes of NADPH-d-positive neurons using a histochemical method and the changes of nNOS-positive neurons using an immunohistochemical method were evaluated. The optical densities of NADPH-d-positive neurons and nNOS-positive neurons of the Choksamni(ST36) Umnungchon(SP9) groups were significantly increased in all brainstem areas as compared to the Choksamni and Choksamni Kokchi(LI11) groups and decreased, with the exeption of the nNOS-positive neurons in the superficial gray of superior colliculus, as compared to the normal group. Results: Our results demonstrated that electroacupuncture changes the activity in the NO system in the brainstem of SHR and the acupoint combination is one of the important parameters for this effect.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.64-69
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• 1999

Background : Syncope was defined as transient loss of consciousness and postural tone. The mechanisms of changes in cerebral hemodynamics during syncope have not been fully evaluated. Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography can continuously monitor the changes in cerebral hemodynamics during head-up tilt (HUT). TCD could reveal the different patterns of changes in cerebral hemodynamics during syncope. Syncope without hypotension or bradycardia could be detected by TCD. We investigated the changes in cerebral blood flow velocity during HUT using TCD in 33 patients with a history of recurrent syncope or presyncope of unknown origin. Methods & Results : The positive responses were defined as presyncope or syncope with hypotension, bradycardia, or both. During HUT without isoproterenol infusion, there were a $86{\pm}23%$ drop in DV and a $41{\pm}34%$ drop in SV in 5 patients with positive reponses, and mean changes in those were less than 10% in patients with negative reponses (p=.00, p=.00). During HUT with isoproterenol infusion, TCD showed a $80{\pm}18%$ drop in diastolic velocity in 14 patients with positive reponses, and a $47{\pm}10%$ drop in that in patients with negative reponses (p=.00), however the change in systolic velocity did not differ. TCD showed three patterns during positive responses; loss of all flow, loss of end diastolic flow, and a decrease in diastolic velocity. Loss of consciousness occurred in the patients with loss of all flow or end-diastolic flow during positive reponses. Conclusions : TCD shows different patterns of changes in cerebral hemodynamics during HUT. TCD can be used to investigate the pathophysiology of neurocardiogenic syncope.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.453-458
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• 2003

The anomaly-detection algorithm based on negative selection of T cells is representative model among self-recognition methods and it has been applied to computer immune systems in recent years. In immune systems, T cells are produced through both positive and negative selection. Positive selection is the process used to determine a MHC receptor that recognizes self-molecules. Negative selection is the process used to determine an antigen receptor that recognizes antigen, or the nonself cell. In this paper, we propose a novel self-recognition algorithm based on the positive selection of T cells. We indicate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by change-detection simulation of some infected data obtained from cell changes and string changes in the self-file. We also compare the self-recognition algorithm based on positive selection with the anomaly-detection algorithm.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.95-106
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 긍정심리학 기반 정신건강증진 프로그램이 즐거운 삶, 몰입하는 적극적인 삶, 의미있는 삶의 경험에 어떠한 변화를 일으키는지 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 178명의 대학생에게 한 학기동안 15회에 걸쳐 프로그램을 실시하며 사전 사후 심리적 안녕감, 우울, 낙관성 검사를 통해 그 변화를 살펴보았다. 또한 이 세 가지 검사결과 에서 긍정적 변화를 모두 보인 56명(32%)의 학생들 가운데 15명의 학생들을 대상으로 질적사례연구를 위한 심층인터뷰를 실시하였다. 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 양적연구결과 긍정심리학 기반 정신건강증진 프로그램은 대학생의 심리적 안녕감, 우울, 낙관성 사전 사후검사에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 검증되었으며 긍정적 효과를 보였다. 질적연구결과 긍정심리학 기반 정신건강증진 프로그램은 대학생의 즐거운 삶, 몰입하는 적극적인 삶, 의미있는 삶이라는 세 가지 구성요소별로 각각 정서, 인지, 행동차원에서의 긍정적 변화를 보였다. 세부적으로는 첫째, 긍정적 정서와 생각을 유도한 프로그램은 같은 일상생활 속에서 좀 더 적극적으로 즐겁게 생활하는 행동의 '변화'를 보였다. 둘째, '몰입하는 적극적인 삶'으로서의 긍정심리 개입을 통해 높은 '자기수용'을 인식하는 '변화'도 경험하였다. 셋째, '의미있는 삶'을 만들어가기 위해 자신이 가치 있다고 생각하는 일에 시간과 노력을 투자하여 만족감과 성취감을 경험하였다. 마지막으로 프로그램 수행이후 이들은 낙관성을 더 높게 인식하는 것이 발견되었다. 또한 감사함을 찾는 프로그램 활동을 통해 자기중심적 관찰에서 주변사람들과의 관계적 관찰에서 감사함을 찾는 관점으로 확대됨을 경험하였다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2005

