• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.73-85
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• 2014

The purpose of the study was to investigate whether customer perception on internet fashion shopping mall characteristics influences positive emotion on internet shopping and relationship formation. For data collection, a questionnaire was administrated from February 20th to March 3th in 2012 to 362 adults who have purchased the products from internet fashion shopping mall. The analysis explores the effect of internet shopping mall characteristics on positive shopping emotion and relationship quality. It also tests the mediation effect of positive shopping emotion for the influence of internet fashion shopping mall characteristics on relationship quality. The results are as follows. First, the perceived internet fashion shopping mall characteristics had positive effects on relationship quality. Second, the perceived internet fashion shopping mall characteristics had positively effects on positive shopping emotion. Third, the effect of positive shopping emotion had positive effects on relationship quality. Fourth, the effect of perceived internet fashion shopping mall characteristics on relationship quality, mediated by positive shopping emotion, was shown to be none.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.29-38
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the structural relationship among relationship marketing, relationship quality, and behavioral intention toward children sports centers. Research design, data, and methodology: To achieve this purpose, this study employed a convenience sampling method via a questionnaire dissemination. A total of 427 responses were collected from the parents of six children sports centers. Among those, 21 responses were excluded as they were not completed, leaving 406 valid data. For hypotheses test, the collected data was computed in SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 27.0, and analyzed with frequency analysis, correlation analysis, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling analysis. Results: First, relationship marketing had a positive influence on relationship quality. Second, relationship marketing had a positive influence on behavioral intention. Third, relationship quality had a positive influence on behavioral intention. Conclusions: Results showed that relationship marketing had a positive influence on relationship quality and behavioral intention. Moreover, relationship quality had a positive influence on behavioral intention. These findings indicate a positive function of relationship marketing in building psychological and behavioral outcomes in the context of children sport industry. Given this, implications of relationships among research variables were discussed.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.71-92
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• 1999

The basic purpose of this study is to investigate how the traits of the buyer-seller transaction-relationship relate to relationship performance, including relationship performance explicitly in the proposed model. The traits examined include relational norm, formalization, market uncertainty, and relationship investment. It is hypothesized that relational norm and formalization have positive impacts on relationships performance while market uncertainty has a minus impact. In addition, it is hypothesized that relational norm has a positive moderating impact on the effect of relationship investment--the investment and efforts for maintaining a relationship to relationship performance. A mail-survey to the manufacturers of machinery and equipment about their relationships with the parts suppliers was performed. Data provided a strong support for the hypotheses. As hypothesized, relationship performance and formalization generally had positive impacts on relationship performance and formalization generally had positive impacts on relationship performance while market uncertainty showed negative impacts. Also, there is a good evidence for the positive moderating effect of relational norm to the impact of relationship investment on relationship performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1504-1514
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• 2010

Relationship marketing can be one of the most efficient strategies to enable a company to achieve business success in the recent marketing environment of tough competition and the diverse desires of consumers for new products. Using relationship marketing instead of mass marketing can help a company increase profits. For proper research in relationship marketing, it is indispensable to study relationship benefits. This study provides specific information in terms of relationship benefits to help develop the marketoriented strategy of a company. The results are as follow. The relationship benefit had a significantly positive effect on relationship quality (trust, satisfaction, and commitment). A relationship benefit was divided into three dimensions: customization benefit, informational benefit, and emotional benefit. Especially, emotional benefit appears as the most positive effect on satisfaction and the customization benefit appeared as the most positive effect on trust and commitment. The customization benefit and emotional benefit had a significantly positive effect on long-term relationship orientation, repurchase intention, and word of mouth. Informational benefit was not a significant influence on repurchase intention and word of mouth. Customization benefit appeared the most positive effect on long-term relationship orientation and word' of mouth. Emotional benefit appeared the most positive effect on repurchase intention. The relationship quality had a significantly positive effect on relationship performance. The findings of this study provide both industry and academic researchers with a guide to increase customer satisfaction in the relationship marketing process.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.301-314
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to determine the gender differences in the relationships between knowledge of, attachment with, and attitude toward a parent brand and perceived risk of, attitude toward, and purchase intension of an extended product in the case of brand extension. A total of 300 survey questionnaires were distributed to 150 male and 150 female college students, and 275 responses were used for the final analysis. The results showed that for male college students, knowledge of the parent brand had a positive relationship with brand attachment with the parent brand, which in turn had a positive relationship with brand attitude toward the parent brand. Knowledge of the parent brand had a negative relationship with perceived risk of the extended product, which again had a negative relationship with attitude toward the extended product. In addition, for male college students, knowledge of the parent brand had a positive relationship with attitude toward the extended product, which also had a positive relationship with purchase intension of the extended product. For female college students, brand attachment with the parent brand had a positive relationship with brand attitude toward the parent brand, which also had a positive relationship with attitude toward the extended product. Brand attachment with the parent brand showed a negative relationship with perceived risk of the extended product, which also had a negative relationship with attitude toward the extended product.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.7
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• pp.97-109
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• 2011

This study examined the relations among CRM activities of cosmetic companies, relationship benefits, relationship commitment, and brand switching reduction intention. The participants consisted of 399 women over the age of 20. The results of this study were as follows: First, CRM activities were perceived as a concept of sub-components, and the customers recognized the relationship benefits and commitments. Second, CRM activities did not make a positive effect on brand switching reduction intention. Third, CRM activities had a positive influence on relationship benefits, and the relationship benefit affected the brand switching reduction intention positively. Fourth, CRM activities created a positive effect on relationship commitment, and also the relationship commitment had a positive effect on brand switching reduction intention. Lastly, relationship benefits had a positive effect on relationship commitment and it was precedent variables.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.9
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• pp.1538-1545
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• 2010