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture(EA) on Choksamni(ST36), a well-known acupuncture site, on nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase(NADPH-d), neuropeptide Y(NPY) and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) in the cerebral cortex of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR). EA on Choksamni was applied using 2Hz electrical biphasic pulses of 10min, 3 times a week for a total of 10 sessions. Thereafter we evaluated changes in NADPH-d-positive neurons histochemically and changes in NPY and VIP-positive neurons immunohistochemically. The optical density of NADPH-d-positive neurons in the Choksamni group was significantly lower in all areas of the cerebral cortex than in the control group. However, the optical density of NPY-positive neurons in the Choksamni group was similar to that of the controls in most areas of the cerebral cortex, with the exception of the primary motor and visual cortices. The optical density of VIP-positive neurons in the Choksamni group was significantly decreased as compared to the control group in most areas of the cerebral cortex, with the exception of the cingulate cortex. The present results demonstrated that EA on Choksamni changes the activity of the NO system, and that stimulation at the same level, causes selective changes within the peptidergic system in the cerebral cortex of SHR.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to find out older adults' current uses, satisfaction level and life changes by using digital home services. The study collected data from 140 persons who were 55 years and older living in a digital home. The results of the study showed that consideration level of digital home service installation was the major variable to affect the residents' life changes. In general, the residents who use more digital home services experienced higher positive life changes. Therefore, for older adults, various ideas to expand their understanding of digital home services should be developed to increase their positive life changes.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.299-311
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analysis effect of TENS with immunohistochemistry methode through changes of substance P in spinal using arthritis model after inducing inflammation. The changes of substance P induced at that time are compared with control which is not induced arthritis by means of counting. The effect of TENS (4Hz, $200{\mu}$, 20minutes) is also tested by observing changes of substance P in spinal dorsal horn after application on knee joint of rats which is arthritis model induced by kaolin and carrageenan. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Substance P immunoreactive positive neurons are increased in dorsal horn after inducting arthritis. 2. In arthritis group, Substance P immunoreactive positive neurons are progressively increased from the first to the third days. 3. Substance P immunoreactive positive neurons after applicating TENS on arthritis group are more decreased than only arthritis-induced group. 4. Substance P immunoreactive positive neurons were significantly decreased on the second days resulting from TENS application from the first to the third days. Therefore, TENS application is decrease Substance P immunoreactive positive neurons in spinal dorsal horn of rats induced arthritis. This decrease is considered as analgesic effect of TENS.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1015-1021
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• 1995

This study was conducted to evaluate changes in nutritional knowledge, attitudes, behavior intention and behavior in a sample of 27 insulin dependent diabetic students participating in diabetics' camp. Nutritional knowledge related to diabetes, attitudes toward diabetes treatment and behavior intention about dietary changes were tested before and after nutrition education. Six months after nutrition education, an open ended questionnaire about their actual behavior changes was mailed to all participants and 17 of them responded. Pre-and post-testing showed that nutrition education was effective in significant changes in knowledge and in promoting positive attitudes and behavior intention. Increases of knowledge were consistently the same regardless of sex, level of education, regularity of diet, and duration of disease. Compared to male students, female students showed more positive change in knowledge, attitudes and behavior intention. It also appeared that middle school students showed more positive improvement in knowledge, attitudes and behavior than elementary and high school students. A follow-up test showed that their actual behavior changes were not squared with their behavior intention. They pointed out difficulties in having proper amount of meals and snack and the conflict with school time schedule as the major reason for discordance. These findings suggest that nutrition education for diabetics can be effective to improve their knowledge, attitudes and behavior intention and understanding about barriers to behavior change is important for better compliance to the disease.