Relationship marketing can be one of the most efficient strategies that enable a company to achieve business success in the marketing environment of tough competition and the desire of consumers for diverse products. Using relationship marketing instead of mass marketing can help a company increase profits. For. proper research in relationship marketing, it is indispensable to study interactivity. This study investigates the effects of interactivity on relationship marketing. The results are as follow: The enterprise-consumer interactivity had a significantly positive effect on relationship quality (trust, satisfaction, and commitment). Especially enterprise-consumer interactivity appeared as the most positive effect on satisfaction and customization benefit appeared to be the most positive effect on trust. The enterprise-consumer interactivity had a significantly positive effect on relationship performance (long-term relationship orientation, repurchase intention, and word of mouth). Especially, enterprise-consumer interactivity appeared as the most positive effect on long-term relationship orientation. Internet shopping malls should enhance the interaction between the company and customers with the feedback system to share important information, and maintain a reliable technological environment. The company can deal with customer requirements by supplying proper products and content. The findings of this study provide both industry and academic researchers with a guide to increase customer satisfaction in the relationship marketing process.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.131-143
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate clothing involvement and clothing behavior of women and to indentify the relationship between clothing behavior and clothing involvement. The data were analyzed using percentage, frequency, factor analysis, ANOVA, Scheffe test, t-test, and Multiple Regression. The results of the study were as follows: 1. Five dimensions of clothing involvement were derived by factor analysis such as fashion, interest pleasure, symbolism, and perceived buying risk. 2. There were significant relationships between clothing involvement dimensions and demographic characteristics such as age, educational background and family income level. Those who were younger and not married showed positive relationship among fashion, interest and pleasure of clothing involvement dimensions. Those who had higher educational background showed positive relationship with clothing involvement. Those who were empolyed showed higher clothing involvement with symbolism and perceived buying risk. 3. Age, marital status, and educational background showed important variables as factors that exert influence on clothing behavior: Those who were younger and not married attached importance to interest aesthetics, psychological dependence, and fashion. Those who were older and married attached importance to modesty and comfort. The more educated respondents were more concerned about interest aesthetics, symbolism, psychological dependence, and fashion. 4. The fashion of clothing involvement showed positive relationship in fashion, interest, symbolism, and psychological dependence of clothing behavior, and negative relationship in modesty and comfort. The interest of clothing involvement showed positive relationship in aesthetics and interest, and negative relationship in modesty and comfort of clothing behavior. The pleasure of clothing involvement showed positive relationship in psychological dependence, management, interest, and pleasure of clothing behavior. The symbolism of clothing involvement showed positive relationship in symbolism, modesty, conformity, psychological dependence, and fashion of clothing behavior. The perceived buying risk of clothing involvement showed positive relationship in management, conformity, and comfort and negative relationship in symbolism and fashion of clothing behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.153-167
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• 1997

There have been many studies concerning the relationships between stock returns and volatilities. Their positive relationship is well known from the theoretical point of view, but not empirically shown. Franch, Schwert and Stambaugh [11] has empirically provided the indirect evidence of the positive relationship betwen expected stock return and expected volatility. However, their study lacks some statistical validity. This study reexamines the relationship using regression diagnostics and GARCH model from an international point of view. The empirical results fall to show the positive relationship between expected stock return and expected volaiility, which contradicts those of France, Schwert and Stambangh [1].

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.129-138
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• 2016

Purpose - The ICT(information and communications technologies) development is affecting consumer behaviors on selecting channel or distribution system. This study aims to advance our knowledge about the factors influencing omni-channel behaviors. This study considers the positive brand experience as the moderating variable into the relationship between omini-channel use intention and consumer brand relation. Also, the effect of positive brand experience on consumer-brand relation is researched. Research design, data, and methodology - This study conducted an empirical test with the subject as customers who purchase goods or service through on-off cross channel simultaneously. The research model is developed from prior literatures about influencing variables on channel selection. The structure of this study is designed to identify causal relationships between the variables. 268 survey data from the questionnaire survey which is conducted to target customers who use online and offline channels, is used for empirical analysis. This study validates generality with descriptive statistics and data reliability with Cronbach's alpha value. The exploratory factor analysis is used for value purification. Then, the confirmatory factor analysis is conducted for structural equation modeling. Finally, the execute structural equation modeling is analyzed to confirm the hypotheses Results - First, the two causal influences between perceived performance risk and the propensity of omni-channel and between price consciousness and the propensity of omni-channel are verified through the empirical test. Second, the result identifies that the propensity of omni-channel is influenced on consumer-brand relationship. Third, the AMOS analysis proves that the moderating variable, positive brand experience, has significant positive impact on consumer-brand relationship. This significant relationship is highly supported by the regression analysis between brand experience and propensity of omni-channel because it results that positive brand experience has positive impact on the propensity of omni-channel. All hypotheses are verified to be true. Conclusions - Based on the empirical result, this study confirms that perceived performance risk and price consciousness are the important factors influencing propensity of omni-channel. According to the additional analysis, the moderating variable and positive brand experience plays important role between the propensity of omni-channel and consumer-brand relationship. Furthermore, positive brand experience influences more on consumer-brand relationship than non-positive brand experience.